Laravel + Docker 環境構築ハンズオン

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Laravel + Docker ؀ڥߏஙϋϯζΦϯ by @ucan_lab

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ࣗݾ঺հ • Name: Ώ͏͖ΌΜ(@ucan_lab) • Company: גࣜձࣾROLO • Skill: PHPer(6೥)/Laravel(3೥)/GraphQL(1೥)/Docker(൒೥) • Favorite: λϐΦΧ/εϚϒϥSP/αόήʔ • Twitter: https://twitter.com/ucan_lab • Qiita: https://qiita.com/ucan-lab • MENTA: https://menta.work/user/6135

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Ξϯέʔτ

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Laravel։ൃ؀ڥΛ ߏங͢Δํ๏

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Laravel؀ڥΛߏங͢Δํ๏ • ௚Πϯετʔϧ • XAMPP, MAMP • Laravel Valet • Cloud9, IBM Cloud • Vagrant (VirtualBox, VMware) • Homestead • Docker • Laradock

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ͲΕΛ࢖͑͹͍͍ΜͩΖ͏

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؀ڥߏஙͷ͋Ε͜Ε • νʔϜͰಉ͡؀ڥͰ։ൃ͍ͨ͠ • ߏ੒มߋ࣌ʹଈ࣌ڞ༗͍ͨ͠ • ଞϓϩδΣΫτͷઃఆΛӨڹΛड͚ͨ͘ͳ͍ • ޷͖ͳΤσΟλͰ։ൃ͍ͨ͠ • Excelͷखॱॻ͸։͖ͨ͘ͳ͍

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Ծ૝Խٕज़ʹ͍ͭͯ

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ϗετܕԾ૝Ϛγϯ

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ϗετܕԾ૝Ϛγϯ • VirtualBox, VMware౳ • Ծ૝తͳPCʢCPUɺϝϞϦɺετϨʔδɺωοτϫʔ ΫΞμϓλɺUSB౳ʣΛγϛϡϨʔτ • ར༻͍ͯ͠Δαʔόʔ΍PCʹಋೖ͕खܰ • ϗετOSΛܦ༝ͯ͠ϋʔυ΢ΣΞ΁ΞΫηε͢ΔͷͰ Φʔόʔϔου͕େ͖͍

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ϋΠύʔόΠβܕԾ૝Ϛγϯ

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ϋΠύʔόΠβܕԾ૝Ϛγϯ • ESXi, Hyper-V, Xen౳ • ͢΂ͯͷOSΛԾ૝Խ؀ڥͰಈ࡞ • ϋʔυ΢ΣΞΛ௚઀੍ޚՄೳ • Ծ૝Ϛγϯͷ଎౓௿ԼΛ࠷খݶʹ཈͑ΒΕΔ • طଘͷϗετOSΛͦͷ··ར༻Ͱ͖ͳ͍ • ઐ༻ͷ෺ཧαʔόʔΛ༻ҙ͢Δඞཁ͕͋Δ

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ίϯςφ

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ίϯςφܕԾ૝Խ • VirtualBox౳ͷ׬શԾ૝ԽΛߦ͏ϋΠύʔόΠβܕ΍ϗετܕʹൺ΂ͯɺ • σΟεΫ༰ྔ͸গͳ͍ • Ծ૝؀ڥͷ࡞੒΍ىಈ͸଎͘ • ੑೳྼԽ͕΄ͱΜͲͳ͍ • OSͱҟͳΔγεςϜΛίϯςφͰىಈͤ͞Δ͜ͱ͸Ͱ͖ͳ͍ • ΧʔωϧΛશͯͷίϯςφͰڞ༗͢ΔͨΊɺΧʔωϧʹର͢Δมߋૢ࡞ Λݸผʹߦ͏͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ͳ͍

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ݸਓతͳDockerͷϝϦοτ • গͳ͍खॱͰಉ͡؀ڥΛߏஙͰ͖Δ • Ծ૝؀ڥͷ࡞੒΍ىಈ͕଎͍ • Vagrantͷ࣌ͷΑ͏ʹChef΍Ansible౳৭ʑ֮͑ͳ͘ ͯྑ͍ • ෳ਺ͷ؀ڥΛ༰қʹ࡞੒Ͱ͖Δ • ࢖͍ࣺͯ͠΍͍͢

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DockerͷσϝϦοτ • ϑΝΠϧ໊ͷେจࣈɾখจࣈΛ۠ผ͢Δ͔Ͳ ͏͔͸OS΍ϑΝΠϧγεςϜʹΑͬͯҟͳΔ • ಛʹࠔΔ΄Ͳ·ͩ࢖͍͜ͳͤͯͳ͍

