HTTP/3 - Speaker Deck

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HTTP/3 HTTP/3 It's All About The Transport! It's All About The Transport! Benoit Jacquemont Benoit Jacquemont @bjacquemont @bjacquemont

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But HTTP/2 Just Came Out!? HTTP/1.1: 1997 - HTTP/2: 2015 - HTTP/3: 2018 (announcement)

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HTTP/3 = HTTP/2 Over QUIC Kwiiiick!

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HTTP/2 = TCP Application Transport HTTP/3 = QUIC

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What's The Problem With TCP?

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Hey, but latency sums up!

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Network Performance Latency & Bandwidth

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Chappe Telegraph A B C D E F Volume of data: 7 bit (92 symbols) Transport: light Speed: 3 symbols per minute

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Chappe Telegraph Performances Latency: 0.003 ms (light delay over 10km) Bandwidth: 0.4 bit/s

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Truck Full Of SSD Transport: 15 TB SSD in a container Volume of data: 3 exabyte, aka 3 millions of TB (200k disks)

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SSD Truck Performances Latency: 40 minutes (30 km at 50 km/h average) Bandwidth: 10 Petabit/s (or 10.000 Tb/s)

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Bandwidth Latency Chappe Telegraph 0.4 bit/s 0.003 ms SSD Truck 10 Pbit/s 40 minutes

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Bandwidth And Latency Evolution Medium Bandwidth Latency 56k modem 40 Kbit/s 150ms ADSL 18 Mbit/s 50ms Optical Fiber 200 Mbit/s 10ms Bandwidth: 5000x Better Latency: 15x Better

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Should I Care About Latency? The 3 Important Time Limits In UX Source: Jakob Nielsen, "Usability Engineering" 1993; Miller 1968 0.1s: instantaneous feeling limit 1s: ow of thought limit 10s: user attention limit Latency Is The #1 Enemy Of Web UX!

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HTTP: A History Of Battle Against Latency

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Hey, It Gets Worse!

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The TLS Handshake

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Initiator Receiver SYN ACK SYN-ACK Client Hello Server Hello Client Key Exchange Server Finished Client Finished HTTP Request HTTP Response TCP TLS HTTP Time

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Introducing QUIC Previously Known As Quick UDP Internet Connections

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QUIC Handshake Initiator Receiver QUIC HELLO QUIC TOKEN QUIC HELLO + TOKEN

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QUIC = Transport And Encryption

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TCP/TLS Vs QUIC

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But Isn't UDP Unreliable? What Was The Point Of TCP, Again?

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But With UDP...

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my important message 1 2 3 4 2 1 4 But With UDP...

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QUIC Takes Care Of The Packets... ...At The Browser/Server Level

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TCP Is Strongly Coupled To The Network Connection

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QUIC Is Loosely Coupled To The Network Connection

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TCP And Head Of Line Blocking

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With Bad Connectivity, HTTP/2 Streams Can Be Worse Than HTTP/1.1 Parallel Connections!

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QUIC Streams Are Independent From Each Other. No HOL Blocking

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HTTP/3: What's In It For Me? HTTP/3 = QUIC HTTP/3 doesn't change HTTP/2 semantics HTTP/3 is mostly a drop-in replacement for HTTP/2 Main (only?) change for web dev: streams priority Code for HTTP/2 and bene t from HTTP/3 when it's out!

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QUIC Challenges

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QUIC Maturity Enabled by default in Chromium since 2013 Enabled on Chrome for Google web servers Ongoing standardisation by IETF 7 November 2018: rst interop connection between LiteSpeed and Facebook tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-quic-http-24

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HTTP/3 Key Takeaways QUIC latency is far better than TCP+TLS HTTP/3 allows HTTP/2 to meet its full potential Final HTTP/3 release date not yet de ned... ... but already battle tested Still a lot of work to make it happen

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Thank You! Questions? For more information: @bjacquemont daniel.haxx.se/http3-explained/ www.chromium.org/quic/