@alex_zhukovich https://alexzh.com/ UI Testing 
 Jetpack Compose apps 

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Good Test Case 

STABLE FAST READABLE INDEPENDENT 

Interaction Pixel perfectness 

INTERACTION PIXEL PERFECTNESS 

INTERACTION PIXEL PERFECTNESS 

PIXEL PERFECTNESS INTERACTION TESTING UI COMPONENTS 
 (DESIGN SYSTEM) INTERACTION WITH SCREEN(S) SUPPORT MULTIPLE LANGUAGES SUPPORT DIFFERENT 
 COLOR THEMES SUPPORT ACCESSIBILITY OPTIONS 
 (FONT SIZE, SCREEN SIZE, ETC) SUPPORT LTR & RTL PERMISSION TESTING YES YES YES YES YES YES YES YES 

SCREENSHOT TESTS FUNCTIONAL TESTS END TO END TESTS 

FUNCTIONAL TESTS END TO END TESTS SCREENSHOT TESTS 

FUNCTIONAL TESTS END TO END TESTS SCREENSHOT TESTS 

FUNCTIONAL TESTS END TO END TESTS SCREENSHOT TESTS 

END-TO-END TESTS FUNCTIONAL TESTS SCREENSHOT TESTS 

State of Android Dev & Testing 

ACTIVITY FRAGMENT 

ACTIVITY FRAGMENT COMPOSABLE FUNCTION 

launchActivity launchFragmentInContainer ComposeContentTestRule ActivityScenario.launch( MainActivity::class.java ) 

launchActivity launchFragmentInContainer ComposeContentTestRule val activityOptions = bundleOf( Pair("param-1", 1), Pair("param-2", 2), Pair("param-3", 3), ) val scenario = ActivityScenario.launch( MainActivity::class.java, activityOptions ) scenario.moveToState(Lifecycle.State.STARTED) ActivityScenario.launch( 

launchActivity launchFragmentInContainer ComposeContentTestRule val scenario = launchFragmentInContainer( fragmentArgs: Bundle? = null, @StyleRes themeResId: Int = 
 R.style.FragmentScenarioEmptyFragmentActivityTheme, initialState: Lifecycle.State = 
 Lifecycle.State.RESUMED, factory: FragmentFactory? = null ) scenario.moveToState(Lifecycle.State.STARTED) debugImplementation “androidx.fragment:fragment-testing:1.4.1" 

launchActivity launchFragmentInContainer ComposeContentTestRule Activity Fragment 

launchActivity launchFragmentInContainer ComposeContentTestRule androidx.fragment.app.testing.FragmentScenario$EmptyFragmentActivity Activity Fragment Compilation Added to AndroidManifest 

launchActivity launchFragmentInContainer ComposeContentTestRule @get:Rule val composeTestRule = createComposeRule() composeTestRule.apply { setContent { LoginScreen() } onNodeWithTag("email") .performTextInput("[email protected]") onNodeWithTag("password") .performTextInput("password") onNodeWithTag("login") .performClick() ... } debugImplementation “androidx.compose.ui:ui-test-manifest:1:1:1" 

launchActivity launchFragmentInContainer ComposeContentTestRule Component Activity @Composable 

launchActivity launchFragmentInContainer ComposeContentTestRule androidx.activity.ComponentActivity Component Activity @Composable Compilation Added to AndroidManifest 

NO ID 
 OF COMPONENT SEMANTIC PROPERTIES VIRTUAL CLOCK 

Testing Composable code 

class SubscribeBoxTest { @get:Rule val composeTestRule = createComposeRule() @Test fun shouldDisplaySnackbar_whenEmailIsEnteredAndSubscribeClicked() { composeTestRule.apply { setContent { SubscribeBox() } onNode(hasTestTag("subscribe_email")) .performTextInput("[email protected]") onNode(hasText("SUBSCRIBE")) .performClick() onNode(hasText("You successfully subscribed")) .assertIsDisplayed() } } } 

