Slide 1
Slide 1 text
SECURING
YOUR
JAVASCRIPT
APPS
Slide 2
Slide 2 text
Node &
Client-side JS
Slide 3
Slide 3 text
@mark_stuart
@mstuart
Slide 4
Slide 4 text
How are you
using JavaScript?
Slide 5
Slide 5 text
Why security?
Slide 6
Slide 6 text
No content
Slide 7
Slide 7 text
No content
Slide 8
Slide 8 text
No content
Slide 9
Slide 9 text
Not just PayPal,
but your company too.
Slide 10
Slide 10 text
No content
Slide 11
Slide 11 text
No content
Slide 12
Slide 12 text
No content
Slide 13
Slide 13 text
Web Security
State of the Union
2014
Slide 14
Slide 14 text
Same vulnerabilities.
Nothing new.
Slide 15
Slide 15 text
ok cya.
Slide 16
Slide 16 text
Node
Slide 17
Slide 17 text
Know what you require()
Rule #1 !
!
!
Slide 18
Slide 18 text
NPM has ~75,000 modules
Slide 19
Slide 19 text
Anyone can publish anything
Slide 20
Slide 20 text
And they can do
some terrible things
Slide 21
Slide 21 text
Use good security defaults
Rule #2 !
!
!
Slide 22
Slide 22 text
Node is a set of
barebones modules
Slide 23
Slide 23 text
HTTP
OS DNS
TLS/SSL
Path
Process
UDP URL
File System Crypto Buffer
Slide 24
Slide 24 text
Express is a
barebones framework
Slide 25
Slide 25 text
Express does very
little to secure your app
Slide 26
Slide 26 text
But, that’s okay!
Slide 27
Slide 27 text
… Drum roll …
Slide 28
Slide 28 text
No content
Slide 29
Slide 29 text
Enterprise-grade
Express
Slide 30
Slide 30 text
Lusca
App Security module for Express
Slide 31
Slide 31 text
var express = require(‘express’),
app = express(),
lusca = require(‘lusca’);
Slide 32
Slide 32 text
app.use(lusca.csrf());
app.use(lusca.csp({ /* ... */ }));
app.use(lusca.hsts({ maxAge: 31536000 });
app.use(lusca.xframe('SAMEORIGIN'));
app.use(lusca.p3p('ABCDEF'));
app.use(lusca.xssProtection(true);
Slide 33
Slide 33 text
Pardon the interruption
Slide 34
Slide 34 text
CSRF
Slide 35
Slide 35 text
Trick victim’s browser into
making malicious requests
CSRF
Slide 36
Slide 36 text
All you need is a valid cookie.
CSRF
Slide 37
Slide 37 text
CSRF
"
Victim
somebank
.com
#
Cookie
Slide 38
Slide 38 text
CSRF
"
Victim
hackedsite
.com
somebank
.com
Cookie
Slide 39
Slide 39 text
CSRF
!
document.forms.someHiddenForm.submit();
Slide 40
Slide 40 text
It’s still just an HTTP request.
CSRF
Slide 41
Slide 41 text
If only we had a way to ensure
requests were legitimate…
CSRF
Slide 42
Slide 42 text
lusca.csrf();
Slide 43
Slide 43 text
Token synchronizer pattern
lusca.csrf();
Slide 44
Slide 44 text
1. Creates a random token
lusca.csrf();
(using some crazy crypto libraries)
Slide 45
Slide 45 text
2. Adds token to res.locals
lusca.csrf();
Slide 46
Slide 46 text
3. Dump token on the page
lusca.csrf();
Slide 47
Slide 47 text
4. Send token with every
POST, PUT, DELETE request
lusca.csrf();
Slide 48
Slide 48 text
$.ajaxPrefilter(function(options, _, xhr) {
if (!xhr.crossDomain) {
xhr.setRequestHeader('X-CSRF-Token', csrfToken);
}
});
lusca.csrf();
Slide 49
Slide 49 text
lusca.csrf();
5. Verify token is correct,
otherwise return 403.
