HTTP - Speaker Deck

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HTTP Andrew Liu

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Hypertext Transfer Protocol

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Hypertext Transfer Protocol Prof. Mike

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URL - Uniform Resource Locator https://www.facebook.com/prof.mike.chen

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URL - Uniform Resource Locator https://www.facebook.com/prof.mike.chen scheme name http https spdy

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URL - Uniform Resource Locator https://www.facebook.com/prof.mike.chen scheme name http https spdy authority

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URL - Uniform Resource Locator https://www.facebook.com/prof.mike.chen scheme name http https spdy authority path

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Mike

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Mike Hi Mike, How are you?

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Mike Hi Mike, How are you? #@!@#!#$#@$

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Mike

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Mike Hi Mike, How are you?

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Mike Hi Mike, How are you? Fine

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Mike Hi Mike, How are you? Fine english://mike/status

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www.facebook.com https://www.facebook.com/prof.mike.chen

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www.facebook.com GET /prof.mike.chen HTTP/1.1 https://www.facebook.com/prof.mike.chen

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www.facebook.com GET /prof.mike.chen HTTP/1.1 .... https://www.facebook.com/prof.mike.chen

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Real case: request GET / HTTP/1.1 Host: www.facebook.com Connection: keep-alive Cache-Control: max-age=0 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_6_8) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.83 Safari/535.11 Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/ xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8 Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: zh-TW,zh;q=0.8,en-US;q=0.6,en;q=0.4 Accept-Charset: UTF-8,*;q=0.5 Cookie: ....

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www.facebook.com GET / HTTP/1.1 .... https://www.facebook.com/

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www.facebook.com GET / HTTP/1.1 .... https://www.facebook.com/ How does it know I have logged in?

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HTTP is Stateless Server doesn’t know what the user did last time.

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www.facebook.com

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www.facebook.com Hi, I’m Mike.

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www.facebook.com Hi, I’m Mike. Ok, you’re Mike.

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www.facebook.com Hi, I’m Mike. Ok, you’re Mike. Everyone can be Mike now!

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www.facebook.com

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www.facebook.com Hi, I’m Mike. My password is “lab430”.

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www.facebook.com Hi, I’m Mike. My password is “lab430”. Ok, you’re Mike. Code: a3ad31

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www.facebook.com Hi, I’m Mike. My password is “lab430”. Ok, you’re Mike. Code: a3ad31 My code is a3ad31.

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www.facebook.com Hi, I’m Mike. My password is “lab430”. Ok, you’re Mike. Code: a3ad31 My code is a3ad31. Ok, you’re Mike.

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www.facebook.com Hi, I’m Mike. My password is “lab430”. Ok, you’re Mike. Code: a3ad31 Browser must remember the code! My code is a3ad31. Ok, you’re Mike.

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Cookie to Rescue

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Cookie to Rescue Key - value pair storage

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Cookie to Rescue Key - value pair storage Sent every time in HTTP request header Cookie: km_dbg=0; heroku_session_v=1; ...

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Real case: response HTTP/1.1 200 OK Cache-Control: private, no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate Expires: Sat, 01 Jan 2000 00:00:00 GMT Pragma: no-cache X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff X-Frame-Options: DENY Set-Cookie: _e_1V7k_5=deleted; expires=Thu, 01-Jan-1970 00:00:01 GMT; path=/; domain=.facebook.com; httponly Set-Cookie: L=deleted; expires=Thu, 01-Jan-1970 00:00:01 GMT; path=/; domain=.facebook.com; httponly Set-Cookie: wd=deleted; expires=Thu, 01-Jan-1970 00:00:01 GMT; path=/; domain=.facebook.com; httponly Content-Encoding: gzip Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8 X-FB-Debug: XKkfgkQmkDwO4VsOafKYEhfDbYk9WN8ANLHRCrl/9eU= X-Cnection: close Transfer-Encoding: chunked Date: Tue, 27 Mar 2012 13:16:47 GMT

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HTTP Status Code

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HTTP Status Code 2XX Success 200 OK

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HTTP Status Code 2XX Success 200 OK 3XX Redirection 301 Move Permanently 302 Found (a.k.a. Moved Temporarily) 304 Not Modiﬁed

