Bringing Old Legacy Apps To PHP 7 and Beyond - Midwest PHP 2017 - Speaker Deck

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Bringing Old Legacy Apps To March 17th, 2017 Sammy Kaye Powers @SammyK PHP 7 & Beyond

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Codebase @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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I’ll just rewrite this in ____________! @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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I’ll just rewrite this in ____________! @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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I’ll just rewrite this in ____________! Laravel @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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I’ll just rewrite this in ____________! @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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rewrite from scratch? Why not @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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Functionality Existing Codebase Fancy-pants rewrite

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Functionality Existing Codebase Fancy-pants rewrite

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Functionality Existing Codebase Fancy-pants rewrite

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Functionality Existing Codebase Fancy-pants rewrite

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Functionality Existing Codebase Fancy-pants rewrite

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Refactoring Martin Fowler http://martinfowler.com/books/refactoring.html

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“Legacy” /leɡəsē/ • Requires an EOL version of PHP • No automated tests • Has outdated dependencies • No autoloading • No sign of “single responsibility”

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“Legacy” We’ll assume …means any code that can be improved (at least for this talk) @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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Expectations @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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elePHPant How to eat an

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ZERO Step @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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Around Poke @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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Around Poke • Composer &/or autoloading? • Documentation? (Look for hidden docs!) • Framework/Dependencies? (How out-dated?) • How is database layer implemented? • How is conﬁg handled? • How are front-end assets handled? • Are there tests? • Production env (PHP version)

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Analysis Static @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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phploc

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phploc

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phpcpd

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Consider the Stakeholders @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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Consider the Stakeholders I’ll need 80 hours to refactor the user auth & ACL @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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Consider the Stakeholders • Most critical security holes • Most critical bugs • Most critical features • Use data from static analysis Make a plan

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ONE Step @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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5.(wat) @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979 Get it running on

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Environment Get it running on your local @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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Kickass Development Environments with Docker David McKay Tomorrow @ 11 AM in Ballroom D @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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Git with an SCM

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Git Get with master original local-config

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Fix all the errors @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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TWO Step @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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7.1 @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979 Get it running on

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7.1 ✓Performance increase PHP 7 features ✓

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7.1

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BC is totes amaze

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PHP 7 enlightenment The path to 7.1 5.6

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7.1 5.5 PHP 7 enlightenment The path to

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7.1 5.4 PHP 7 enlightenment The path to

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7.1 >= 5.3 PHP 7 enlightenment The path to

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THREE Step @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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Fix all the PHP 7 errors @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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PHP 7 Quick tricks to refactor to (in order of ease) @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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PHP 7.0 “Gotchas” ASP and PHP tags removed @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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<% %> <%= %> @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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PHP 7.0 “Gotchas” removed $HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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php://input instead read from @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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PHP 7.0 “Gotchas” PHP-4-style constructors deprecated @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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PHP 7.0 “Gotchas” Some functions got the ax ereg* functions

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PHP 7.0 “Gotchas” “There’s a shim for that!”

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PHP 7.0 “Gotchas” “There’s a shim for that!” ereg* functions bbrala/php7-ereg-shim (Björn Brala)

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PHP 7.0 “Gotchas” Another one bites the dust ext/mysql functions

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PHP 7.0 “Gotchas” “There’s a shim for that!” ext/mysql functions dshafik/php7-mysql-shim (Davey Shaﬁk)

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Caveats though…

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PHP 7.0 “Gotchas” Another bird with the PHP 7.0 stone ext/mssql functions instead use sqlsrv_*(), odbc_*(), PDO

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PHP 7.0 “Gotchas” A few others for the chopping block Some ext/mcrypt functions, et. al.

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PHP 7.0 “Gotchas” Scalar Type Declarations New reserved keywords: string, int, bool, float

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PHP 7.0 “Gotchas” Uniform Variable Syntax Change in evaluating indirect expressions @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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Variable variables string(5) "world"

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string(16) "PHP 5.x I see..." 5.x

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7.x

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5.x

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5.x

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5.x string(16) "PHP 5.x I see..."

