RPGで学ぶSwiftの値型 / Learning Value Types in Swift with RPG

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RPGͰֶͿSwi'ͷ஋ܕ Yuta Koshizawa @koher

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ม਺ let maxHP = 153 // ࠷େHP var hp = maxHP // ݱࡏHP

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ԋࢉ // (߈ܸྗ - ๷ޚྗ) ÷ 2 ͰμϝʔδΛܭࢉ͢Δ৔߹ let damage = (character.attack - target.defense) / 2 print("\(character.name)ͷ͜͏͖͛ɻ") print("\(target.name)ʹ\(damage)ͷμϝʔδʂ")

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৚݅෼ذ hp += 80 // ࠷େHPΛ௒͑ͯճ෮͠ͳ͍Α͏ʹ͢Δ if hp > maxHP { hp = maxHP }

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഑ྻͱ܁Γฦ͠ // ΩϟϥΫλʔͷ഑ྻͰύʔςΟΛද͢ var party: [Character] = [...] // ϧʔϓͰύʔςΟͷΩϟϥΫλʔΛॱ൪ʹऔಘ for character in party { print(character.name) print("HP \(character.hp)") print("MP \(character.mp)") print() }

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Α͋͘Δϓϩάϥϛϯάॳ৺ऀ޲͚ͷ՝୊ // 1͔Β100·Ͱͷ߹ܭΛٻΊͳ͍͞ var sum = 0 for n in 1...100 { sum += n } print(sum)

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۩ମྫͰֶ΅͏ʹ΋ྫΛཧղ͢Δͷ͕େม

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RPGΛ୊ࡐʹϓϩάϥϛϯάΛֶͿ × ॳ৺ऀ

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RPGΛ୊ࡐʹϓϩάϥϛϯάΛֶͿ × ܦݧऀ

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Swi$ ͷҰ൪ͷಛ௃͸ԿͰ͔͢ʁ

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ͨͱ͑͹ɺ஋ܕத৺ͷݴޠͰ͋Δ͜ͱ

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Swi$ ඪ४ϥΠϒϥϦ͸΄΅͢΂ͯ஋ܕ struct Int { ... } struct Double { ... } struct Bool { ... } struct String { ... } struct Array { ... } struct Dictionary { ... } enum Optional { ... }

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ࢀরܕͷίϨΫγϣϯʢ Python ʣ # Python a = [2, 3, 4] b = a a[2] = 5 print(a) # [2, 3, 5] print(b) # [2, 3, 5]

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஋ܕͷίϨΫγϣϯʢ Swi% ʣ // Swift var a = [2, 3, 4] var b = a a[2] = 5 print(a) // [2, 3, 5] print(b) // [2, 3, 4]

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Swi$ ͷ஋ܕ × SWIFT QUEST

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஋ܕ͸↓ͷ͍͍ͱ͜ͲΓ ϛϡʔλϒϧΫϥε ΠϛϡʔλϒϧΫϥε

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ϛϡʔλϒϧΫϥε class Character { let name: String // ໊લ var hp: Int // ̝̥ var mp: Int // ̢̥ let attack: Int // ߈ܸྗ let defense: Int // ๷ޚྗ ... }

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༐ऀ let hero = Character( name: "Ώ͏͠Ό", hp: 153, mp: 25, attack: 162, defense: 97 )

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ϛϡʔλϒϧΫϥε let hero = Character(name: "Ώ͏͠Ό", ...) let archfiend = Character(name: "·͓͏", ...) print("\(archfiend.name)ͷ͜͏͖͛ɻ") let damage = (archfiend.attack - hero.defense) / 2 hero.hp -= damage print("\(hero.name)ʹ\(damage)ͷμϝʔδʂ")

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ϛϡʔλϒϧΫϥε class Character { let name: String // ໊લ var hp: Int // ̝̥ var mp: Int // ̢̥ let attack: Int // ߈ܸྗ let defense: Int // ๷ޚྗ ... }

