Slide 1
Slide 1 text
@brucel
§
Slide 2
Slide 2 text
@brucel
Loveliness!
• More performant
• More accessible
• More robust
• Less code to write
• Less code to test
• More time in the pub
Slide 3
Slide 3 text
@brucel
TL; DR
• Use HTML properly
• Write more HTML
• Write less JavaScript
• Built-in beats Bolt-on. Bigly.
Slide 4
Slide 4 text
@brucel
Slide 5
Slide 5 text
@brucel
Slide 6
Slide 6 text
@brucel
Slide 7
Slide 7 text
@brucel
Slide 8
Slide 8 text
@brucel
• Picture of TBL “web developer”
Slide 9
Slide 9 text
Seren
Slide 10
Slide 10 text
@brucel
http://info.cern.ch/hypertext/WWW/TheProject.html
Slide 11
Slide 11 text
@brucel
Slide 12
Slide 12 text
@brucel
We broke it
• fixed width
• bad contrast, fonts, colours
• pixel-perfect layout
• lack of captions for videos
• lack of keyboard accessibility
• removing focus indicator
Slide 13
Slide 13 text
@brucel
The Raw Materials
Slide 14
Slide 14 text
@brucel
b
• web comping
Slide 15
Slide 15 text
@brucel
HTML is declarative
Click Me!
Slide 16
Slide 16 text
@brucel
HTML is fault-tolerant
OMG you’re having a seizure
Slide 18
Slide 18 text
@brucel
Paving a cowpath
Slide 19
Slide 19 text
@brucel
Slide 20
Slide 20 text
@brucel
JavaScript is NOT declarative
Imperative programming focuses on describing how a
program operates.
The term is often used in contrast to declarative
programming, which focuses on what the program should
accomplish without specifying how the program should
achieve the result.
Slide 21
Slide 21 text
@brucel
Principle of Least Power
The choice of language is a common design choice.
The low power end of the scale is typically simpler to
design, implement and use, but the high power end of
the scale has all the attraction of being an open-ended
hook into which anything can be placed: a door to
uses bounded only by the imagination of the
programmer.
Sir Uncle Timbo https://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/Principles.html#PLP
“
Slide 22
Slide 22 text
@brucel
Slide 23
Slide 23 text
No content
Slide 24
Slide 24 text
No content
Slide 25
Slide 25 text
https://kryogenix.org/code/browser/everyonehasjs.html
Slide 26
Slide 26 text
https://twitter.com/dracos/status/1251836594509791232
Slide 27
Slide 27 text
No content
Slide 28
Slide 28 text
No content
Slide 29
Slide 29 text
No content
Slide 30
Slide 30 text
No content
Slide 31
Slide 31 text
@brucel
Oooh demo
Slide 32
Slide 32 text
@brucel
Wooooh code
blah blah blah
blah blah blah
Slide 33
Slide 33 text
@brucel
Click me (if you can!)
• Remember to set ARIA role (in HTML or JS)
• Remember to manage focusability
• Remember to listen for the correct keypresses
Slide 34
Slide 34 text
@brucel
Slide 35
Slide 35 text
@brucel
div
“The div element has no special meaning at all.
Authors are strongly encouraged to view the div element as
an element of last resort, for when no other element is
suitable. Use of more appropriate elements instead of
the div element leads to better accessibility for readers and
easier maintainability for authors.”
Slide 36
Slide 36 text
@brucel
Slide 37
Slide 37 text
@brucel
Screen reader users
webaim.org/projects/screenreadersurvey5/ - used by kind permission
Slide 38
Slide 38 text
@brucel
“Structured data”
When you add markup to your content, you help search
engines understand the different components of a page.
When Google's systems understand your page more clearly,
Google Search can surface content through the cool features
discussed in this post, which can enhance the user
experience and get you more traffic.
https://webmasters.googleblog.com/2019/04/enriching-search-results-structured-data.html
Slide 39
Slide 39 text
@brucel
ooooh $$$$
• Eventbrite leveraged event structured data and saw 100%
increase in the typical YOY growth of traffic from
search.
• Jobrapido integrated with the job experience on Google
Search and saw 115% increase in organic traffic, 270%
increase of new user registrations from organic traffic,
and 15% lower bounce rate for Google visitors to job
pages.
• Rakuten used the recipe search experience and saw a 2.7X
increase in traffic from search engines and a 1.5X
increase in session duration.
Slide 40
Slide 40 text
@brucel
The HTML Treasure Hunt
...Slide 41
Slide 41 text
@brucel
Slide 42
Slide 42 text
@brucel
Slide 43
Slide 43 text
@brucel
Slide 44
Slide 44 text
@brucel
Slide 45
Slide 45 text
@brucel
Accessibility is part of Usability
“high conformance with web
accessibility guidelines may
provide benefits to users
without disabilities.”
Slide 46
Slide 46 text
@brucel
Schmutz, Sonderegger and Sauer
• Sixty-one participants without disabilities used one of three
websites differing in levels of accessibility
• A high level of web accessibility led to better performance (i.e.,
task completion time and task completion rate) than low or very
low accessibility.
• Likewise, high web accessibility improved user ratings (i.e.,
perceived usability, aesthetics, workload and trustworthiness)
compared to low or very low web accessibility.
Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
www.unifr.ch/psycho/assets/files/KogErg/SchmutzSondereggerSauer2016.pdf
Slide 47
Slide 47 text
@brucel
Slide 48
Slide 48 text
@brucel
https://twitter.com/goodwitch/status/1106231135443410944
Slide 49
Slide 49 text
@brucel
Slide 50
Slide 50 text
@brucel
• Picture of TBL “web developer”
Slide 51
Slide 51 text
@brucel
Sir Uncle Timbo:
The web is for everyone and collectively we
hold the power to change it. It won’t be easy.
