Web Application Hardening

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8FC"QQMJDBUJPO)BSEFOJOH GPS#PPU$BNQ 吳䒭⠓爡ؙٕٔ٦زذؙظٗآ٦ؤ ؟؎غ٦إُؗٔذ؍ؒٝآص،ؚٔٝ鿇 ؙؔٔذ؍وطآًٝزؚٕ٦ف 銮募㸹儙

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ֿך闌纏חאְג

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8FC،فٔ؛٦ءّٝ׾㛙暕⻉ׇ״ • ث٦يחⴓַ׸ծ֮׷8FC،فٔך腚䓲䚍׾䱱׃ג⥜姻׃ג갥ֹתׅ • 闌纏傈湡ծ銮募ָ涺ׁ׿ך8FC،فٔח余䷼׾➬䱦ֽתׅ • 余䷼׾굸׵׏ג׃ת׏׋ث٦يכծؚٗח婍ׁ׸׋䩛ַָ׶׾걾׶חծ ⾱㔓锃叨׾׃ג갥ֹתׅ • ꣇ּֿהָדֹ׋ث٦يכծוך״ֲח꣇ְ׌ַ׾涪邌׃גֻ׌ְׁ

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闌纏ךأ؛آُ٦ٕ 儎⠅׫ 闌纏ך铡僇怴统腚䓲䚍䱱׃ה⥜姻 剢傈剢剢傈抟怴统ךؼٝز 怴统׾竲ֽ׋ְ➂כ⟣䠐ד 儎⠅׫ 怴统腚䓲䚍䱱׃ה⥜姻 怴统余䷼Ꟛ㨣ה⾱㔓锃叨

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ث٦ي圓䧭 • 倜➂➂傊➂_➂ד鎘せךث٦ي׾א⡲׶תׅ ӧ ӧׁ׿ ӛ ӛׁ׿ ӎӎׁ׿ ☓☓ׁ׿ ӧ ӧׁ׿ ӛ ӛׁ׿ ӎӎׁ׿ ☓☓ׁ׿ ث٦ي" ث٦ي#

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㛙暕⻉ׅ׷8FC،فٔ

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#PPU$BNQ4/4 • 3VCZ娖٠剢ך銮募ָ⡲׏׋腚䓲䚍׋׏ף׶ך知僒4/4 • ؝٦سכ銮募ך(JU)VCח֮׶תׅ IUUQTHJUIVCDPNOJTIJNVOFBCPPUDBNQTOT • 5XJUUFS׫׋ְז،فٔדׅ ˉ 俑㶵תדךذؗأز䫎珲הծ歗⫷䫎珲堣腉կ⟗꟦ず㡦דאזָ׷ • 'JSFGPYծ$ISPNFחג⹛⡲׾然钠

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*OUFSOFU ؟٦غך圓䧭 • 6CVOUV4FSWFS-54 • 3VCZ • 3VCZPO3BJMT • /HJOY • 6OJDPSO • *NBHF.BHJDL Y • .Z42-B ؟٦غث٦ي" *1 UDQ ؟٦غث٦ي# *1 UDQ

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׮׃׮8FC،فָٔ㠨׸׋׵ • TTIד8FC؟٦غחؚٗ؎ٝ׃ծ⟃♴ך䩛갫ד䗁傊׃גֻ׌ְׁ $ cd /var/www/app/ $ mv sns sns.old $ git clone https://github.com/nishimunea/bootcampsns sns $ sudo chown –R www-data.www-data sns $ sudo /etc/init.d/unicorn start

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岣䠐✲갪 • ➭ך「闌罏װ➭ך؟٦غח余䷼׃זְֿה • 兛媮ךػأٙ٦سכ⢪׻זְֿה ˉ 8FC،فٔח腚䓲䚍ָ֮׷הծ銮募װ➭ך「闌罏חغٖ׷䛊׸ָ֮׶תׅ • 怴统ך㔐瘶כ猼㺘ח׃גֻ׌ְׁ ˉ 怴统⚥ծ8FC،فٔך؝٦سכ1VCMJDז(JU)VCזוד㢌刿盖椚׃ג圓ְתׇ׿ָծ 怴统䖓ח䗳׆⵴ꤐ׃גֻ׌ְׁ

