Level Up with Android Build Variants

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Why do I care? ● It’d be nice to build multiple variants of an Android app from a single code base ● Common variants include: ○ debug/release ○ free/paid ○ dev/staging/production

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With Eclipse and Ant ● Code base contained in library project ● Needed an additional project for each variant which referenced library project

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With Android Studio and Gradle ● All contained in single project ● Define Build Types and Product Flavours in build.gradle file ● Create src directories to hold code specific to each build type/flavour

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Build Types ● Define how to build and package your app ● debug and release build types created by default ● Can create your own

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signingConfigs { release { storeFile file( 'release.keystore' ) storePassword 'verysecurepassw0rd' keyAlias 'release' keyPassword 'verysecurepassw0rd' } } buildTypes { release { minifyEnabled true shrinkResources true proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile( 'proguard-android.txt' ), 'proguard-rules.pro' signingConfig signingConfigs.release } debug{ applicationIdSuffix ".debug" signingConfig null } }

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Product Flavours ● Provide alternative code, resources or configuration ● Examples: ○ Different API endpoints for dev/staging/production environment ○ Free/paid version

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Free / Paid ● Provide alternative resources and code by creating flavour directory ● Gradle creates combination of each Build Type and Product Flavour

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productFlavors{ free{ applicationId "com.physphil.android.sandbox.free" } paid{ applicationId "com.physphil.android.sandbox.pro" } } } dependencies { compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar']) compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:22.2.1' compile 'de.greenrobot:eventbus:2.4.0' // Only full version requires network calls paidCompile 'com.squareup.retrofit:retrofit:1.9.0' paidCompile 'com.squareup.okhttp:okhttp:2.2.0' }

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Free / Paid

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Dev / Staging / Production ● Define flavour for each server environment ● Store API base URL in a Config class ● Create directory in src for each flavour, which contains an instance of Config

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buildTypes { release { minifyEnabled true shrinkResources true proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile( 'proguard-android.txt' ), 'proguard-rules.pro' signingConfig signingConfigs.release } debug { applicationIdSuffix ".debug" signingConfig null } } productFlavors { dev staging production }

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That’s Not All! ● Modify more build parameters ● Include libraries, code, Activities etc only when required ● Lots of examples in official docs

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Additional Resources ● http://tools.android.com/tech-docs/new-build- system/user-guide ● https://developer.android. com/tools/building/configuring-gradle.html ● http://www.vogella. com/tutorials/AndroidBuild/article.html

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Questions?