@ashedryden
various backgrounds,
experiences, and
lifestyles
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@ashedryden
not always visible
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@ashedryden
race
gender
sexuality ability
language
appearance
physical &
mental health
age
socioeconomic
class
and more!
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@ashedryden
Intersectionality
the interactions of biological,
social, and cultural traits
contributing to systemic
inequality
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@ashedryden
race
gender
ability
physical &
mental health
socioeconomic
class
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@ashedryden
in the US, women on average
earn 80.9% of what men do
Source: ABC: How to end the wage gap between men and
women, http:/
/abcnews.go.com/ABC_Univision/News/women-
make-men/story?id=18702478#.UZt3yitASqk
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@ashedryden
but Latina women earn
59.3% of what white men do
Source: ABC: How to end the wage gap between men and
women, http:/
/abcnews.go.com/ABC_Univision/News/women-
make-men/story?id=18702478#.UZt3yitASqk
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@ashedryden
the unemployment rate in
the US is ~7.5%
Source: High Rate of Unemployment for the Blind, http:/
/
work.chron.com/high-rate-unemployment-blind-14312.html
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@ashedryden
the unemployment rate for
the blind is 70-75%
Source: High Rate of Unemployment for the Blind, http:/
/
work.chron.com/high-rate-unemployment-blind-14312.html
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@ashedryden
Privilege
unearned advantages a person
gets for a perceived trait they
possess, putting them in the
“normal” group
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@ashedryden
Better Education
Access to Technology at an Earlier Age
Higher Pay
Assumed Competency
Quality of Social/Professional Network
Seen as Skill Set Instead of Traits
Easily Fit Into/Identify with Subculture
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@ashedryden
Stereotype Threat
anxiety or concern where a
person has the potential to
confirm a negative stereotype
about their social group
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@ashedryden
Source: xkcd, How it Works: http:/
/xkcd.com/385/
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@ashedryden
Impostor Syndrome
a psychological phenomenon in
which people are unable to
internalize their
accomplishments
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@ashedryden
this is especially pronounced
when negative stereotypes
exist about a group a person
is in
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@ashedryden
less likely to apply for
certain jobs
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@ashedryden
less likely to submit a talk to
a conference
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@ashedryden
less likely to attend to a
conference
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@ashedryden
Marginalized
Someone pushed to the edge of
a group and accorded lesser
importance; a minority or sub-
group being excluded, their
needs or desires being ignored.
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@ashedryden
society teaches us to
do this to everyone
within marginalized
groups
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@ashedryden
“I’m different. I’m
logical and rational;
I don’t see gender or
race.”
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@ashedryden
Source: Moss-Racusin, et al. Science faculty’s subtle gender
biases favor male students, 2012
scientists & STEM
professors do this to
other scientists &
STEM professors
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even marginalized
people do it to
people within their
same social groups
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@ashedryden
How diverse is the
tech industry?
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@ashedryden
Women make up
24% of the industry
Source: FLOSSPOLS - Gender Integrated Report Findings
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@ashedryden
...but only 1.5-3% of
OSS contributors
Source: FLOSSPOLS - Gender Integrated Report Findings
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@ashedryden
Source: Mercury News. Blacks, Latinos, and Women lose ground
in tech companies, 2011
Women
Hispanic
Black
Asian
White
0% 25% 50% 75% 100%
Tech Industry
US Population
Tech Industry vs US Population
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@ashedryden
Lack of Diversity is a
Global Problem
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@ashedryden
India
8% of CS students
Source: Anita Borg Institute, State of Women in Technology
Fields Around the World
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@ashedryden
US
17% of CS students
Source: Anita Borg Institute, State of Women in Technology
Fields Around the World
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@ashedryden
UK
18.2% of CS students
Source: Anita Borg Institute, State of Women in Technology
Fields Around the World
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@ashedryden
France
20% of CS students
Source: Anita Borg Institute, State of Women in Technology
Fields Around the World
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@ashedryden
Brazil
20% of CS students
Source: Anita Borg Institute, State of Women in Technology
Fields Around the World
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@ashedryden
South Africa
25% of CS students
Source: Anita Borg Institute, State of Women in Technology
Fields Around the World
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@ashedryden
“Maybe women just
aren’t interested in
programming.”
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@ashedryden
“Or maybe women
aren’t biologically
predisposed to
programming.”