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DockerͷΞʔΩςΫνϟ

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DockerͷΞʔΩςΫνϟ

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DockerͷΞʔΩςΫνϟ • Docker͸ΫϥΠΞϯτɾαʔόܕͷΞʔΩςΫνϟ • DockerΫϥΠΞϯτͱσʔϞϯ͸ɺ͓ޓ͍ʹιέοτ ͔ RESTful APIͰ௨৴͢Δ • ΫϥΠΞϯτͱσʔϞϯಉ͡γεςϜ্Ͱ΋࣮ߦՄ ೳ • DockerσʔϞϯ͸ίϯςφͷߏஙɾ࣮ߦɾ഑෍Λߦ͏

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Dockerͷίϯϙʔωϯτ • Docker Πϝʔδʢimageʣ • Docker ϨδετϦʢregistryʣ • Docker ίϯςφʢcontainerʣ

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Docker Πϝʔδ • ಡΈࠐΈઐ༻ͷςϯϓϨʔτ • ΠϝʔδϨΠϠ(૚)ͷੵΈॏͶ • ϑΝΠϧγεςϜͱΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ΍ϛυϧ΢ΣΞɺ࣮ߦ࣌ʹ ඞཁͱ͢Δύϥϝʔλ͔Βߏ੒ • ଞͷਓ͕࡞੒ͨ͠ Docker ΠϝʔδΛμ΢ϯϩʔυ͢Δ͜ͱ΋Մ ೳ • Dockerﬁleʹ໋ྩΛهड़͠ɺ৽͍͠ΠϝʔδϨΠϠΛ௥Ճ͍ͯ͘͠

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Docker ϨδετϦ • Docker ϨδετϦ͸ΠϝʔδΛอ࣋ • ύϒϦοΫ΋͘͠͸ϓϥΠϕʔτʹอ؅ • ύϒϦοΫͳ Docker ϨδετϦͱͯ͠ Docker Hub Λఏڙ • ϓϥΠϕʔτͳ Docker ϨδετϦΛࣗલͰߏஙͨ͠Γɺ AWS(ECR), GCP(Container Registry)ͳͲͷαʔϏε΋࢖͑ ·͢

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Docker ίϯςφ • ϗετOS্Ͱઃఆ΍ϑΝΠϧΛಠཱͯ͠࡞੒ Ͱ͖ΔശͷΑ͏ͳ΋ͷ • DockerΠϝʔδΛϏϧυ͢Δ͜ͱͰ࡞੒ • ໊લۭؒ΍Ϧιʔε͕ଞͷϓϩηε΍ίϯς φ͔Β͸ִ཭ɺಠཱͨ͠ίϯϐϡʔλ্Ͱಈ ࡞͍ͯ͠Δ͔ͷΑ͏ʹৼΔ෣͏

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Dockerͷίϯϙʔωϯτ·ͱΊ • ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛอ࣋͢Δ Docker ΠϝʔδΛ ߏஙͰ͖Δɻ • ͜ΕΒ Docker ΠϝʔδͰΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛ࣮ ߦ͢Δ Docker ίϯςφΛ࡞੒Ͱ͖Δɻ • ͜ΕΒ Docker ΠϝʔδΛ Docker Hub ΍ࣗ෼ͷ ϨδετϦͰڞ༗Ͱ͖Δɻ

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DockerΛମݧ͠Α͏

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DockerͰHello World

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docker run hello-world $ docker run hello-world Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally latest: Pulling from library/hello-world 1b930d010525: Pull complete Digest: sha256:6540fc08ee6e6b7b63468dc3317e3303aae178cb8a45ed3123180328bc c1d20f Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest Hello from Docker! This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly. ...

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docker run hello-worldͷิ଍ • runίϚϯυͰ͸3ͭͷ͜ͱΛҰ౓ʹߦ͏ • Πϝʔδͷऔಘ(pull) • ίϯςφͷ࡞੒(create) • ίϯςφͷىಈ(start)

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DockerͰUbuntuΛ࢖͏

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ubuntuΛىಈ͢Δ $ docker pull ubuntu $ docker images $ docker create ubuntu $ docker ps -a $ docker start $ docker ps -a $ docker run -it /bin/bash root@:/# cat /etc/os-release NAME="Ubuntu" VERSION="18.04.2 LTS (Bionic Beaver)" ... root@:/# exit

