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Introdução ao ASP .NET MVC Caio Proiete http://netponto.org 1ª Reunião Presencial - 15/08/2009

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Patrocinador desta reunião http://ciclo.pt

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Caio Proiete +9 anos de experiência profissional em TI Consultor da Novabase Formador da Ciclo Microsoft MVP, MCT http://caioproiete.net

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Agenda • Introdução – ASP .NET: WebForms e MVC • O que é MVC? • Funcionamento do ASP .NET MVC • WebForms: Vantagens e Desvantagens • Demonstração – Criação de Controllers, Views e Rotas

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Introdução: ASP .NET e WebForms • Não é a mesma coisa! • WebForms, é um framework do ASP .NET - A plataforma para desenvolvimento de aplicações web

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Agora temos o ASP .NET MVC • Que é um outro framework para o ASP .NET • E agora ficamos com duas opções: –ASP .NET WebForms –ASP .NET MVC

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ASP .NET MVC: Características • Total controlo do HTML gerado • Total controlo das URLs (Clean URLs) • Permite automatizar testes na interface gráfica com facilidade • Extremamente extensível

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ASP .NET MVC: URLs simplificadas • No ASP .NET WebForms: • /Produtos.aspx?Categoria={dF7504E0-4F80- 1173-9A0C-0305482C3301} • No ASP .NET MVC: –/Produtos/Livros

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O que é o ASP .NET MVC? • Actualmente, é um framework instalado à parte • Não vem com o Visual Studio 2008, nem com o .NET Framework 3.5. Nem mesmo no SP1 destes • Estará incluído no Visual Studio 2010

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O ASP .NET MVC inclui Um novo template de projecto Web

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O ASP .NET MVC inclui 1 (um) novo assembly e namespace – System.Web.Mvc Que depende de outros assemblies – System.Web.dll (2.0) – System.Core (3.5) – System.Web.Extensions (3.5) – System.Web.Abstractions (3.5 SP1) – System.Web.Routing (3.5 SP1)

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OK, mas o que é esse MVC? • MVC = Model-View-Controller • É um padrão de arquitectura aplicacional, design pattern • Permite separar as responsabilidades em uma aplicação

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Separar responsabilidades? • Sim. Por exemplo, a apresentação dos dados para o utilizador deve ser responsabilidade de uma parte “X” da aplicação. • Já a parte de obter os dados da base de dados, responsabilidade de uma parte “Y” da aplicação

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Model-View-Controller View (Apresentação) Model (Lógica) Controller (Entrada)

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Funcionamento do ASP .NET MVC Request Controller Requisição é redireccionada para o Controller

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Funcionamento do ASP .NET MVC Request Controller Controller processa e forma um modelo de dados

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Funcionamento do ASP .NET MVC Request ViewData Controller View Esse modelo de dados é enviado para a View

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Funcionamento do ASP .NET MVC Request ViewData Controller View A View cria uma representação visual desses dados

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Funcionamento do ASP .NET MVC Request ViewData Controller Response View E essa representação é enviada de volta para o navegador

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Estrutura ASP .NET MVC

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WebForms: Vantagens • Desenvolvimento rápido (RAD) • Controlos que “trabalham” por você • Conceito semelhante a desenvolver para Windows Forms. Aproveita conhecimento prévio

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WebForms: Desvantagens • Pouco controlo sobre o HTML gerado • Muito difícil para automatizar testes nas páginas • Abstração do funcionamento real das aplicações web (PostBacks, ViewState), que pode induzir a erros com facilidade

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Um exemplo de como NÃO utilizar ViewState ASP .NET WebForms http://www.mulherconsciente.com.br

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~113 Kb só de ViewState (!) /wEPDwULLTE3NDAyNzI0MzMPZBYCZg9kFgICAw9kFgYCAw8PFgIeCEltYWdlVXJsBSsvdXBsb2FkL0FuYU1hcmlhQnJhZ2EuanBnLjM0MHgzNDAudGh1bWIuYXhkZGQCBQ9kFgYCBQ8WAh4LXyFJdGVtQ291bnQC/////w9 kAgcPZBYCZg9kFgJmD2QWAgIBD2QWAgIVDxAPFgIeC18hRGF0YUJvdW5kZ2QPFhsCAQICAgMCBAIFAgYCBwIIAgkCCgILAgwCDQIOAg8CEAIRAhICEwIUAhUCFgIXAhgCGQIaAhsWGxAFBEFjcmUFAkFDZxAFB0FsYWdvYXMFAkFMZxAFCEFtYXpvbmFzB QJBTWcQBQZBbWFww6EFAkFQZxAFBUJhaGlhBQJCQWcQBQZDZWFyw6EFAkNFZxAFEERpc3RyaXRvIEZlZGVyYWwFAkRGZxAFD0VzcMOtcml0byBTYW50bwUCRVNnEAUGR29pw6FzBQJHT2cQBQlNYXJhbmjDo28FAk1BZxAFDE1pbmFzIEdlcmFpcw UCTUdnEAUSTWF0byBHcm9zc28gZG8gU3VsBQJNU2cQBQtNYXRvIEdyb3NzbwUCTVRnEAUFUGFyw6EFAlBBZxAFCFBhcmHDrWJhBQJQQmcQBQpQZXJuYW1idWNvBQJQRWcQBQZQaWF1w60FAlBJZxAFB1BhcmFuw6EFAlBSZxAFDlJpbyBkZSBKYW 5laXJvBQJSSmcQBRNSaW8gR3JhbmRlIGRvIE5vcnRlBQJSTmcQBQlSb25kw7RuaWEFAlJPZxAFB1JvcmFpbWEFAlJSZxAFEVJpbyBHcmFuZGUgZG8gU3VsBQJSU2cQBQ5TYW50YSBDYXRhcmluYQUCU0NnEAUHU2VyZ2lwZQUCU0VnEAUKU8OjbyBQYXV 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Criação de Controllers e Views

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Referências Site Oficial – http://asp.net/mvc Blog do Scott Guthrie (Microsoft) – http://weblogs.asp.net/scottgu Blog do Phil Haack (Microsoft) – http://haacked.com NerdDinner ASP.NET MVC Tutorial – http://shrinkster.com/18m9

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Referências MSDN Virtual Lab: Introduction to ASP.NET MVC New! – http://go.microsoft.com/?linkid=9631340 MSDN Virtual Lab: Advanced ASP.NET MVC New! – http://go.microsoft.com/?linkid=9640183 MSDN Virtual Lab: Building an Application with ASP.NET MVC New! – http://go.microsoft.com/?linkid=9636146 NerdDinner ASP.NET MVC Tutorial – http://shrinkster.com/18m9

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Questões?

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Patrocinador desta reunião http://ciclo.pt

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Obrigado! Caio Proiete [email protected] http://caioproiete.net http://twitter.com/caioproiete