Extending Rails for Real World App Development

by Akira Matsuda

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ຖ೔ͷ։ൃʹ໾ཱͭ RailsϓϥάΠϯ  ͮ͘Γͷൿ݃ @a_matsuda

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࠷ॳʹ͓஌Βͤ 3ͭ

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RubyKaigiͷLTͷϓϩϙʔβϧड෇தʂ ໌ޙ೔·Ͱʂ

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RejectKaigiͷϓϩϙʔβϧ΋ืूதʂ ࠓ݄͍ͬͺ͍ʂ

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Asakusa.rb Ֆݟ΍Γ·͢ʂ  དྷिͷ౔༵೔ʂ

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ࠓ೔࿩͢͜ͱ ൺֱత࠷ۙ࡞ͬͨgemͷ࿩ ͋Δ͍͸ ਓ͸ͳͥgemΛ࡞Δͷ͔

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ࠓ೔࿩͢͜ͱ ͦΕ͔Βɺ

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ࠓ೔࿩͢͜ͱ ςετίʔυ͕։ൃΛ  υϥΠϒ͢Δ࿩

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ࠓ೔࿩͞ͳ͍͜ͱ action_args active_decorator database_rewinder gem_src i18n_generators jb kaminari motorhead rfd stateful_enum string_template traceroute ...

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Question

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Կ͔࣮༻ϨϕϧͷgemΛࣗ෼Ͱ࡞ͬͯ  ϦϦʔεͯ͠Έͨ͜ͱ͕͋Δਓ ✋

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͍·खΛڍ͛ͯͳ͍ਓͨͪʹ  ݴ͍͍ͨ

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Why Don't You Create  Your Own Gems?

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ͳͥgemΛ࡞Βͳ͍ͷ͔ʁ ·ͨ͸ɺਓ͸ͳͥgemΛ  ࡞Δͷ͔ʁ

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๻ͷ৔߹͸ɺ΄΅100%  ʮݱ৔ͷ໰୊Λղܾ͢ΔͨΊʯ

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Case #1

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ݱ৔ͷ໰୊ ςετ͸΋ͪΖΜॻ͔ͳͬͪ͘Ό͋  ͍͚ͳ͍ Ͱ΋E2Eςετॻ͘ͷΊΜͲ͍ ߲໨͕૿͖͑ͯͨΓ͢ΔͱͭΒ͍

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͖͔͚ͬ

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͖͔͚ͬ

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͖͔͚ͬ ৽نϓϩδΣΫτΛ࢝ΊΔʹ͋ͨͬͯɺ E2Eςετͱ͔͋Μ·Γॻ͍ͨ͜ͱ  ͳ͍͍ͬͯ͏ए͍ϝϯόʔ΋ډͨ ୭Ͱ΋ςετ͕αΫαΫͬͱॻ͚Δͱ  ͍͍ͳ͊ɺͱࢥͬͯ࡞ͬͯΈͨ

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heavens_door

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͜ͷgemΛ࡞Δʹ͋ͨͬͯ  ؾΛ͚ͭͨ͜ͱ ͱʹ͔͘୯ػೳʹ͢Δ

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ϒϥ΢βͷૢ࡞Λه࿥ͯ͠Capybaraͷ γφϦΦΛ࡞ΔϓϥάΠϯ ͘͢͝௚ײత

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࢖͍ํ͸READMEʹషͬͨΞχϝgifΛ ݟΕ͹͙͢Θ͔ΔͷͰɺઆ໌͸লུ

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heavens_door https:/ /github.com/ amatsuda/heavens_door

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ͱ͜ΖͰɺ

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͝هԱͷํ΋Կ໊͔͍Βͬ͠Όͬͨ Α͏Ͱ͕͢ɺ

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࣮͸ɺ͜ͷίϯηϓτ͸શવ  ৽͘͠ͳͯ͘ɺ

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͸Δ͔ੲʹhocus_pocusͰ  Ұ౓΍ͬͨ͜ͱͷম͖௚͠

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Case #2

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hocus_pocus ྺ࢙ͷڱؒʹຒ΋ΕͨΦʔύʔπ ௒ଟػೳͳϒϥ΢β಺౷߹։ൃ  ؀ڥΈ͍ͨͳ΋ͷΛ໨ࢦͨ͠

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͜Ε͸ɺԿ͔ղܾ͍ͨ͠໰୊͕͋ͬͨͱ͍͏ΑΓ͸ɺ ࡞Εͦ͏ͳؾ͕͔ͨ͠Β࡞Γ࢝ΊͯΈͨɺͱ͍͏ײ͡