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HTTP Status Code 2XX Success 200 OK 3XX Redirection 301 Move Permanently 302 Found (a.k.a. Moved Temporarily) 304 Not Modiﬁed 4XX Client Error 400 Bad Request 401 Unauthorized 403 Forbidden 404 Not Found

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Advanced Topics

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mikechen.com

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mikechen.com http://mikechen.com/

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mikechen.com GET / HTTP/1.1 http://mikechen.com/

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mikechen.com GET / HTTP/1.1 ... http://mikechen.com/

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mikechen.com GET / HTTP/1.1 ... http://mikechen.com/

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mikechen.com

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mikechen.com http://mikechen.com/

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mikechen.com Modiﬁed? http://mikechen.com/

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mikechen.com Modiﬁed? No! http://mikechen.com/

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mikechen.com Modiﬁed? No! http://mikechen.com/

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HTTP Request Header

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HTTP Request Header Host Host: www.apple.com

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HTTP Request Header Host User-Agent Host: www.apple.com User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US; rv:1.9.1.5) Gecko/20091102 Firefox/3.5.5 (.NET CLR 3.5.30729)

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HTTP Request Header Host User-Agent Accept-Language Host: www.apple.com User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US; rv:1.9.1.5) Gecko/20091102 Firefox/3.5.5 (.NET CLR 3.5.30729) Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5

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HTTP Request Header Host User-Agent Accept-Language Accept-Encoding Host: www.apple.com User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US; rv:1.9.1.5) Gecko/20091102 Firefox/3.5.5 (.NET CLR 3.5.30729) Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5 Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate

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HTTP Request Header Host User-Agent Accept-Language Accept-Encoding If-Modiﬁed-Since Host: www.apple.com User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US; rv:1.9.1.5) Gecko/20091102 Firefox/3.5.5 (.NET CLR 3.5.30729) Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5 Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate If-Modified-Since: Sat, 28 Nov 2009 06:38:19 GMT

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HTTP Request Header Host User-Agent Accept-Language Accept-Encoding If-Modiﬁed-Since Referer Host: www.apple.com User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US; rv:1.9.1.5) Gecko/20091102 Firefox/3.5.5 (.NET CLR 3.5.30729) Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5 Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate If-Modified-Since: Sat, 28 Nov 2009 06:38:19 GMT Referer: www.google.com

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HTTP Response Header

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HTTP Response Header Cache-Control Cache-Control: max-age=3600, public

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HTTP Response Header Cache-Control Content-Encoding Cache-Control: max-age=3600, public Content-Encoding: gzip

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HTTP Response Header Cache-Control Content-Encoding Content-Type Cache-Control: max-age=3600, public Content-Encoding: gzip Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8

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HTTP Response Header Cache-Control Content-Encoding Content-Type Content-Disposition Cache-Control: max-age=3600, public Content-Encoding: gzip Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=”ccsp.pdf”

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HTTP Response Header Cache-Control Content-Encoding Content-Type Content-Disposition Content-Length Cache-Control: max-age=3600, public Content-Encoding: gzip Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=”ccsp.pdf” Content-Length: 79324

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HTTP Response Header Cache-Control Content-Encoding Content-Type Content-Disposition Content-Length Location Cache-Control: max-age=3600, public Content-Encoding: gzip Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=”ccsp.pdf” Content-Length: 79324 Location: http://ntumobile.org

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HTTP Verbs

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HTTP Verbs GET GET /books read

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HTTP Verbs GET POST GET /books read POST /books create

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HTTP Verbs GET POST PUT GET /books read POST /books create PUT /books/hunger-game update

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HTTP Verbs GET POST PUT DELETE GET /books read POST /books create PUT /books/hunger-game update DELETE /books/hunger-game delete

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No content

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No content

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or GET /search?q=mike+chen HTTP/1.1 Host: www.google.com.tw User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0

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{ :q => “mike chen” } or GET /search?q=mike+chen HTTP/1.1 Host: www.google.com.tw User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0

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No content

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POST /login HTTP/1.1 Host: ccsp2012.org User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 Content-Length: 25 Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded user=mike&password=lab430

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END