class SubscribeBoxTest { @get:Rule val composeTestRule = createComposeRule() @Test fun shouldDisplaySnackbar_whenEmailIsEnteredAndSubscribeClicked() { composeTestRule.apply { setContent { SubscribeBox() } onNode(hasTestTag("subscribe_email")) .performTextInput("[email protected]") onNode(hasText("SUBSCRIBE")) .performClick() onNode(hasText("You successfully subscribed")) .assertIsDisplayed() } } } Finder Matcher 

class SubscribeBoxTest { @get:Rule val composeTestRule = createComposeRule() @Test fun shouldDisplaySnackbar_whenEmailIsEnteredAndSubscribeClicked() { composeTestRule.apply { setContent { SubscribeBox() } onNode(hasTestTag("subscribe_email")) .performTextInput("[email protected]") onNode(hasText("SUBSCRIBE")) .performClick() onNode(hasText("You successfully subscribed")) .assertIsDisplayed() } } } Finder Matcher Action 

class SubscribeBoxTest { @get:Rule val composeTestRule = createComposeRule() @Test fun shouldDisplaySnackbar_whenEmailIsEnteredAndSubscribeClicked() { composeTestRule.apply { setContent { SubscribeBox() } onNode(hasTestTag("subscribe_email")) .performTextInput("[email protected]") onNode(hasText("SUBSCRIBE")) .performClick() onNode(hasText("You successfully subscribed")) .assertIsDisplayed() } } } Finder Matcher Action Assertion 

MERGED NODE TREE UNMERGED NODE TREE Printing with useUnmergedTree = ‘false’ Node #1 at (l=0.0, t=74.0, r=1080.0, b=2012.0)px |-Node #2 at (l=247.0, t=956.0, r=834.0, b=1130.0)px Role = 'Button' Focused = 'false' ContentDescription = '[Schedule a task]' Text = '[Schedule a task]' Actions = [OnClick, GetTextLayoutResult] MergeDescendants = 'true' Printing with useUnmergedTree = ‘true’ Node #1 at (l=0.0, t=74.0, r=1080.0, b=2012.0)px |-Node #2 at (l=247.0, t=956.0, r=834.0, b=1130.0)px Role = 'Button' Focused = 'false' Actions = [OnClick] MergeDescendants = 'true' |-Node #4 at (l=321.0, t=1006.0, r=395.0, b=1080.0)px | ContentDescription = '[Schedule a task]' | Role = 'Image' |-Node #5 at (l=420.0, t=1014.0, r=785.0, b=1072.0)px Text = '[Schedule a task]' Actions = [GetTextLayoutResult] 

MERGED NODE TREE UNMERGED NODE TREE Printing with useUnmergedTree = ‘true’ Node #1 at (l=0.0, t=74.0, r=1080.0, b=2012.0)px |-Node #2 at (l=247.0, t=956.0, r=834.0, b=1130.0)px Role = 'Button' Focused = 'false' Actions = [OnClick] MergeDescendants = 'true' |-Node #4 at (l=321.0, t=1006.0, r=395.0, b=1080.0)px | ContentDescription = '[Schedule a task]' | Role = 'Image' |-Node #5 at (l=420.0, t=1014.0, r=785.0, b=1072.0)px Text = '[Schedule a task]' Actions = [GetTextLayoutResult] Printing with useUnmergedTree = ‘false’ Node #1 at (l=0.0, t=74.0, r=1080.0, b=2012.0)px |-Node #2 at (l=247.0, t=956.0, r=834.0, b=1130.0)px Role = 'Button' Focused = 'false' ContentDescription = '[Schedule a task]' Text = '[Schedule a task]' Actions = [OnClick, GetTextLayoutResult] MergeDescendants = 'true' composeTestRule .onRoot(useUnmergedTree = false) 
 .printToLog("MERGED") composeTestRule .onRoot(useUnmergedTree = true) .printToLog("UNMERGED") 

