LXD System Containers [en]

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Christoph Lühr @chluehr / bePHPug 2017-03-07 LXD System Containers

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Unicode Character 'HAPPY PERSON RAISING ONE HAND' (U+1F64B)

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Hosting?

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Testing?

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Live Testing?

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OS Updates?

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Deployments?

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Load Balancing?

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SIN CE 2000

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Image source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/robby_van_moor/5702589201/ CC BY-ND 2.0

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(#) Internet

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(d|t) Digital Transformation

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pimcore-logo-2016.svg

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pimcore-logo-2016.svg

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System Container?

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System? Container

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Photo: drosen7900 http://www.flickr.com/photos/59691268@N00/26337022226 "The Internet Archive" Via: Photopin License: CC BY-NC-ND-2.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/ SERVER!

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MACHINE CPU, RAM, BIOS/IO ("physical hardware")

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LINUX / OS Kernel + Userspace (Init, Shells, Tools, Libs)

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APPLICATION PHP, Mysql, Redis, ... (Daemons, Services & Code)

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APPLICATION OS KERNEL MACHINE Server Machine "Bare Metal"

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Virtualization

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VirtualBox XEN LXD Docker

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APPLICATION OS KERNEL MACHINE H VirtualBox "Hardware Virtualization"

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XEN "Paravirtualization" APPLICATION OS KERNEL MACHINE

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APPLICATION OS KERNEL MACHINE LXD "System Container"

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APP APP APP LIB LIB LIB KERNEL MACHINE Docker "Application Container"

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LXD

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http://design.ubuntu.com/brand/canonical-logo

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Features ● Images ● Instant Snapshots ● Remotes, Transfer ● Space efficient ● Disc- / Ram- / CPU Efficiency!

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LXC CLI LXD Daemon LXC / Net.-Bridge ZFS LXD Components / Architecture

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C:\>_ LXD Operations LXC local Commands

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Create Container lxc launch ubuntu:16.04 my-container

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List Containers lxc list

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Start Container lxc start my-container

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Stop Container lxc stop my-container

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Execute (in) Container lxc exec my-container my-cmd

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Copy Container lxc copy my-container new-con

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Rename Container lxc move my-container mynewname

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Destroy Container lxc delete my-container

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Snapshots Points in Time Icon made by Madebyoliver from www.flaticon.com is licensed by CC 3.0 BY

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Create Snapshot lxc snapshot my-container or lxc snapshot my-container my-snap

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Delete Snapshot lxc delete my-container/snapshot

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Restore Snapshot lxc restore my-container snapshot

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Create from Snapshot lxc copy my-container/my-snap \ new-container

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Space Requirements Icon made by Freepik from www.flaticon.com is licensed by CC 3.0 BY

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Icon made by Freepik from www.flaticon.com is licensed by CC 3.0 BY 1 LXD Container = 1 GB

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= ? GB Icon made by Freepik from www.flaticon.com is licensed by CC 3.0 BY

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= ~1 GB! Icon made by Freepik from www.flaticon.com is licensed by CC 3.0 BY

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ZFS Copy - on - Write

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ZFS Copy - on - Write

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Remotes Image source: http://www.iconarchive.com/show/ios7-icons-by-icons8/Network-Remote-Control-icon.html

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Start remote Container lxc start my-remote:my-container

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All CLI remotely! lxc xxxxx my-remote:my-container

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Copy to Remote lxc copy my-container/my-snap \ my-remote:

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Recap: Container Spec. remote:my-container/my-snap

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Demo https://linuxcontainers.org/lxd/try-it/

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HOSTING

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HTTP Proxies Exposing Containers

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Nginx Proxy HTTP Requests LXD Host LXD Container NGINX HTTP Proxy Apache / PHP

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server { listen 80; server_name www.website.de; location / { proxy_pass http://10.1.1.264:80; client_max_body_size 100M; proxy_connect_timeout 300; proxy_send_timeout 300; proxy_read_timeout 300; send_timeout 300; } }

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NginX Proxy HTTP Requests LXD Host LXD Container A NGINX HTTP Proxy Apache / PHP LXD Container B Apache / PHP

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Deployment Strategy blue-green

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Deployment Strategy blue-green LXD Host LXD Container A NGINX HTTP Proxy Apache / PHP

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Deployment Strategy blue-green LXD Host LXD Container A NGINX HTTP Proxy Apache / PHP Snapshot copy of A

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Deployment Strategy blue-green LXD Host LXD Container A NGINX HTTP Proxy Apache / PHP LXD Container B Apache / PHP Testing

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server { listen 80; server_name www.website.de; set $host_blue 10.31.1.199; set $host_green 10.31.1.4; set $upstream $host_green; # default! if ($http_x_debug = "green") { set $upstream $host_green; } if ($http_x_debug = "blue") { set $upstream $host_blue; } location / { proxy_pass http://$upstream:80; } }

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Deployment Strategy blue-green LXD Host LXD Container B NGINX HTTP Proxy Apache / PHP LXD Container A Destroyed

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Deployment Strategy blue-green LXD Host LXD Container B NGINX HTTP Proxy Apache / PHP

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Image source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/rietje/76566707/ CC BY 2.0

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Features ● VPCs: Networking / Bridges / ... ● cgroups (...): Limiting Ressources ● Live (State) Migration (experimental) ● Nesting: Docker within LXD Containers ● Setup: Modern Kernel Features required ● OpenStack: Nodes

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LXD System Containers: Lean & Fast, support Snapshots & Remotes & Transfers

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Thanks! Questions? Christoph Lühr [email protected] [email protected] @chluehr Slides license Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

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Links & References ● LXD https://linuxcontainers.org/lxd/