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ΠϛϡʔλϒϧΫϥε class Character { let name: String // ໊લ let hp: Int // ̝̥ let mp: Int // ̢̥ let attack: Int // ߈ܸྗ let defense: Int // ๷ޚྗ ... }

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ΠϛϡʔλϒϧΫϥε var hero = Character(name: "Ώ͏͠Ό", ...) var archfiend = Character(name: "·͓͏", ...) print("\(archfiend.name)ͷ͜͏͖͛ɻ") let damage = (archfiend.attack - hero.defense) / 2 hero = Character( name: hero.name, hp: hero.hp - damage, mp: hero.mp, attack: hero.attack, defense: hero.defense ) print("\(hero.name)ʹ\(damage)ͷμϝʔδʂ")

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ΠϛϡʔλϒϧΫϥε class Character { let name: String // ໊લ let hp: Int // ̝̥ let mp: Int // ̢̥ let attack: Int // ߈ܸྗ let defense: Int // ๷ޚྗ ... }

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஋ܕʢ struct ʣ struct Character { let name: String // ໊લ var hp: Int // ̝̥ var mp: Int // ̢̥ let attack: Int // ߈ܸྗ let defense: Int // ๷ޚྗ ... }

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஋ܕʢ struct ʣ var hero = Character(name: "Ώ͏͠Ό", ...) var archfiend = Character(name: "·͓͏", ...) print("\(archfiend.name)ͷ͜͏͖͛ɻ") let damage = (archfiend.attack - hero.defense) / 2 hero.hp -= damage print("\(hero.name)ʹ\(damage)ͷμϝʔδʂ")

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ϛϡʔλϒϧΫϥε func performAttack(by character: Character, to target: Character) { print("\(character.name)ͷ͜͏͖͛ɻ") let damage = (character.attack - target.defense) / 2 target.hp -= damage print("\(target.name)ʹ\(damage)ͷμϝʔδʂ") print() } performAttack(by: hero, to: archfiend) performAttack(by: archfiend, to: hero)

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ΠϛϡʔλϒϧΫϥε // লུ

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஋ܕʢ struct ʣ func performAttack(by character: Character, to target: Character) -> Character { var target = target print("\(character.name)ͷ͜͏͖͛ɻ") let damage = (character.attack - target.defense) / 2 target.hp -= damage print("\(target.name)ʹ\(damage)ͷμϝʔδʂ") print() return target } archfiend = performAttack(by: hero, to: archfiend) hero = performAttack(by: archfiend, to: hero)

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஋ܕʢ struct ʣ func performAttack(by character: Character, to target: inout Character) { print("\(character.name)ͷ͜͏͖͛ɻ") let damage = (character.attack - target.defense) / 2 target.hp -= damage print("\(target.name)ʹ\(damage)ͷμϝʔδʂ") print() } performAttack(by: hero, to: &archfiend) performAttack(by: archfiend, to: &hero)

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ϛϡʔλϒϧΫϥε class Party { let members: [Character] ... }

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ϛϡʔλϒϧΫϥε let friendParty = Party(members: [...]) let enemyParty = Party(members: [...]) for character in friendParty.members { performAttack(by: character, to: any(of: enemyParty.members)!) // } for character in enemyParty.members { performAttack(by: character, to: any(of: friendParty.members)!) // }

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஋ܕʢ struct ʣ var friendParty = Party(members: [...]) var enemyParty = Party(members: [...]) for character in friendParty.members { performAttack(by: character, to: &any(of: enemyParty.members)!) // } for character in enemyParty.members { performAttack(by: character, to: &any(of: friendParty.members)!) // }

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॓୊ ஋ܕͰεϚʔτʹॻ͘ʹ͸Ͳ͏͢Ε͹Α͍Ͱ͠ΐ͏ʁ // ϛϡʔλϒϧΫϥε performAttack(by: character, to: any(of: friendParty.members)!) // // ஋ܕʢ struct ʣ performAttack(by: character, to: &any(of: enemyParty.members)!) // h"ps:/ /git.io/vx7jW

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