MERGED NODE TREE UNMERGED NODE TREE onNode(hasText("Schedule a task"), useUnmergedTree = true) .assertHasClickAction() Error onNode(hasText("Schedule a task")) .assertHasClickAction() useUnmergedTree = false Printing with useUnmergedTree = ‘true’ Node #1 at (l=0.0, t=74.0, r=1080.0, b=2012.0)px |-Node #2 at (l=247.0, t=956.0, r=834.0, b=1130.0)px Role = 'Button' Focused = 'false' Actions = [OnClick] MergeDescendants = 'true' |-Node #4 at (l=321.0, t=1006.0, r=395.0, b=1080.0)px | ContentDescription = '[Schedule a task]' | Role = 'Image' |-Node #5 at (l=420.0, t=1014.0, r=785.0, b=1072.0)px Text = '[Schedule a task]' Actions = [GetTextLayoutResult] Printing with useUnmergedTree = ‘false’ Node #1 at (l=0.0, t=74.0, r=1080.0, b=2012.0)px |-Node #2 at (l=247.0, t=956.0, r=834.0, b=1130.0)px Role = 'Button' Focused = 'false' ContentDescription = '[Schedule a task]' Text = '[Schedule a task]' Actions = [OnClick, GetTextLayoutResult] MergeDescendants = 'true' onRoot(useUnmergedTree = false) 
 .printToLog("MERGED") onRoot(useUnmergedTree = true) .printToLog("UNMERGED") 

onAllNodesWithContentDescription("Happy")[0] .assert(hasText(“08:30")) onAllNodes(hasContentDescription("Happy"))[1] .assert(hasText("19:45")) onNodeWithText("Add") .performClick() 

@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class) class ProfileScreenTest: KoinTest { @get:Rule val composeTestRule = createComposeRule() ... 
 @Test fun displayUserInfo_WhenUserIsLoggedIn() { val email = "[email protected]" ... composeTestRule.apply { setContent { ProfileScreen(...) } onNodeWithText("Login") .performClick() onNodeWithText("Email") .performTextInput(email) onNodeWithText("Password") .performTextInput(password) onNode(hasText("LOGIN")) .performClick() onNodeWithText(email) .assertIsDisplayed() onNodeWithText(username) .assertIsDisplayed() } } } @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class) class ProfileScreenAndroidComposeTest: KoinTest { @get:Rule val composeTestRule = createAndroidComposeRule() fun getString(@StringRes resId: Int) = composeTestRule.activity.getString(resId) 
 ... 
 @Test fun displayUserInfo_WhenUserIsLoggedIn() { val email = “[email protected]" ... 
 composeTestRule.apply { setContent { ProfileScreen(...) } 
 onNodeWithText(getString(R.string.profileScreen_login_button)) .performClick() onNodeWithText(getString(R.string.genericTextField_email_label)) .performTextInput(email) onNodeWithText(getString(R.string.genericTextField_password_label)) .performTextInput(password) onNodeWithText(getString(R.string.loginScreen_login_button)) .performClick() ... } } } 

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@Preview @Composable fun Preview_MultipleRadioButtons() { val selectedValue = remember { mutableStateOf("") } val isSelectedItem: (String) -> Boolean = { selectedValue.value == it } val onChangeState: (String) -> Unit = { selectedValue.value = it } val items = listOf("Item 1", "Item 2", "Item 3", "Item 4", "Item 5") Column(Modifier.padding(8.dp)) { Text(text = "Selected value: ${selectedValue.value.ifEmpty { "NONE" }}") items.forEach { item -> Row( verticalAlignment = Alignment.CenterVertically, modifier = Modifier.selectable( selected = isSelectedItem(item), onClick = { onChangeState(item) }, role = Role.RadioButton ).padding(8.dp) ) { RadioButton( selected = isSelectedItem(item), onClick = null ) Text( text = item, modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth() ) } } } } 

@Preview @Composable fun Preview_MultipleRadioButtons() { val selectedValue = remember { mutableStateOf("") } val isSelectedItem: (String) -> Boolean = { selectedValue.value == it } val onChangeState: (String) -> Unit = { selectedValue.value = it } val items = listOf("Item 1", "Item 2", "Item 3", "Item 4", "Item 5") Column(Modifier.padding(8.dp)) { Text(text = "Selected value: ${selectedValue.value.ifEmpty { "NONE" }}") items.forEach { item -> Row( verticalAlignment = Alignment.CenterVertically, modifier = Modifier.selectable( selected = isSelectedItem(item), onClick = { onChangeState(item) }, role = Role.RadioButton ).padding(8.dp) ) { RadioButton( selected = isSelectedItem(item), onClick = null ) Text( text = item, modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth() ) } } } } 