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ؚٗ؎ٝせ ػأٙ٦س ؚٗ؎ٝ #PPU$BNQ4/4 倜鋉ⵃ欽כֿ׍׵ ؒٓ٦⳿⸂ ؚٗ؎ٝ钠鏾ؒٓ٦ 倜鋉ⵃ欽כֿ׍׵ ؚٗ؎ٝせ ػأٙ٦س ⵃ欽Ꟛ㨣 ِ٦ؠ涫ꐮ ؒٓ٦⳿⸂ 邌爙せ歗⫷ ،حف ٗ٦س ؚٗ؎ٝ䧭⸆ ⵃ欽Ꟛ㨣䧭⸆ ⵃ欽Ꟛ㨣ؒٓ٦ 钠鏾ؒٓ٦٥ ؚٗ،ؐز 铣׫鴥׫ ㊯׷俑㶵⟃ⰻ ח׃׬י֮ ײתך ח׃׬י֮ 爡㆞鏾זֻ׃׋ "QQMFJ1IPOFחג乆䕦 ⟝ך倜滠䫎珲 ׮׏ה铣׬

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㊯׷俑㶵⟃ⰻ ח׃׬י֮ ײתך ח׃׬י֮ 爡㆞鏾זֻ׃׋ "QQMFJ1IPOFחג乆䕦 ⟝ך倜滠䫎珲 ׮׏ה铣׬ 歗⫷׾䫎珲 ⿼➂׾涫ꐮ ؚٗ،ؐز

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#PPU$BNQ4/4ך堣腉➬圫

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㊯׷俑㶵⟃ⰻ ח׃׬י֮ ײתך ח׃׬י֮ 爡㆞鏾זֻ׃׋ "QQMFJ1IPOFחג乆䕦 ⟝ך倜滠䫎珲 ׮׏ה铣׬ ؚٗ؎ٝせ ػأٙ٦س ؚٗ؎ٝ #PPU$BNQ4/4 倜鋉ⵃ欽כֿ׍׵ ؒٓ٦⳿⸂ ؚٗ؎ٝ钠鏾ؒٓ٦ ؚٗ؎ٝせ ػأٙ٦س ⵃ欽Ꟛ㨣 ِ٦ؠ涫ꐮ ؒٓ٦⳿⸂ 邌爙せ歗⫷ ،حف ٗ٦س ؚٗ؎ٝ䧭⸆ ⵃ欽Ꟛ㨣䧭⸆ ⵃ欽Ꟛ㨣ؒٓ٦ 钠鏾ؒٓ٦٥ ؚٗ،ؐز 铣׫鴥׫ 'ؿٖ٦ي邌爙 'ؚٗ؎ٝ歗꬗ 'ِ٦ؠ涫ꐮ歗꬗ 'ؚٗ؎ٝ 'فٗؿ؍٦ٕ歗⫷涫ꐮ 'ِ٦ؠ涫ꐮ 'ؿٖ٦يꬊ邌爙 'ؿٖ٦ي邌爙 ً؎ٝ歗꬗如갤 倜鋉ⵃ欽כֿ׍׵

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㊯׷俑㶵⟃ⰻ ח׃׬י֮ ײתך ח׃׬י֮ 爡㆞鏾זֻ׃׋ "QQMFJ1IPOFחג乆䕦 ⟝ך倜滠䫎珲 ׮׏ה铣׬ 'ذؗأز䫎珲 '倜滠䫎珲ٗ٦س 'فٗؿ؍٦ٕ歗⫷邌爙 '䫎珲ٗ٦س '麓⿠䫎珲ٗ٦س 歗⫷׾䫎珲 ⿼➂׾涫ꐮ ؚٗ،ؐز '歗⫷䫎珲 '⿼➂涫ꐮ 'ؚٗ،ؐز