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psίϚϯυΦϓγϣϯͷิ଍ • -a ఀࢭ͍ͯ͠Δίϯςφ΋ؚΊͯදࣔ

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runίϚϯυΦϓγϣϯͷҙຯ • -i Dockerίϯςφىಈ࣌ʹɺඪ४ೖྗ(STDIN) ΛอͭΑ͏ʹ͢Δ • -t Ծ૝୺຤(pseudo0TTY)ΛίϯςφʹׂΓ౰ ͯΔ

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ΦϓγϣϯͷڍಈΛ֬ೝ͢Δ $ docker run -i ubuntu /bin/bash $ docker run -t ubuntu /bin/bash $ docker run ubuntu /bin/bash

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ίϯςφɺΠϝʔδͷ࡟আ # コンテナIDを指定して削除 $ docker rm # イメージIDを指定して削除 $ docker rmi # コンテナ、イメージ全て削除 $ docker system prune -af # コンテナ、イメージ、ボリューム全て削除 $ docker system prune -af --volumes

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Docker Compose ͱ͸ • ෳ਺ίϯςφͷߏஙखॱΛઃఆϑΝΠϧͰ؅ཧ • 1ͭͷϑΝΠϧʹෳ਺ͷαʔϏεΛఆٛ • 1ίϚϯυͰෳ਺ίϯςφΛىಈɾఀࢭ • DockerϨδετϦ͔Β1ͭͣͭΠϯετʔϧ͢ ΔΑΓ෼͔Γ΍͍͢

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Dockerͷ֓ཁઆ໌͓ΘΓ

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ࠓճͷϋϯζΦϯͷΰʔϧ

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ΰʔϧ • app(php-fpm)ίϯςφΛཱͯΔ • web(nginx)ίϯςφΛཱͯΔ • LaravelΛΠϯετʔϧ͢Δ • db(MySQL)ίϯςφΛཱͯΔ • ؀ڥΛഁغͯ͠ɺ࠶ߏங͢Δ

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࠷ऴతͳσΟϨΫτϦߏ੒ . ├── README.md ├── docker │ ├── mysql │ │ └── my.cnf │ ├── nginx │ │ └── default.conf │ └── php │ ├── Dockerfile │ └── php.ini ├── docker-compose.yml ├── logs │ ├── access.log │ ├── error.log │ ├── mysql-error.log │ ├── mysql-query.log │ ├── mysql-slow.log │ └── php-error.log └── src └── readme.md

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Laravel5.8ͷΠϯετʔϧཁ݅ • PHP >= 7.1.3 • BCMath PHP֦ு • Ctype PHP֦ு • JSON PHP֦ு • Mbstring PHP֦ு • OpenSSL PHP֦ு • PDO PHP֦ு • Tokenizer PHP֦ு • XML PHP֦ு

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ϋϯζΦϯελʔτʂ https://qiita.com/ucan-lab/items/ 56c9dc3cf2e6762672f4

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appίϯςφΛ࡞Δ

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COMPOSE_PROJECT_NAME=docker-laravel-handson DB_NAME=homestead DB_USER=homestead DB_PASS=secret TZ=Asia/Tokyo .env

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؀ڥϑΝΠϧ • docker-compose.ymlͱಉ͡Ґஔʹ഑ஔ • σϑΥϧτͷ؀ڥม਺Λఆٛ • COMPOSE_PROJECT_NAME  ͸ComposeͷϓϩδΣΫτ໊Λࢦఆ  σϑΥϧτ͸ϓϩδΣΫτͷσΟϨΫτϦ

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؀ڥϑΝΠϧ-ࢀߟࢿྉ • http://docs.docker.jp/compose/env-ﬁle.html • http://docs.docker.jp/compose/reference/ envvars.html

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version: "3" services: app: build: context: ./docker/php args: - TZ=${TZ} volumes: - ./src:/work - ./logs:/var/log/php - ./docker/php/php.ini:/usr/local/etc/php/php.ini working_dir: /work environment: - DB_CONNECTION=mysql - DB_HOST=db - DB_DATABASE=${DB_NAME} - DB_USERNAME=${DB_USER} - DB_PASSWORD=${DB_PASS} - TZ=${TZ} docker-compose.yml