@ExperimentalFoundationApi class RadioButtonTest { @get:Rule val composeTestRule = createComposeRule() @Test fun firstItemSelectedByDefault_whenThirdItemIsSelected_thenSelectedValueDisplayed() { composeTestRule.apply { setContent { Demo_RadioButton () } onNodeWithRoleAndText(Role.RadioButton, "Item 1") .assertIsSelected() onNodeWithText("Item 3") .performClick() onNodeWithRoleAndText(Role.RadioButton, "Item 3") .assertIsSelected() onNodeWithText("Selected value: Item 3") .assertIsDisplayed() } } private fun withRole(role: Role): SemanticsMatcher { return SemanticsMatcher("${SemanticsProperties.Role.name} contains '$role'") { it.config.getOrNull(SemanticsProperties.Role) == role } } private fun SemanticsNodeInteractionsProvider.onNodeWithRoleAndText( role: Role, text: String ) = onNode( withRole(role) .and(isSelectable()) .and(isEnabled()) .and(hasText(text)) ) } 

@ExperimentalFoundationApi class RadioButtonTest { @get:Rule val composeTestRule = createComposeRule() @Test fun firstItemSelectedByDefault_whenThirdItemIsSelected_thenSelectedValueDisplayed() { composeTestRule.apply { setContent { Demo_RadioButton () } onNodeWithRoleAndText(Role.RadioButton, "Item 1") .assertIsSelected() onNodeWithText("Item 3") .performClick() onNodeWithRoleAndText(Role.RadioButton, "Item 3") .assertIsSelected() onNodeWithText("Selected value: Item 3") .assertIsDisplayed() } } private fun withRole(role: Role): SemanticsMatcher { return SemanticsMatcher("${SemanticsProperties.Role.name} contains '$role'") { it.config.getOrNull(SemanticsProperties.Role) == role } } private fun SemanticsNodeInteractionsProvider.onNodeWithRoleAndText( role: Role, text: String ) = onNode( withRole(role) .and(isSelectable()) .and(isEnabled()) .and(hasText(text)) ) } 

... waitUntil { onAllNodesWithContentDescription("Happy") .fetchSemanticsNodes().size == 1 } onNodeWithContentDescription("Happy") .performClick() onNodeWithText("Reading") .performClick() onNodeWithText("Gaming") .performClick() 

... waitUntil { onAllNodesWithContentDescription("Happy") .fetchSemanticsNodes().size == 1 } onNodeWithContentDescription("Happy") .performClick() onNodeWithText("Reading") .performClick() onNodeWithText("Gaming") .performClick() 

class TextTest { @get:Rule val composeTestRule = createComposeRule() @Test fun chapter1IsSelectedByDefault_whenSwipeLeftTheSecondAndThirdChapterIsDisplayed() { composeTestRule.apply { setContent { val content = listOf( listOf("Lorem ipsum ...", ...), listOf(...), listOf(...) ) Demo_capitalizeTheFirstLetterOfBookChapter(content) } onNodeWithText("Chapter 1") .assertIsDisplayed() onNode(hasSelectableGroup()) .performTouchInput { swipeLeft() } onNodeWithText("Chapter 2") .assertIsDisplayed() onNode(hasSelectableGroup()) .performTouchInput { swipeLeft() } onNodeWithText("Chapter 3") .assertIsDisplayed() } } fun hasSelectableGroup() = SemanticsMatcher.keyIsDefined(SemanticsProperties.SelectableGroup) } 