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'ؿٖ٦ي邌爙 • ً؎ٝ歗꬗QVCMJDJOEFYIUNMכٗ٦س湫䖓ծMPDBM4UPSBHFחِ٦ؠ䞔㜠ָ ろת׸גְ׷ֿה׾然钠 • ِ٦ؠせָ呓秛ׁ׸גְזֽ׸לծؿٗ٦ذ؍ؚٝJGSBNF׾Ꟛֹծ ؚٗ؎ٝ歗꬗ ' ׾邌爙ׅ׷ • ً؎ٝ歗꬗כծ"1*ךٖأهٝأ؝٦سָ鵤⽱ׁ׸׋㜥さծ$PPLJFךإحءّٝ䞔㜠ָ 搀⸬⻉٥֮׷ְכ㣟⸬׃׋׮ךהⴻ倖׃ծ䓼ⵖ涸חؚٗ،ؐز ' ׾遤ֲ • ؚٗ،ؐز ' ָ姻䌢穄✪׃׋㜥さכծMPDBM4UPSBHFח呓秛ׁ׸׋ِ٦ؠ䞔㜠׾⵴ꤐ׃ծ ؿٗ٦ذ؍ؚٝJGSBNFדⱄ䏝ؚٗ؎ٝ歗꬗ ' ׾邌爙ׅ׷ • ؿٗ٦ذ؍ؚٝJGSBNF邌爙⚥כծً؎ٝ歗꬗ך乼⡲׾ـٗحؙׅ׷

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'ؚٗ؎ٝ歗꬗MPHJOIUNM • ؚٗ؎ٝせהػأٙ٦سדؚٗ؎ٝ〳腉הׅ׷ ˉ Ⰵ⸂〳腉俑㶵כծ6OJDPEFך#BTJD-BUJO6։ 6' ך眔㔲הׅ׷ ˉ ؚٗ؎ٝせהػأٙ٦سכ剑㣐俑㶵הז׷״ֲחؿؓ٦يדⵖꣲׅ׷ • ؚٗ؎ٝنةٝ׾䬃ׅהծꬊず劍דؚٗ؎ٝ ' ׾㹋遤ׅ׷ • ؚٗ؎ٝ ' ָ姻䌢穄✪׃׋׵ծ؟٦غַ׵鵤⽱ׁ׸׋ِ٦ؠ䞔㜠׾MPDBM4UPSBHFח 呓秛׃ծؿٖ٦يꬊ邌爙 ' ׾㹋遤׃גؚٗ؎ٝ歗꬗׾ꟗׄծً؎ٝ歗꬗ח鼂獳ׅ׷ • ؚٗ؎ٝ ' ָ殯䌢穄✪׃׋׵ծ鵤⽱ׁ׸׋ؒٓ٦俑鎉׾邌爙ׅ׷

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'ؚٗ؎ٝ1045TFTTJPOT 㹋鄲⢽ 1045TFTTJPOT ؙٔؒأزنر؍ VTFSؚٗ؎ٝせ䗳갭٥俑㶵⴨ QBTTػأٙ٦س䗳갭٥俑㶵⴨ ٖأهٝأ؝٦س 姻䌢穄✪ 殯䌢穄✪ ٖأهٝأنر؍ BQQMJDBUJPOKTPO 姻䌢穄✪ OBNFؚٗ؎ِٝ٦ؠך邌爙せ JDPOفٗؿ؍٦ٕ歗⫷63- 殯䌢穄✪ FSSPSTؒٓ٦ًحإ٦آꂁ⴨ ⪒罋 • إحءّٝ䞔㜠ِ٦ؠ*%׾$PPLJFח鎸ꐮ׃תׅ