Slide 50
Slide 50 text
CSP
Slide 51
Slide 51 text
CSP is really awesome.
Slide 52
Slide 52 text
It’s basically a whitelist.
Slide 53
Slide 53 text
Content-Security-Policy:
default-src 'self' https://*.your-cdn.com;
script-src 'self' https://*.your-cdn.com;
img-src https://*.your-cdn.com data:;
object-src 'self';
font-src 'self' https://*.googlefonts.com;
connect-src …
frame-src …
style-src …
media-src …
Slide 54
Slide 54 text
No content
Slide 55
Slide 55 text
lusca.csp( { /* … */ } );
Slide 56
Slide 56 text
lusca.csp({
"default-src": "'self' https://*.your-cdn.com”,
"script-src": “'self' https://*.your-cdn.com”,
"img-src": “https://*.your-cdn.com data:”,
"font-src": “‘self’",
“report-uri”: “https://mysite.com/cspReporter”
});
Slide 57
Slide 57 text
“report-uri”: “https://mysite.com/cspReporter”
Slide 58
Slide 58 text
lusca.hsts();
Slide 59
Slide 59 text
lusca.hsts();
Ensures HTTPS traffic
Slide 60
Slide 60 text
lusca.hsts();
Helps prevent MITM attacks
Slide 61
Slide 61 text
lusca.xframe();
Slide 62
Slide 62 text
lusca.xframe();
Prevent others from loading
your app in an iframe
Slide 63
Slide 63 text
No content
Slide 64
Slide 64 text
app.use(lusca.xssProtection());
app.use(lusca.p3p());
Slide 65
Slide 65 text
app.use(lusca.csrf());
app.use(lusca.csp({ /* ... */ }));
app.use(lusca.hsts({ maxAge: 31536000 });
app.use(lusca.xframe('SAMEORIGIN'));
app.use(lusca.p3p('ABCDEF'));
app.use(lusca.xssProtection(true);
Slide 66
Slide 66 text
HTTPOnly cookies
Slide 67
Slide 67 text
Prevents session hijacking
HTTPOnly cookies
Slide 68
Slide 68 text
app.use(express.session({
secret: ‘0m6!s3cr37’,
cookie: { httpOnly: true, secure: true },
}));
HTTPOnly cookies
Slide 69
Slide 69 text
Set-Cookie:!
connect.sid=%3AbzLqvcp7DnQJMaLAPmJ7p; !
Path=/; Expires=Wed, 21 May 2014 18:26:44 GMT;
HttpOnly
HTTPOnly cookies
Slide 70
Slide 70 text
Handle errors, or crash.
Rule #3 !
!
!
Slide 71
Slide 71 text
!
Wed, 21 May 2014 18:49:00 GMT !
uncaughtException Object # has no method ‘forEach'!
!
TypeError: Object # has no method 'forEach'!
at module.exports.fetchSettings (/Users/marstuart/oddjob/helpers.js:174:18)!
!
Process finished with exit code 1!
Slide 72
Slide 72 text
Basically, a DOS attack
Slide 73
Slide 73 text
Either catch them,
or restart
Slide 74
Slide 74 text
Eval is still evil
Rule #4 !
!
!
Slide 75
Slide 75 text
Node is still JavaScript
Slide 76
Slide 76 text
Dust.js
{@if cond=“{cardType} === ‘VISA’”}
{/if}
Slide 77
Slide 77 text
Node Security Project
http://nodesecurity.io
Slide 78
Slide 78 text
Audit all modules in NPM
Slide 79
Slide 79 text
Contribute patches
Slide 80
Slide 80 text
Educate others
Slide 81
Slide 81 text
No content
Slide 82
Slide 82 text
Scan for vulnerable modules
Rule #5 !
!
!