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hocus_pocusͷߏ଄ main_appʹmount͞Εͨhocus_pocus  Τϯδϯ͕͞Βʹ4ͭͷαϒmountable engine Λmountͯ͠Δͱ͍͏ແବʹෳࡶͳߏ੒ ౰࣌ੈքॳͩͬͨ͸ͣͩ͠ɺͨͿΜະͩʹ  ͦΜͳengine͸ଞʹແ͍ͷͰ͸ͳ͍͔

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hocus_pocusͷࢥ૝ "resource missing" driven development ϖʔδ಺ʹWikiNameΛॻ͍ͨΒɺ  ৽͍͠Wikiϖʔδ΁ͷϦϯΫʹͳͬͯ͘  ͋ͷײ͡

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ͱ͔2019೥ʹݴͬͯ΋ɺ͋Μ·Γ  ఻ΘΒͳͦ͏ͳͷͰ

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͓Αͦ7೥ͿΓʹDEMO

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7೥લ

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hocus_pocus https:/ /github.com/ amatsuda/hocus_pocus

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9೥લʹ࡞Γ࢝Ίͨ΍ͭ ·ͬͨ͘ྲྀߦΒͳ͔ͬͨ ͱ͍͏͔׬੒͢Β͠ͳ͔ͬͨ

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hocus_pocusͷͦͷޙ ૖େͳߏ૝͸৭ʑ͚͋ͬͨͲɺ  ΍Δؾ͕࣋ଓͤͣʹdiscon

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΋͏ͪΐ͍׬੒౓͕ߴ͘ͳͬͨΒυΩϡϝϯτ  ͱ͔΋ͪΌΜͱॻ͜͏ɺͱࢥͬͯͨ ͚ͲɺͦΜͳ೔͸དྷͳ͔ͬͨ

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͔͜͜Βಘͨڭ܇ ݱ৔ͷ໰୊υϦϒϯ͡Όͳ͍झຯͷ։ൃ͸Ϟνϕʔ γϣϯͷҡ͕࣋೉͍͠ খ͘͞࡞ͬͯૣΊʹϦϦʔεɺ͕΍ͬͺΓେࣄ υΩϡϝϯςʔγϣϯେࣄ ͦ΋ͦ΋࢖͍ํ͕೉͗͢͠Δπʔϧ͸࢖ͬͯ΋Β͑  ͳ͍

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খ͘͞࡞ͬͯૣΊʹϦϦʔεɺ  ͕΍ͬͺΓେࣄ ࢥ͍͍ͭͨΞΠσΞ͸͙͢ʹ࣮૷ Ͱ͖ΔαΠζ͡Όͳ͍ͱɺͳΜ ͔ͩͬͨ๨ΕΔ

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υΩϡϝϯςʔγϣϯ େ࡞ͳgem͸υΩϡϝϯτΛॻ͘  োน͕ߴ͍ ͦ͏͍͏ҙຯͰ΋ػೳ͸গͳ͍  ΄͏͕ྑ͍

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ͦ΋ͦ΋࢖͍ํ͕೉͗͢͠Δπʔϧ ͸࢖ͬͯ΋Β͑ͳ͍ ίϯηϓτ͕ಛघͩͬͨΓ͢Δ ͱɺ఻ΘΒͣʹऴΘΔ

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hocus_pocusͰͷࣦഊΛ׆͔ͯ͠ heavens_doorͰ΍ͬͯΈͨ͜ͱ

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Ξχϝgif

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Ξχϝgif͍͢͝

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ʮݴ༿ʯͰͳ͘ʮ৺ʯͰ  ཧղͰ͖Δʂ

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Ͱ΋ɺ͜ͷϝιου͕ద༻Ͱ͖ΔRuby ͷϥΠϒϥϦ͸ͦΜͳʹଟ͘ͳ͍͔΋ʁ ࣮ࡍɺࣗ෼͕࡞ͬͨଞͷϥΠϒϥϦͰ͜ͷϝιου  ͕׆༻Ͱ͖Δ͔Ͳ͏͔ߟ͑ͯΈ͚ͨͲɺ࣮ࡍͳ͔ͳ͔  νϟϯε͸ͳͦ͞͏ ͯͳΘ͚ͰɺRubyͷϥΠϒϥϦΑΓ΋JSͱ͔ͷ  ϥΠϒϥϦͷํ͕⭐ΛूΊ΍ͦ͢͏ɺ͍ͬͯ͏࿩͸  ͋ΔΜͩΑͳ͊