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'ِ٦ؠ涫ꐮ歗꬗SFHJTUFSIUNM • 邌爙せծؚٗ؎ٝせծػأٙ٦سךⰅ⸂ؿؓ٦ي׾邌爙ׅ׷ ˉ ؚٗ؎ٝせהػأٙ٦سךⰅ⸂〳腉俑㶵כծ6OJDPEFך#BTJD-BUJO6։ 6' ך眔㔲הׅ׷ ˉ ؚٗ؎ٝせծػأٙ٦سծ邌爙せכ剑㣐俑㶵תדהׅ׷ ˉ 邌爙せחכ⟣䠐ך俑㶵⴨׾ⵃ欽〳腉 • فٗؿ؍٦ٕ歗⫷涫ꐮ ' ך׋׭ծ歗⫷׾سٗحفׅ׷瀂䕎ؒٔ،׾邌爙ׅ׷ ˉ 歗⫷ָسٗحفׁ׸׋׵ծꬊず劍דفٗؿ؍٦ٕ歗⫷涫ꐮ ' ׾㹋遤ׅ׷ ˉ فٗؿ؍٦ٕ歗⫷涫ꐮ ' ָ殯䌢穄✪׃׋׵ծ鵤⽱ׁ׸׋ؒٓ٦俑鎉׾邌爙ׅ׷ • ⵃ欽Ꟛ㨣نةָٝ䬃ׁ׸׋׵ծꬊず劍דِ٦ؠ涫ꐮ ' ׾㹋遤ׅ׷ • ِ٦ؠ涫ꐮָ姻䌢穄✪׃׋׵ծ؟٦غַ׵鵤⽱ׁ׸׋ِ٦ؠ䞔㜠׾ MPDBM4UPSBHFח呓秛׃ծؿٖ٦يꬊ邌爙 ' ׾㹋遤ׅ׷ • ِ٦ؠ涫ꐮ ' ָ殯䌢穄✪׃׋׵ծ؟٦غַ׵鵤⽱ׁ׸׋ؒٓ٦俑鎉׾邌爙ׅ׷

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'فٗؿ؍٦ٕ歗⫷涫ꐮ1045JDPOT 㹋鄲⢽ 1045JDPOT ؙٔؒأزنر؍ GJMFOBNF歗⫷ؿ؋؎ٕせ䗳갭٥俑㶵⴨ GJMF歗⫷ؿ؋؎ٕ䗳갭٥غ؎شٔ SFTJ[F@NBY@QJYFMٔ؟؎ؤ儗ך剑㣐ؾؙإٕ侧⟣䠐٥侭侧 ٖأهٝأ؝٦س 姻䌢穄✪ 殯䌢穄✪ ٖأهٝأنر؍ BQQMJDBUJPOKTPO 姻䌢穄✪ GJMF@OBNF،حفٗ٦سׁ׸׋فٗؿ؍٦ٕ歗⫷ךؿ؋؎ٕせ殯䌢穄✪ FSSPSTؒٓ٦ًحإ٦آ ⪒罋 • SFTJ[F@NBY@QJYFMח剣⸬ז⦼ָ䭷㹀ׁ׸׋㜥さծ䭷㹀ׁ׸׋ؾؙإٕ⟃ⰻח　ת׷״ֲ歗⫷׾ٔ؟؎ؤׅ׷ • 歗⫷ؿ؋؎ָٕ1/(ծ(*'ծ+1&(⟃㢩ד֮׸לծ殯䌢穄✪ׅ׷