class TextTest { @get:Rule val composeTestRule = createComposeRule() @Test fun chapter1IsSelectedByDefault_whenSwipeLeftTheSecondAndThirdChapterIsDisplayed() { composeTestRule.apply { setContent { val content = listOf( listOf("Lorem ipsum ...", ...), listOf(...), listOf(...) ) Demo_capitalizeTheFirstLetterOfBookChapter(content) } onNodeWithText("Chapter 1") .assertIsDisplayed() onNode(hasSelectableGroup()) .performTouchInput { swipeLeft() } onNodeWithText("Chapter 2") .assertIsDisplayed() onNode(hasSelectableGroup()) .performTouchInput { swipeLeft() } onNodeWithText("Chapter 3") .assertIsDisplayed() } } fun hasSelectableGroup() = SemanticsMatcher.keyIsDefined(SemanticsProperties.SelectableGroup) } 

ENABLE/DISABLE SYNCHRONIZATION ADVANCE TIME BY A SPECIFIC DURATION IDLING RESOURCES, 
 WAIT UNTIL 

class AnimationTest { @get:Rule val composeTestRule = createComposeRule() @Test fun coffeeDrinkAnimation() { composeTestRule.apply { setContent { CoffeeDrinkAnimationBox() } composeTestRule.mainClock.autoAdvance = false compareScreenshot(composeTestRule, "test-state-0") composeTestRule.mainClock.advanceTimeBy(150) compareScreenshot(composeTestRule, "test-state-1") composeTestRule.mainClock.advanceTimeBy(200) compareScreenshot(composeTestRule, "test-state-2") composeTestRule.mainClock.advanceTimeBy(400) compareScreenshot(composeTestRule, "test-state-3") composeTestRule.mainClock.advanceTimeBy(600) compareScreenshot(composeTestRule, "test-state-4") composeTestRule.mainClock.advanceTimeBy(800) compareScreenshot(composeTestRule, "test-state-5") } } } 

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AndroidUiTestingUtils https://github.com/sergio-sastre/AndroidUiTestingUtils Locale Light/Dark mode Display size, screen orientation Font size 

TestParameterInjector https://github.com/google/TestParameterInjector Strings Enums Primitive Types 

@RunWith(TestParameterInjector::class) class SettingsScreenParamScreenshotTest : ScreenshotTest { @get:Rule val composeTestRule = createEmptyComposeRule() @Test fun settingsScreen_customFontSizeAndUiMode( @TestParameter fontSize: FontSize, @TestParameter uiMode: UiMode ) { val activityScenario = ActivityScenarioConfigurator.ForComposable() .setFontSize(fontSize) .setUiMode(uiMode) .launchConfiguredActivity() .onActivity { it.setContent { AppTheme { SettingsScreen( onProfile = {}, onDocs = {} ) } } } activityScenario.waitForActivity() compareScreenshot(composeTestRule, "settingsScreen_${uiMode}_${fontSize}_defaultState") activityScenario.close() } } 

@RunWith(TestParameterInjector::class) class SettingsScreenParamScreenshotTest : ScreenshotTest { @get:Rule val composeTestRule = createEmptyComposeRule() @Test fun settingsScreen_customFontSizeAndUiMode( @TestParameter fontSize: FontSize, @TestParameter uiMode: UiMode ) { val activityScenario = ActivityScenarioConfigurator.ForComposable() .setFontSize(fontSize) .setUiMode(uiMode) .launchConfiguredActivity() .onActivity { it.setContent { AppTheme { SettingsScreen( onProfile = {}, onDocs = {} ) } } } activityScenario.waitForActivity() compareScreenshot(composeTestRule, "settingsScreen_${uiMode}_${fontSize}_defaultState") activityScenario.close() } } 

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Testing hybrid apps 

COMBINE MULTIPLE FRAMEWORKS IN A TEST COMBINE DIFFERENT APPROACHES USE DSL (DOMAIN- SPECIFIC-LANGUAGE) 

Best Practices 

USE MULTIPLE SMALL TESTS INSTEAD OF ONE BIG TEST 

ALL TEST CASES SHOULD BE INDEPENDENT 

NO "SLEEP" IN TESTS 

LEARN YOUR TOOLS 

#ExploreMore UI Testing @alex_zhukovich https://alexzh.com/