Security and Privacy on the Web in 2015

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Security and Privacy on the Web in 2015 François Marier @fmarier mozilla

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Firefox Security & Privacy

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overview of what we work on

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overview of what we work on interrupt me!

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security privacy &

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??????????????? ??????????????? security privacy &

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security

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security for users

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Safe Browsing

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No content

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pre-downloaded URL hash prefixes

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pre-downloaded URL hash prefixes list updated every 30 minutes

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pre-downloaded URL hash prefixes list updated every 30 minutes server completions on prefix hit (with noise entries)

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pre-downloaded URL hash prefixes list updated every 30 minutes server completions on prefix hit (with noise entries) separate cookie jar

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pre-downloaded URL hash prefixes list updated every 30 minutes server completions on prefix hit (with noise entries) separate cookie jar list entries expire after 45 minutes

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about:config browser.safebrowsing.enabled (phishing) browser.safebrowsing.malware.enabled (malware)

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Application Reputation

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is it on the pre-downloaded list of dangerous hosts?

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is it on the pre-downloaded list of dangerous hosts? is it signed by a known good software provider?

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is it on the pre-downloaded list of dangerous hosts? is it signed by a known good software provider? is it an executable file (.exe, .com, .pif, .dmg, etc.)?

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is it on the pre-downloaded list of dangerous hosts? is it signed by a known good software provider? is it an executable file (.exe, .com, .pif, .dmg, etc.)? what does the apprep server think about it?

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about:config browser.safebrowsing.downloads.remote.enabled

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security for developers

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Content Security Policy aka CSP mechanism for preventing XSS

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telling the browser what external content is allowed to load

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Hi you alert('p0wned'); ! Tweet! What's on your mind?

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without CSP

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Hi you! John Doe - just moments ago p0wned Ok

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with CSP

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Hi you! John Doe - just moments ago

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Content-Security-Policy: script-src 'self' https://cdn.example.com

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script-src object-src style-src img-src media-src frame-src font-src connect-src

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Strict Transport Security aka HSTS mechanism for preventing HTTPS to HTTP downgrades

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telling the browser that your site should never be reached over HTTP

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No content

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GET bank.ca 301 → GET https://bank.ca 200 → no HSTS, no sslstrip

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GET bank.ca → 200 no HSTS, with sslstrip

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what does HSTS look like?

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$ curl -i https://example.com HTTP/1.1 200 OK Cache-Control: private Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8 Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000 ...

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with HSTS, with sslstrip GET https://bank.ca 200 →

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no HTTP traffic for sslstrip to tamper with

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https://ajax.googleapis.com /ajax/libs/jquery/1.8.0/ jquery.min.js

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what would happen if that server were compromised?

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Bad Things™ steal sessions leak confidential data redirect to phishing sites enlist DDoS zombies

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simple solution

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instead of this:

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do this:

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guarantee: script won't change or it'll be blocked

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security for sysadmins

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HTTPS

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if you're not using it, now is the time to start :)

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mass surveillance of all Internet traffic is no longer theoretical

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strong encryption of all Internet traffic is no longer optional

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“If we only use encryption when we're working with important data, then encryption signals that data's importance. If only dissidents use encryption in a country, that country's authorities have an easy way of identifying them. But if everyone uses it all of the time, encryption ceases to be a signal. The government can't tell the dissidents from the rest of the population. Every time you use encryption, you're protecting someone who needs to use it to stay alive.” -Bruce Schneier

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ps://gigaom.com/2015/02/19/dont-let-att-mislead-you-about-its-29-privacy-fee/

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$ apt-get install letsencrypt $ letsencrypt example.com

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automatically prove domain ownership download a free-as-in-beer certificate monitor and renew it before it expires

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automatically prove domain ownership download a free-as-in-beer certificate monitor and renew it before it expires

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automatically prove domain ownership download a free-as-in-beer certificate monitor and renew it before it expires

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HTTPS is not enough you need to do it properly

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RC4

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SHA-1 RC4

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SHA-1 1024-bit certificates RC4

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SHA-1 1024-bit certificates RC4 weak DH parameters

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https://people.mozilla.org/~fmarier/mixed-content.html

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turn on full mixed-content blocking in development

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privacy

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privacy for users

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Tracking Protection

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Tracking Protection in Private Browsing mode

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based on Safe Browsing pre-downloaded list of full hashes (no server lookups)

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is this resource coming from a third-party server? is it on Disconnect's list of trackers? is it actually a third-party or does it belong to the same org?

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Q: What does it do? A: It blocks network loads!

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No cookies No fingerprinting No wasted bandwidth No performance hit

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about:config privacy.trackingprotection.pbmode.enabled

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about:config privacy.trackingprotection.enabled

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privacy for developers

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http://example.com/search?q=serious+medical+condition Click here for the cheapest insurance around! Bla bla bla, bla bla, bla bla bla bla. Bla bla bla, bla bla, bla bla bla bla. Bla bla bla, bla bla, bla bla bla bla. Bla bla bla, bla bla, bla bla bla bla. Bla bla bla, bla bla, bla bla bla bla. Bla bla bla, bla bla, bla bla bla bla. Bla bla bla, bla bla, bla bla bla bla. Bla bla bla, bla bla, bla bla bla bla. Bla bla bla, bla bla, bla bla bla bla. Bla bla bla, bla bla, bla bla bla bla.

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