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'ِ٦ؠ涫ꐮ1045VTFST 㹋鄲⢽ 1045VTFST ؙٔؒأزنر؍ VTFSؚٗ؎ٝせ䗳갭٥俑㶵⴨ VTFSػأٙ٦س䗳갭٥俑㶵⴨ VTFS邌爙せ䗳갭٥俑㶵⴨ VTFSفٗؿ؍٦ٕ歗⫷ךؿ؋؎ٕせ⟣䠐٥俑㶵⴨ ٖأهٝأ؝٦س 姻䌢穄✪ 殯䌢穄✪ ٖأهٝأنر؍ BQQMJDBUJPOKTPO 姻䌢穄✪ OBNFؚٗ؎ِٝ٦ؠך邌爙せ JDPOؚٗ؎ِٝ٦ؠךفٗؿ؍٦ٕ歗⫷63- 殯䌢穄✪ FSSPSTؒٓ٦ًحإ٦آ ⪒罋 • $PPLJFחإحءّٝ䞔㜠ِ٦ؠ*%׾鎸ꐮ׃תׅ • فٗؿ؍٦ٕ歗⫷ָ䭷㹀ׁ׸גְזְַծ姻׃ְ歗⫷ؿ؋؎ٕדזְ㜥さծ ؟٦غ⩎ד欽䠐׃׋رؿٕؓز歗⫷׾فٗؿ؍٦ٕ歗⫷ח鏣㹀׃תׅ

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'ؿٖ٦يꬊ邌爙 • ؚٗ؎ٝ ' ת׋כِ٦ؠ涫ꐮ ' ָ姻䌢穄✪׃׋㜥さծ؟٦غַ׵鵤⽱ׁ׸׋ ِ٦ؠ䞔㜠׾MPDBM4UPSBHFח⥂㶷׃ծؿٗ٦ذ؍ؚٝJGSBNF׾⵴ꤐׅ׷ ˉ ً؎ٝ歗꬗ך乼⡲ךـٗحؙ׾鍑ꤐׅ׷

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'فٗؿ؍٦ٕ歗⫷邌爙(&5VTFSTJEJDPO 㹋鄲⢽ (&5VTFSTJDPO ؙٔؒأزنر؍ JEِ٦ؠ*%䗳갭٥侭侧 ٖأهٝأ؝٦س 姻䌢穄✪ 殯䌢穄✪ ٖأهٝأنر؍ BQQMJDBUJPOKTPO 姻䌢穄✪ فٗؿ؍٦ٕ歗⫷ 殯䌢穄✪ رؿٕؓز歗⫷ ⪒罋

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'⿼➂涫ꐮ • ؿٗ٦ذ؍ؚٝJGSBNFחגծ⿼➂ך涫ꐮؿؓ٦ي׾邌爙ׅ׷ ˉ 胜꬗ךً؎ٝ歗꬗ָ䬃♴ׁ׸׋㜥さծؿٗ٦ذ؍ؚٝJGSBNF׾ꟗׄ׷ • 涫ꐮ׃׋ְ⿼➂ךؚٗ؎ٝせ׾ؿؓ٦يחⰅ⸂׃ծ涫ꐮنةٝ׾䬃ֿׅהדծ ⿼➂涫ꐮָ㸣✪ׅ׷ ˉ 劤怴统דכծ⿼➂ך涫ꐮׅ׷ꥷחծ׉ךِ٦ؠ劤➂ך鏩〳׾実׭זֻג葺ְ➬圫הׅ׷ ˉ ⿼➂ך涫ꐮחכծ如ل٦آך"1*׾欽ְ׷ ˉ ⿼➂涫ꐮ"1*כꬊず劍ד㹋遤׃ծ䧭⸆׃׋㜥さכل٦آ׾ٔٗ٦س׃ծ䫎珲׾倜鋉《䖤ׅ׷կ 㣟侁׃׋㜥さכؿٗ٦ذ؍ؚٝJGSBNF♳חؒٓ٦ًحإ٦آ׾邌爙ׅ׷