But if we dream a little and work a lot, we
can get the web we want.
https://webfoundation.org/2019/03/web-birthday-30/
Slide 52
Slide 52 text
@brucel
What can you do?
Learn the semantics of HTML. There are 120(ish) elements, that’s all!
Slide 53
Slide 53 text
@brucel
Most 2-year-olds can say about 100 words.
Slide 54
Slide 54 text
@brucel
By the time your toddler is 2 1/2, she'll probably know close to 300
Slide 55
Slide 55 text
@brucel
Slide 56
Slide 56 text
@brucel
What can you do?
• Learn the semantics of HTML. There are 120(ish) elements, that’s all!
• Run automated tests and go for low-hanging fruit, e.g. colour contrast
Slide 57
Slide 57 text
@brucel
98% of top million pages have errors
https://webaim.org/projects/million/
Slide 58
Slide 58 text
@brucel
https://ada.is/contrast-widget/
Slide 59
Slide 59 text
@brucel
What can you do?
• Learn the semantics of HTML. There are 120(ish) elements, that’s all!
• Run automated tests and go for low-hanging fruit, e.g. colour contrast
• Use HTML (and CSS) wherever possible.
• Make sites that work without JavaScript, then enhance with JS.
• Choose your libraries carefully.
Slide 60
Slide 60 text
@brucel
tenon-ui.info
Bruce Approved!
Slide 61
Slide 61 text
@brucel
react-bootstrap
https://react-bootstrap.github.io/components/navs/
Slide 62
Slide 62 text
@brucel
What no ?
Bruce rejected.
Slide 63
Slide 63 text
@brucel
React
• Design System of Australian Government
https://designsystem.gov.au/components/
• Reakit “strictly follows WAI-ARIA 1.1 standards. All
components come with proper attributes and keyboard
interactions out of the box”
• Reach UI “is tested with Safari + VoiceOver, Firefox +
NVDA, and Edge + JAWS. As the project matures we’ll get
it audited by WebAIM to ensure that if you pick Reach UI,
your app has a solid, accessible foundation.”
Slide 64
Slide 64 text
@brucel
Others
• Vuetensils “Follows WAI-ARIA authoring practices for
accessibility baked in; semantics, ARIA attributes, roles,
etc.”
• Tournant UI and Vue a11y are small but growing.
• Lion is a white-label, open-source, framework-agnostic
component library from ING Bank:
https://github.com/ing-bank/lion/
Slide 65
Slide 65 text
@brucel
Slide 66
Slide 66 text
@brucel
Slide 67
Slide 67 text
@brucel
“Developer Experience” Bait-and-Switch
We cannot continue to use as much JavaScript as is
now “normal” and expect the web to flourish.
To get this fixed, we need to confront the “developer
experience” bait-and-switch. Tools that cost the
poorest users to pay wealthy developers are bunk.
Alex Russell https://infrequently.org/2018/09/the-developer-experience-bait-and-switch/
“
Slide 68
Slide 68 text
@brucel
500MB data: hours worked
https://360.here.com/2015/06/03/offline-navigation-really-matters-500mb-data-costs-week-wages/
Slide 69
Slide 69 text
@brucel
How To Make Internet Affordable
Even with more phones than ever before, the cost of
Internet is a major obstacle. In Nigeria, the data
needed to watch just 2 minutes of online video a
day can cost more than sending a child to school
for a month.
https://webwewant.org/news/how-to-make-internet-affordable/
“
Slide 70
Slide 70 text
ICT access by population
Total
global population
~7.4 billion
High-speed
internet
1.1 billion
Total
internet users
3.2 billion
Mobile phones
5.2 billion
Within
mobile coverage
7 billion
World Bank: Digital Dividends 2016
Slide 71
Slide 71 text
No content
Slide 72
Slide 72 text
Developing countries are home to 94% of the
global offline population.
“
- State of Connectivity 2014, internet.org
Slide 73
Slide 73 text
Making the internet universally accessible
and affordable should be a global priority.
“
World Bank
Slide 74
Slide 74 text
Courtesy of Hesperian
Slide 75
Slide 75 text
No content
Slide 76
Slide 76 text
No content
Slide 77
Slide 77 text
If you want to liberate a country, give them
the internet.
“
- Wael Ghonim, Egyptian internet activist
Slide 78
Slide 78 text
No content
Slide 79
Slide 79 text
an increase in Internet maturity similar to the
one experienced in mature countries over the
past 5 years creates an increase in real GDP
per capita of $500 on average during this
period.
“
Internet matters
- The Net’s sweeping impact on growth, jobs, and prosperity (McKinsey Global Institute)
Slide 80
Slide 80 text
It took the Industrial Revolution of the 19th
century 50 years to produce the same result.
“
Internet matters
- The Net’s sweeping impact on growth, jobs, and prosperity (McKinsey Global Institute)
Slide 81
Slide 81 text
No content
Slide 82
Slide 82 text
No content
Slide 83
Slide 83 text
@brucel
• [image of a crowd of people - terrible stock
photo?]
Slide 84
Slide 84 text
@brucel
Slide 85
Slide 85 text
@brucel
Slide 86
Slide 86 text
@brucel
Slide 87
Slide 87 text
@brucel
Slide 88
Slide 88 text
@brucel
Slide 89
Slide 89 text
No content
Slide 90
Slide 90 text
THANKS ’N’ SNOGS!
brucelawson.co.uk
@brucel
* Other Bruce Lawsons are available.
** known to cause nausea in some jurisdictions.
Slide 91
Slide 91 text
THANKS ’N’ ELBOW BUMPS!
brucelawson.co.uk
@brucel
* Other Bruce Lawsons are available.
** known to cause nausea in some jurisdictions.