Slide 83
Slide 83 text
npm install grunt-nsp-package —save-dev
grunt validate-package
Slide 84
Slide 84 text
No content
Slide 85
Slide 85 text
Make it a part of your CI
Slide 86
Slide 86 text
Update your dependencies
Rule #6 !
!
!
Slide 87
Slide 87 text
Add a badge to your README
Slide 88
Slide 88 text
david-dm.org
Slide 89
Slide 89 text
No content
Slide 90
Slide 90 text
ESLint custom rules
Slide 91
Slide 91 text
Let’s recap…
Slide 92
Slide 92 text
1. Know what you’re require()’ing
2. Node is still JavaScript
3. Use good security defaults
4. Security can be automated, too!
Slide 93
Slide 93 text
Client-side JS
Slide 94
Slide 94 text
Content injection
Slide 95
Slide 95 text
XSS sucks. It’s everywhere.
Slide 96
Slide 96 text
Escape everything.
Rule #1 !
!
!
Slide 97
Slide 97 text
<script src='http://hacker.com/
sessionhijacker.js'></script>
Slide 98
Slide 98 text
User input and
“backend” data
Slide 99
Slide 99 text
Persistent or Stored XSS
Slide 100
Slide 100 text
"
Attacker
yoursite.com
PUT /account/edit
{ firstName: ‘…’ }
"
Victim
"
Victim
<script>…
GET /addressBook
…
GET /addressBook
yoursite.com
yoursite.com
Slide 101
Slide 101 text
Don’t trust
backend services
to escape properly
Slide 102
Slide 102 text
Know your templating library.
Rule #2 !
!
!
Slide 103
Slide 103 text
Use it properly.
Slide 104
Slide 104 text
Underscore templates
Slide 105
Slide 105 text
” />
” />
Slide 106
Slide 106 text
Dust.js templates
Slide 107
Slide 107 text
{@if cond=“{cardType} === ‘VISA’”}
{/if}
Slide 108
Slide 108 text
{@if cond=“{zipCode} === {defaultZipCode}”}
{/if}
{
“zipCode”: “\\”,
“defaultZipCode”: “);process.exit();//“
}
Slide 109
Slide 109 text
Your server’s crashed.
$
Slide 110
Slide 110 text
Upgrade your front-end
dependencies.
Rule #3 !
!
!
Slide 111
Slide 111 text
Retire.js
Slide 112
Slide 112 text
jQuery <1.9.0
jQuery Mobile <1.0.1
Backbone <0.5.0
Angular <1.2.0
Handlebars <1.0.0
YUI <3.5.0
Ember <1.3.0
Mustache <0.3.1
Slide 113
Slide 113 text
Running "retire:jsPath" (retire) task!
!
>> test-files/jquery-1.6.js!
>> ↳ jquery 1.6 has known vulnerabilities: http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/
vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2011-4969!
!
>> Aborted due to warnings.
npm install grunt-retire --save-dev
grunt retire
Slide 114
Slide 114 text
Automate it!
Slide 115
Slide 115 text
Rules of Thumb
Slide 116
Slide 116 text
No matter what you do,
someone will always
find a way in
Slide 117
Slide 117 text
But, you’ll get 80% there
if you…
Slide 118
Slide 118 text
Choose libraries with
good security defaults.
!
!
!
Slide 119
Slide 119 text
Sanitize data coming in
and going out.
!
!
!
Slide 120
Slide 120 text
Update your dependencies!
!
!
!
Slide 121
Slide 121 text
Automate security, too.
!
!
!
Slide 122
Slide 122 text
thanks!
Slide 123
Slide 123 text
mark stuart
@mark_stuart
@mstuart
Slide 124
Slide 124 text
Links
https://github.com/nodesecurity/grunt-nsp-package
https://github.com/bekk/grunt-retire
https://nodesecurity.io/
https://github.com/evilpacket/helmet
http://krakenjs.com/
https://github.com/krakenjs/lusca
https://david-dm.org/
https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Cross-Site