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7.x

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7.x

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7.x

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7.x Notice: Array to string conversion in / foo.php on line 6 Notice: Undefined variable: Array in / foo.php on line 6

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Funky

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7.x 5.x

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FOUR Step @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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Code! @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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Tests TESTS Tests @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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PHPUnit? @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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Acceptance Tests @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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Codeception @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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Behavior-driven testing framework @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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Composer + Autoloading @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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@SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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Feature (User Story)

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Scenario

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@SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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Scenario @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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FIVE Step “The Refactoring Loop” @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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refactorLoop: @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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Start small @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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Make sure there’s a test @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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Refactor @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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Run your tests @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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goto refactorLoop; @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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lets you refactor like a BEAST @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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PHPUnit Don’t forget about

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PHP 7.0 Features @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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random_int() random_bytes() PHP 7.0 Features CSPRNG!! @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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JOURNEY MY CENTER TO THE OF #ShamelessPlug Tomorrow @ 10 am in Main Ballroom

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PHP 7.0 Features Scalar Type Declarations @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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PHP 7.0 Features Scalar Type Declarations function foo(string $name,  int $age,  bool $isGreat,  float $income)  { /* */ }

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PHP 7.0 Features Scalar Type Declarations function foo(string $name,  int $age,  bool $isGreat,  float $income)  { /* */ }

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PHP 7.0 Features Return type declarations @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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PHP 7.0 Features Return type declarations /**  * @return Collection  */  public function foo()  {  }

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PHP 7.0 Features /**  * @return Collection  */  public function foo()  {  } Return type declarations

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PHP 7.0 Features public function foo(): Collection  {  } Return type declarations

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PHP 7.0 Features Null coalesce operator @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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PHP 7.0 Features $bar = isset($_GET[‘foo’]) ? $_GET[‘foo’] : null; Null coalesce operator $bar = $_GET[‘foo’] ?? null;

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PHP 7.0 Features Insane speed improvements @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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PHP 7.1 Considerations & Features @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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PHP 7.1 Considerations deprecated ext/mcrypt Soon to be...

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rand() & mt_rand() changes PHP 7.1 Considerations

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Totes Samezies!

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array_rand() Now with even distribution! PHP 7.1 Considerations

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Void return types PHP 7.1 Features @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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public function foo(): void  {  } Void return types PHP 7.1 Features

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Nullable types (kinda like union types for null) @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979 PHP 7.1 Features

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Nullable types function foo(string $name)  { /* */ } PHP 7.1 Features

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Nullable types function foo(?string $name)  { /* */ } PHP 7.1 Features

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Nullable types function foo(string $name = null)  { /* */ } foo(); PHP 7.1 Features

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Nullable types foo(); function foo(?string $name)  { /* */ } foo(null); PHP 7.1 Features

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Nullable types function foo(): ?string { return null; } PHP 7.1 Features

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Class constant visibility @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979 PHP 7.1 Features

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Class constant visibility class Foo {  public const FOO = 0; protected const BAR = 1; private const BAZ = 2; } PHP 7.1 Features

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`iterable` pseudo-type @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979 PHP 7.1 Features

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`iterable` pseudo-type function foo(iterable $a)  { /* */ } $b = []; foo($b); class C implements Iterator {} $b = new C; foo($b); PHP 7.1 Features

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`iterable` pseudo-type class D implements IteratorAggregate {} foo(new D); Traversable Or instance of PHP 7.1 Features

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And beyond? @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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PHP 7.2 Considering @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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PHP 7.2 considerations re(moved) ext/mcrypt

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PHP 7.2 considerations Argon2 Password Hash password_*() (Could become new default in PHP 7.3/8.0)

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Pending implementation… PHP 7.2

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PHP 7.2 considerations sodium_*()

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PHP 7.2 considerations Trailing Comma

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7.2 Deprecations (Will be removed by PHP 8.0)

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Some tools I like @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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vlucas/phpdotenv .env No peeking! No peeking!

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Some tools I like pimple/pimple @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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Some tools I like monolog/monolog @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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Some tools I like nikic/fast-route @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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Some tools I like illuminate/database @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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Some tools I like symfony/console @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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Create a PHP application without a framework https://github.com/PatrickLouys/no-framework-tutorial Patrick Louys @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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Big-picture Refactoring @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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Constant refactoring is the key to managing legacy codebases @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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Constant refactoring is the key to managing legacy codebases @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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Resources 013: TDD & BDD In PHP 055: Acceptance Testing with Behat 017: Modernizing Legacy Codebases in PHP @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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Modernizing Legacy Applications in PHP https://leanpub.com/mlaphp Paul M. Jones @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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Refactoring Martin Fowler http://martinfowler.com/books/refactoring.html @SammyK #mwphp17 joind.in/talk/82979

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Takk! (thanks) @SammyK SammyK.me Host of @PHPRoundtable @ChiPHPUG West Coast Swing Hire me! :) /talk/82979