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ͱ͜ΖͰɺ͜ͷϒϥ΢β಺ͰΞϓϦ Λ։ൃ͍ͯ͘͠ͱ͍͏ίϯηϓτ 2019೥ʹͳͬͯɺ͋ͷ”conductor”͕ ੝Γ্͕ΓΛݟͤΔػӡ ͜Ε͔Β·ͩ·ͩՄೳੑͷ͋Δ෼໺  ͳͷͰ͸

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ͦ͜Ͱɺϒϥ΢βͰԿ͔͢Δ΍ͭΛ  ΋͏1ͭ

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Case #3

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ݱ৔ͷ໰୊ ERਤ͕ݟ͍ͨʂ

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ݱ৔ͰERਤݟ͍ͨͰ͢ΑͶʁ ͨͱ͑͹ͪΐͬͱΤϯλʔϓϥΠ ζͬΆ͍Ҋ݅ʹ్த͔Βࢀըͨ͠ ࣌ͱ͔

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ͦ͜Ͱerd RailsΞϓϦʹmountͯ͠࢖͏ engine ਌ΞϓϦͷERਤΛϒϥ΢β಺ʹදࣔ ͍ͭͰʹૢ࡞

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ૢ࡞ʁ create tableͱ͔alter tableͱ͔ migrationΛ࡞੒ɺ࣮ߦ migrationͷॻ͖ํΛ֮͑ΒΕͳ͍/ࢥ͍ग़ͤͳ͍  ਓʹ͓͢͢Ί migration ͕ʮݴ༿ʯͰͳ͘ʮ৺ʯͰ(ry

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DEMO

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Status of erd ͥΜͥΜະ׬੒ UI͕͍Ζ͍ΖϏϛϣʔ ΋ͬͱϒϥογϡΞοϓ͍ͨ͠ؾ࣋ͪ͸͋Δ͚ͲJSॻ͘ͷ  ͠ΜͲ͍ coﬀeeͰࡶʹॻ͍ͯdecafͨ͠ίʔυ͕΋͸΍ϝϯςෆೳϨϕϧ ୭͔JS͕ಘҙͳํɺॿ͚͍ͯͩ͘͞ʂʂʂʂ(੾࣮)

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erd https:/ /github.com/ amatsuda/erd

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ͯ͞ɺ࿩͸มΘͬͯɺϒϥ΢β্ͰΤϯϓϥ  ͬΆ͍ਤΛදࣔ͢ΔengineΛ΋͏1ͭ

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Case #4

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ݱ৔ͷ໰୊ ࠓ౓͸ը໘ભҠਤ͕ݟ͍ͨʂ

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͜Ε΋ݱ৔ͷ੾࣮ͳ໰୊ routes.rb ΛݟΕ͹Ϧιʔεͷ  Ұཡ͸Θ͔Δ Ͱ΋ͭͳ͕Γ͸ݟ͑ͳ͍

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΍ͬͺը໘ભҠਤ

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ίϯηϓτ ը໘ભҠਤͬͯੲ͸ΈΜͳखඳ͖ ͯͨ͠΋ͷ͚ͩͲɺߟ͑ͯΈͨΒ ͜Εͬͯੜ੒Ͱ͖ΔΜ͡Όͳ͍ ͔ʁ

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roundabout

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DEMO

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΍ͬͯΔ͜ͱ E2Eςετ಺Ͱ࣮ߦ͞Εͨը໘  ભҠΛશͯه࿥ ͦͷ݁ՌΛਤࣔ

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͜Ε͕ԿΛද͍ͯ͠Δͷ͔ ࣮ࡍʹ࣮૷͞Εͯͯςετ͞Εͯ ͍Δը໘ભҠΛه࿥ ͨͩͷ routes.rb ͷਤࣔͱ͸ҧ͏

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ςετ͕ͪΌΜͱॻ͔Ε͍ͯΔ͔ͷ ֬ೝʹͳΔ ͋ΔҙຯΧόϨοδͷදࣔͷҰछ ͷΑ͏ͳ΋ͷͱݴ͑Δ͔΋

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͜ͷgemͷΑ͞ ॻ͍ͨςετ͕ܗΛม͑ͨࢿ࢈ʹ ͳΔͷ͕Α͍

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࣍͸΋͏1ͭɺςετࢿ࢈Λ׆͔͢΍ͭ Λ͝঺հ

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Case #5

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ݱ৔ͷ໰୊ RailsΞοϓάϨʔυͰσάϨ  ͨ͘͠ͳ͍

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still_life

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still_lifeͰͰ͖Δ͜ͱ ςετΛ૸Βͤͨࡍʹɺςετத ʹrender͞ΕͨHTMLΛશ෦  ϑΝΠϧʹॻ͖ग़͢

