Modern Web Development with Ruby on Rails

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Modern webdevelopment with Ruby on Rails Robert Glaser Software Developer at Planetactive

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Me • Studied at Fontys Venlo • 26 years • Software Developer at Planetactive - an Ogilvy Company in Düsseldorf twitter.com/mrreynolds

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Planetactive • Ogilvy / WPP worldwide agency group • Full service digital marketing agency

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So...

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Modern? • What exactly does „modern“ mean? • „Modern“ is a very subjective and opinionated term • So is Ruby on Rails!

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• Created in 2004 by David Heinemeier Hansson (DHH) at 37signals • Extracted from Basecamp (basecamphq.com) • Based on pragmatic solutions for common problems • Opinionated software • DRY - Don‘t Repeat Yourself

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Wait. There are hundreds of MVC web frameworks!

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„It‘s a very pragmatic, very targeted framework with a strong sense of direction. You might not share it‘s vision, but it undeniably has one.“ DHH photo copyright by James Duncan Davidson

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Rails is „full stack“... • ActiveRecord (ORM) • ActionPack (ActionController, ActionView) • ActiveSupport (Class Extensions, Helpers) • ActionMailer • ActiveResource (REST Mapper) • Rails (Core Lib)

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...with many ingredients • Instant start defaults • Webserver • Logger • Staging • AJAX • Webservices • Mail • Debugger • Caching • Strong REST support • Session Handling • Middleware (Rack) • Test Framework • Plugins • Engines • Clean MVC architecture • Scaffolding

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ORM • Database abstraction & persistance ORM • ActiveRecord also a pattern • Migrations for incremental schema management

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YEAH! I don‘t have to write SQL!!!

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Yes, but you should understand what you are doing.

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Convention over configuration • File naming conventions and assumptions • DB naming conventions for databases, tables, primary- and foreign keys • Pluralization and singularization through String inflectors • Per-Environment configuration files

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DRY - Don‘t Repeat Yourself • Table column names don‘t need to be manually deﬁned => read from DB • Reusing code (e.g. in views via partials) • Metaprogramming • DSLs

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Model • Business logic • Data persistence • ActiveRecord

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View • Data presentation • User Interaction • Template language ERB (Embedded Ruby) • ActionView

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Controller • Event handling • Operation on models • Redirection and rendering • ActionController

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ActionController ActiveRecord ActionView

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ActiveRecord • Conventions (pluralized table names, ...) • Dynamic getters and setters • SQL mostly unnecessary • Entity relations (1:1, 1:n, n:n) • SQL injection protection • Validators • Callbacks

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ActionView • ERB (Embedded Ruby) • Javascript generators (AJAX) • XML templates • Reusing template elements via partials and layouts

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ActionController • Actions are public controller methods • Automatic template rendering • Multiple formats can easily be supported • RESTful model representations • Callbacks • Complete routing system • Security (CSRF, IP spooﬁng, etc.)

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REST • Representational State Transfer • Representation of resources with only HTTP • Actions on resources deﬁned by HTTP methods • Stateless • No additional transport layer like SOAP

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REST

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• Test environment & database • Fixtures or Factories, depending on you • Unit tests for models • Functional tests for controllers • Integration tests for workﬂow • Automated browser tests via Selenium Testing

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Made for agile! • Test driven development encouraged • It‘s hard not to test • Coverage testing via rcov • Behaviour driven development with Rspec, Cucumber or Shoulda (Stories and contexts) • Iterative DB schema evolvement via migrations

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Libraries, libraries!! • Plugins • Ruby Gems (Ruby‘s package management system)

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So, what is Ruby?

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• Released 1995 in Japan • Created by Yukihiro Matsumoto „Matz“ • Ruby should feel „natural, not simple“ • Ruby should be „more powerful than perl, more object-oriented than python“ Ruby

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Everything is an object!

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True open classes!

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Loops Blocks erklären

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Loops

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Classes, objects, loops, iterators

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Symbols

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Symbols

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Classes & modules

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Mixins

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Mixins

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Metaprogramming

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Exceptions

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If you want to use Ruby, use it idiomaticly!

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Demo time! 1) App erzeugen 2) Scaffold generieren 3) Resource generieren 4) Migration zeigen + ausführen 5) Fixtures 6) View zeigen 7) Controller zeigen 8) Model Methoden hinzufügen 9) Unit Test 10) REST erklären 11) named_scope

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Fin! • Diploma thesis? • Practical semester? • Get in touch with me!