MVC + Event + Module: the new architecture of ZF2 Enrico Zimuel (@ezimuel) Software Engineer – Zend Framework Team

About me ● Enrico Zimuel (@ezimuel) ● Software Engineer since 1996 ● PHP Engineer at Zend Technologies ● Zend Framework Core Team ● International speaker, author of books about secure software and web programming ● Co-founder PUG Torino (Italy) http://torino.grusp.org

Zend Framework 2 ● Open source PHP Framework ● 100% OOP, PHP 5.3.3+, Unit tested (PHPUnit) ● New MVC architecture: Event, Service, Module ● New security components (Crypt, Escaper, etc) ● Packaging system (composer, pyrus) ● http://framework.zend.com

SOLID principle ● In ZF2 we followed the SOLID principle – Single responsibility, Open-closed, Liskov substitution, Interface segregation and Dependency inversion ● Some design used: – Dependency Injection (Zend\Di) – Service Locator (Zend\ServiceLocator) – Modular architecture (single components) – Extensive use of Interface

New Architecture

Events ● An event is an action (and a value object) ● An event is triggered by an EventManager ● A listener is a callback that can react to an event ● An EventManager is an object that holds a collection of listeners for one or more named events, and which triggers events

Example: listener

Example: triggering

Example: implications

MVC is driven by events

Services ● Services are the “objects” shared in a ZF2 application (e.g. Db connection) ● Can be everything: class, object, callback ● Managed by a Service Locator (Zend\ServiceManager) ● Replacement of the Zend\Registry in ZF1

Zend\ServiceManager ● The ServiceManager is a Service Locator implementation ● A Service Locator is a well-known object in which you may register objects (more in general services) and later retrieve them ● Driven by configuration

Type of Services ● Explicit (name => object pairs) ● Invokables (name => class to instantiate) ● Factories (name => callable returning object) ● Aliases (name => some other name) ● Abstract Factories (unknown services) ● Scoped Containers (limit what can be created) ● Shared (or not; you decide)

Module A module is all related code and assets that solve a specific problem. Modules inform the MVC about services and event listeners

Modules in ZF2 ● The basic unit in a ZF2 application is a Module ● Modules are “Plug and play” technology ● Modules are simple: – A namespace – Containing a single classfile: Module.php

Modules ● modules.zendframework.com (>200 modules)

DEMO

Where to start? ● Getting started on framework.zend.com – http://framework.zend.com/learn ● Free webinar about ZF2 – http://www.zend.com/en/resources/webinars/framework ● Modules – http://modules.zendframework.com ● ZFTool – PHAR https://packages.zendframework.com/zftool.phar – Github https://github.com/zendframework/ZFTool

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