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@ashedryden
there exists no physical or
biological difference that
impacts a person’s ability to
be a programmer
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@ashedryden
the differences that exists
are purely social and
cultural constructs, and are
therefore able to be
overcome
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@ashedryden
Bulgaria
73% of CS students
Source: Anita Borg Institute, State of Women in Technology
Fields Around the World
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@ashedryden
Diversity Matters
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@ashedryden
Diversity Matters
to businesses
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@ashedryden
sales revenue,
number of customers,
market share, and
profits relative to
competitors
increase
Source: Does Diversity Pay?, Cedric Herring, AMERICAN
SOCIOLOGICAL REVIEW, 2009, VOL. 74 (April:208–224)
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@ashedryden
solve complex
problems
better and faster
Source: Scott Page, The difference: How the power of diversity
creates better groups, firms, schools, and societies. Princeton
University Press, 2009
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@ashedryden
more creative &
stimulated through
persistent exposure to
minority perspectives
Source: Charlan Jeanne Nemeth, Differential Contributions of
Majority and Minority Influence.
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@ashedryden
make better
decisions,
generate more
innovation
Source: Caroline Simard, Ph.D., Obstacles and Solutions for
Underrepresented Minorities in Technology, at 8, Anita Borg Institute
for Women and Technology (2009)
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the financial success and
viability of a company
are directly related to
the makeup of its teams
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@ashedryden
Diversity Matters
to society
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@ashedryden
heal the issue of
unequal pay and
opportunity
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@ashedryden
create class mobility
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@ashedryden
the wage gap is
smaller in STEM
fields
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@ashedryden
in tech women earn
about 87% of what
men do
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@ashedryden
Why the lack of
diversity?
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@ashedryden
Pipeline
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@ashedryden
Cultural Cues
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@ashedryden
difference in toys and
games for boys and girls
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@ashedryden
no famous role models
that represent them
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@ashedryden
Access to
Technology
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@ashedryden
on average, men get
access to their first
computer at 11
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@ashedryden
women get access to their
first computer at 14
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@ashedryden
African American and
Hispanic households have
lower computer
ownership rates and
broadband adoption
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@ashedryden
African American and
Hispanic are adopting
smart phones at a much
higher rate than their
white counterparts
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@ashedryden
Access to
Quality Education
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@ashedryden
quality high school
education is one of the
greatest indicators of
earning potential
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@ashedryden
schools in poor
neighborhoods have
lower quality math and
science programs
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@ashedryden
Access to
healthcare
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@ashedryden
women are more likely
to be caregivers
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@ashedryden
people of color, people
with disabilities, and
LGBTQ people have less
access to quality
healthcare
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@ashedryden
Attraction
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@ashedryden
Lack of Role Models
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@ashedryden
less likely to see people
like them represented in
companies and
conferences
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@ashedryden
Geek Stereotype
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people who don’t identify
and aren’t represented by
the geek stereotype are
turned off by impression
of someone who
represents the stereotype
Source: Enduring Influence of Stereotypical Computer Science Role
Models on Women’s Academic Aspirations, Cheryan 2012
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@ashedryden
Attrition
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@ashedryden
56% of women leave
tech within 10 years
Source: NCWIT, 2012
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@ashedryden
that’s twice the
attrition rate of men
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@ashedryden
harassment
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@ashedryden
people in a marginalized
group are twice as likely
to report being harassed
or mistreated
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@ashedryden
“I’ve never seen
someone get
harassed.”
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@ashedryden
discrimination
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@ashedryden
pay,
advancement,
job offers
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@ashedryden
men are 2.7 times more likely
than women to be promoted to
a high-ranking job, such as vice
president or senior manager
Source: Mercury News 2010, http:/
/www.mercurynews.com/
ci_14382477
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@ashedryden
Myriad Solutions
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@ashedryden
Change Starts with
Us
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@ashedryden
Education is the
Trojan Horse to
Empathy
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@ashedryden
Get to know people
different than us
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@ashedryden
Understand that bias
and discrimination
are often subtle
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@ashedryden
Learn to Apologize
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@ashedryden
Advocate for Change
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@ashedryden
Talk about these
issues openly
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@ashedryden
“That’s not cool :(”
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@ashedryden
Influence change in
our communities and
workplaces
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@ashedryden
Have the hard
conversations
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@ashedryden
Increase Education
and Access
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@ashedryden
help facilitate
events for
marginalized people
in tech
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@ashedryden
volunteer at local
schools and groups
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@ashedryden
commit financial
resources
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@ashedryden
work with colleges
and universities
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@ashedryden
“What are you doing to help
students who’ve had less
exposure to technology?”
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@ashedryden
remove bias from
our schools and
universities
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@ashedryden
“Have you
programmed
before?”
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@ashedryden
Change Our
Workplaces
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@ashedryden
what does the ‘about’
page of your website
look like?