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docker-compose.ymlͷิ଍ • version: docker-composeͷઃఆϑΝΠϧͷόʔδϣϯ(ࠓ͸3.7͕࠷ ৽) • ֤αʔϏε͸image·ͨ͸buildΛࢦఆ͢Δ • context: DockerϑΝΠϧ΁ͷ૬ରύε • args: DockerϑΝΠϧʹ౉͢Ҿ਺ • volumes: ϘϦϡʔϜͱͯ͠DockerίϯςφʹϚ΢ϯτ • working_dir: ࡞ۀ৔ॴ(ίϯςφʹೖͬͨͱ͖ͷ৔ॴʹͳΔ) • environment: ؀ڥม਺Λઃఆ

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FROM php:7.3.7-fpm-alpine LABEL maintainer "ucan-lab" ARG TZ ENV COMPOSER_ALLOW_SUPERUSER 1 ENV COMPOSER_HOME /composer RUN set -eux && \ apk add --update-cache --no-cache --virtual=.build-dependencies tzdata && \ cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/${TZ} /etc/localtime && \ apk del .build-dependencies && \ docker-php-ext-install bcmath pdo_mysql && \ curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php -- --install-dir=/usr/ bin --filename=composer && \ composer config -g repos.packagist composer https://packagist.jp && \ composer global require hirak/prestissimo docker/php/Dockerﬁle

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FROM໋ྩͷิ଍ • Alpine Linux • LinuxσΟετϦϏϡʔγϣϯ • ૊ΈࠐΈܥͰΑ͘࢖ΘΕ͍ͯΔ • BusyBoxͱmuslΛϕʔε • BusyBox + ύοέʔδϚωʔδϟ(apk)͕AlpineLinux

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Alpine Linux ͷΠϝʔδαΠζ $ docker pull alpine $ docker pull ubuntu $ docker pull centos $ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE alpine latest b7b28af77ffe 6 days ago 5.58MB ubuntu latest 4c108a37151f 4 weeks ago 64.2MB centos latest 9f38484d220f 4 months ago 202MB • Alpine͸Θ͔ͣ5MB • Ubuntuͷ1/12ɺCentOSͷ1/36ͷαΠζ

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docker/php/Dockerﬁle • FROM ͰϕʔεΠϝʔδΛࢦఆ • LABEL Ͱ࡞ऀΛઃఆ • ARG Ͱ docker-compose.ymlͷҾ਺औಘ • ENV Ͱ ؀ڥม਺ઃఆ • RUN ͰඞཁͳϥΠϒϥϦΛΠϯετʔϧ

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RUN໋ྩͷิ଍1 • set -eux • -e θϩ(ਖ਼ৗ)Ͱͳ͍εςʔλεͰίϚϯυ͕ऴྃ͠ ͨΒɺଈ࠲ʹऴྃ͢Δɻ • -u ະׂΓ౰ͯͷม਺ͳͲ͕͋Ε͹Τϥʔͱ͢Δɻ • -x ίϚϯυΛ࣮ߦͨ࣌͠ʹɺͦͷίϚϯυͱҾ਺ Λදࣔ͢Δɻ

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RUN໋ྩͷิ଍2 • set -eux γΣϧεΫϦϓτͷΦϓγϣϯ • -e θϩ(ਖ਼ৗ)Ͱͳ͍εςʔλεͰίϚϯυ͕ऴྃͨ͠ Βɺଈ࠲ʹऴྃ͢Δɻ • -u ະׂΓ౰ͯͷม਺ͳͲ͕͋Ε͹Τϥʔͱ͢Δɻ • -x ίϚϯυΛ࣮ߦͨ࣌͠ʹɺͦͷίϚϯυͱҾ਺Λද ࣔ͢Δɻ

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RUN໋ྩͷิ଍3 • apk add ʙ apk del ·Ͱ  alpineͷλΠϜκʔϯΛઃఆ͍ͯ͠Δ • docker-php-ext-install  LaravelͰඞཁͳPHP֦ுϥΠϒϥϦΛΠϯε τʔϧ • ComposerͷΠϯετʔϧˍߴ଎Խઃఆ

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RUN໋ྩͷิ଍4 • RUN, ADD, COPY໋ྩΛ࣮ߦ͢ΔͱΠϝʔδ ϨΠϠ͕1ຕ૿͑Δ • ΠϝʔδϨΠϠͷ਺ΛݮΒͨ͢Ίʹ && \ Ͱϫ ϯϥΠφʔʹઃఆ͍ͯ͠Δ • ෆཁͳϥΠϒϥϦ͸ೖΕͳ͍ɺ࢒͞ͳ͍