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͍͢͝ྗٕͳϓϥάΠϯ

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໨త ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯίʔυͷॻ͖׵͑  લޙʹɺϢʔβʔʹಧ͚͍ͯΔ΋ͷ ͕มԽ͍ͯ͠ͳ͍͜ͱΛ֬ೝͰ͖Δ

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ಛ௃ ը໘Λ౿ΜͰճΔ͚ͩͰྑͯ͘ɺ ΞαʔγϣϯΛॻ͔ͳͯ͘ྑ͍  ͷͰָνϯ

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Ͳ͏͍͏࣌ʹ࢖͏ͷ͔ ಛʹRailsͷΞοϓάϨʔυ͕  ૝ఆ༻్ Ұൠతʹ֤छϦϑΝΫλϦϯάͷ ࢧԉʹͳΔ͸ͣ

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ͦ΋ͦ΋ͷݩωλ 2011೥ʹɺΫοΫύουͷRails ͷόʔδϣϯΛ্͛Δ࣌ʹηίϯ ͞Μ͕ॻ͖ࣺͯͨεΫϦϓτ

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https:/ /speakerdeck.com/a_matsuda/the-recipe- for-the-worlds-largest-rails-monolith?slide=129

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cookpad

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·͞ʹݱ৔ͷ໰୊Λత֬ʹղܾ͢Δ ৬ਓٕ

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gemԽʹ͋ͨͬͯɺҎԼͷશ໘αϙʔτ  Λ௥Ճ Capybara 3 RSpec 3 test-unit minitest

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օ͞Μͷݱ৔Ͱ΋΋͏͖͡ Rails 5.2 -> 6.0 ͷΞοϓάϨʔυۀ͕࢝·Δͱࢥ͍·͕͢ɺ ͔ͳΓ༗༻͔΋͠Εͳ͍ͷͰɺ  Ͳ͏ͧ͝׆༻͍ͩ͘͞

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ͱ͜ΖͰɺ͜ͷϥΠϒϥϦͷओͳೳྗ͸  ΞϓϦΛ͜͡։͚ͯಈ࡞Λه࿥͢Δελϯυ ͜ͷೳྗͬͯɺ͜Εͦ͜  "heavens_door" ͡Ό͋Ͷ͔͑ʂ

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ͱࢥ͚ͬͨͲɺͦͷ໊લͷgem͸طʹ औΒΕͯ͠·͍ͬͯͨͷͰ͋ͬͨ

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໊લॏཁ gemͷ໊લ͚ͭΔͷ೉͍͠……

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͜ΕΛ8೥ӽ͠ͰgemԽ͖͔͚ͨͬ͠ ࣗ࡞ςϯϓϨʔτΤϯδϯͷಈ࡞ݕূͷ ͨΊʹཉ͘͠ͳͬͨ ๭ΠϯλʔωοτՈܭ฽ͷRailsΞοϓ άϨʔυͷࡍʹ͜ΕͷଘࡏΛࢥ͍ग़ͨ͠

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Money Forward

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ʮࣗ࡞ςϯϓϨʔτΤϯδϯʯ

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Case #6

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Himl

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Himl ͖͔͚ͬ͸ɺӬ࿨γεςϜϚωδ ϝϯτͰຖ݄΍ͬͯΔOSSύον ձ

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ͷ͋ͱͷҿΈձ

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Ӭ࿨γεςϜϚωδϝϯτ

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kamipo͞Μͷ۪ஒ kamipo: ձࣾͰHaml࢖ͬͯΔ͚ͲɺHaml ͱ͔Slimͱ͔จ๏͕Ṗ֮͗ͯ͑͢ΒΕ΁Μ ΘɻERBͰྑ͘ͳ͍ʁ me: ͍΍ʔɺHaml௒͍͍ͬ͢ΑɻERBʹ໭ Δͱ͔ϜϦϜϦɻ

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͔͠͠ɺ͋ΒͨΊͯɺHamlͷྑͬͯ͞ ͳΜͩΖ͏ʁ ͔֬ʹɺ͋ͷه߸ͨͪΛۦ࢖ͨ͠จ๏ࣗମ ͸Hamlͷྑ͞ͷຊ࣭Ͱ͸ͳ͍͔΋ Hamlͷྑ͞͸ɺλάΛػց͕ดͯ͘͡ΕΔ ͓͔͛ͰɺίϯύΠϧ͞ΕͨHTML͕valid ͳ͜ͱ͕อূ͞ΕΔͱ͜Ζ