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error_reporting = E_ERROR | E_WARNING | E_PARSE | E_NOTICE display_errors = stdout display_startup_errors = on log_errors = on error_log = /var/log/php/php-error.log upload_max_filesize = -1 memory_limit = -1 post_max_size = 100M max_execution_time = 900 max_input_vars = 100000 default_charset = UTF-8 [Date] date.timezone = ${TZ} [mbstring] mbstring.language = Japanese docker/php/php.ini

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docker/php/php.ini • Τϥʔϩάͷઃఆ • ϝϞϦपΓͷઃఆ • จࣈίʔυͷઃఆ • ೔ຊޠ؀ڥͷઃఆ(mbstring) • λΠϜκʔϯͷઃఆ

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Ϗϧυ • docker-compose up ͸ docker-compose.yml ʹఆٛͨ͠αʔϏεΛىಈ͠ ·͢ɻ • -d ʮσλονυʯϞʔυͰίϯςφΛىಈ͠·͢ɻ • σϑΥϧτ͸ʮΞλονυʯϞʔυͰશͯͷίϯςφϩάΛը໘্ʹදࣔ • ʮσλονυʯϞʔυͰ͸όοΫάϥ΢ϯυͰಈ࡞ • --build ίϯςφͷ։࢝લʹΠϝʔδΛߏங͠·͢ • ಛʹมߋ͕ͳ͍৔߹͸Ωϟογϡ͕࢖༻͞Ε·͢ɻ $ docker-compoose up -d --build

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webίϯςφΛ࡞Δ

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web: image: nginx:1.17.1-alpine depends_on: - app ports: - 10080:80 volumes: - ./src:/work - ./logs:/var/log/nginx - ./docker/nginx/default.conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf environment: - TZ=${TZ} docker-compose.yml

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• image: ϕʔεΠϝʔδΛͦͷ··࢖͏ • depends_on: αʔϏεͷىಈॱ൪ઃఆ • ports: ϙʔτެ։ઃఆ(ϗετ:ίϯςφ) docker-compose.ymlͷิ଍

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server { listen 80; root /work/public; index index.php; charset utf-8; location / { root /work/public; try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$is_args$args; } location ~ \.php$ { fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$; fastcgi_pass app:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; include fastcgi_params; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info; } } docker/nginx/default.conf

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docker/nginx/default.confͷิ଍ • nginxͷઃఆϑΝΠϧ • fastcgi_pass app:9000; • αʔϏε໊Λࢦఆͯ͠php-fpmͷύεΛࢦ ఆͰ͖·͢

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LaravelΛΠϯετʔϧ͢Δ

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db: image: mysql:8.0.16 volumes: - db-store:/var/lib/mysql - ./logs:/var/log/mysql - ./docker/mysql/my.cnf:/etc/mysql/conf.d/my.cnf environment: - MYSQL_DATABASE=${DB_NAME} - MYSQL_USER=${DB_USER} - MYSQL_PASSWORD=${DB_PASS} - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=${DB_PASS} - TZ=${TZ} volumes: db-store: driver: local LaravelΛΠϯετʔϧ͢Δ

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Composer Create-Project • LaravelΠϯετʔϥ • ࠷৽൛͕Πϯετʔϧ͞ΕΔ • Composer Create-Project • όʔδϣϯࢦఆ͕Ͱ͖Δ

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dbίϯςφΛ࡞Δ

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docker-compose.ymlͷิ଍ • db-store: σʔλϘϦϡʔϜίϯς  (໊લ෇͖ϘϦϡʔϜ΍τοϓϨϕϧϘϦϡʔϜͱ ΋ݺͿ) • ޡͬͯσʔλΛ࡟আ͠ʹ͍͘ͷͰ͓͢͢Ί

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[mysqld] character-set-server = utf8mb4 collation-server = utf8mb4_bin default-time-zone = SYSTEM log_timestamps = SYSTEM default-authentication-plugin = mysql_native_password log-error = /var/log/mysql/mysql-error.log slow_query_log = 1 slow_query_log_file = /var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log long_query_time = 5.0 log_queries_not_using_indexes = 0 general_log = 1 general_log_file = /var/log/mysql/mysql-query.log [mysql] default-character-set = utf8mb4 [client] default-character-set = utf8mb4 docker/mysql/my.cnf

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docker/mysql/my.cnfͷิ଍ • จࣈίʔυͷઃఆ • λΠϜκʔϯͷઃఆ • ௨ৗϩάɺεϩʔΫΤϦϩάɺΤϥʔϩάઃఆ • σϑΥϧτೝূϓϥάΠϯͷมߋ • ৽͍͠઀ଓϓϥάΠϯ͕αϙʔτ͞Ε͍ͯͳ͍ͨΊ

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