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'⿼➂涫ꐮ1045GSJFOET 㹋鄲⢽ 1045GSJFOET ؙٔؒأزنر؍ VTFS⿼➂涫ꐮ׃׋ְِ٦ؠךؚٗ؎ٝせ䗳갭٥俑㶵⴨ ٖأهٝأ؝٦س 姻䌢穄✪ 殯䌢穄✪♶姻זؙٔؒأز 殯䌢穄✪♶姻זإحءّٝ ٖأهٝأنر؍ BQQMJDBUJPOKTPO 姻䌢穄✪ ז׃ 殯䌢穄✪ FSSPSTؒٓ٦ًحإ٦آ ⪒罋

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'ؚٗ،ؐز%&-&5&TFTTJPOT 㹋鄲⢽ %&-&5&TFTTJPOT ؙٔؒأزنر؍ ז׃ ٖأهٝأ؝٦س 姻䌢穄✪ 殯䌢穄✪♶姻זإحءّٝ ٖأهٝأنر؍ BQQMJDBUJPOKTPO ז׃ ⪒罋

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'ذؗأز䫎珲1045GFFET 㹋鄲⢽ 1045GFFET ؙٔؒأزنر؍ GFFE@UZQFUFYU䗳갭٥俑㶵⴨ DPNNFOU؝ًٝز䗳갭٥俑㶵⴨ ٖأهٝأ؝٦س 姻䌢穄✪ 殯䌢穄✪ ♶姻זؙٔؒأز 殯䌢穄✪ ♶姻זإحءّٝ ٖأهٝأنر؍ BQQMJDBUJPOKTPO ז׃ ⪒罋 • GFFE@UZQFָUFYU⟃㢩ך㜥さծ俑㶵⴨ָ俑㶵⟃♳ך㜥さכ殯䌢穄✪ׅ׷

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'歗⫷䫎珲 • ؿٗ٦ذ؍ؚٝJGSBNFד歗⫷ך䫎珲歗꬗׾邌爙ׅ׷ ˉ 胜꬗ךً؎ٝ歗꬗ָ䬃♴ׁ׸׋㜥さծؿٗ٦ذ؍ؚٝJGSBNF׾ꟗׄ׷ • 歗⫷׾سٗحف〳腉ז瀂䕎ؒٔ،׾邌爙ׅ׷ ˉ 歗⫷ָسٗحفׁ׸׋׵ծꬊず劍ד如ل٦آך"1*׾㹋遤ׅ׷ ˉ "1*㹋遤䖓ծؿٗ٦ذ؍ؚٝJGSBNF׾ꟗׄ׷ • 䫎珲ָ䧭⸆׃׋㜥さծ倜滠䫎珲ٗ٦س ' ׾㹋遤׃ծ倜滠ך䫎珲׾邌爙ׅ׷

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'歗⫷䫎珲1045GFFET 㹋鄲⢽ 1045GFFET ؙٔؒأزنر؍ GFFE@UZQFJNBHF䗳갭٥俑㶵⴨ JNBHF歗⫷ؿ؋؎ٕ 䗳갭٥غ؎شٔ ٖأهٝأ؝٦س 姻䌢穄✪ 殯䌢穄✪ ♶姻זؙٔؒأز 殯䌢穄✪ ♶姻זإحءّٝ ٖأهٝأنر؍ BQQMJDBUJPOKTPO ז׃ ⪒罋 • GFFE@UZQFָJNBHF⟃㢩ך㜥さծ䫎珲ׁ׸׋ؿ؋؎ָٕ姻׃ְ歗⫷דזְ㜥さכ殯䌢穄✪ׅ׷

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'倜滠䫎珲ٗ٦س • ً؎ٝ歗꬗כծ如ل٦آך倜滠ٗ٦س"1*׾猱縧ֹח涪遤׃ծ倜滠䫎珲ך侧׾《䖤ׅ׷ • 倜滠䫎珲ך侧ָ⟝⟃♳֮׸לծ歗꬗חչ/⟝ך倜滠䫎珲պنةٝ׾邌爙ׅ׷ ˉ 倜滠䫎珲ָ⟝ך㜥さծת׋כ殯䌢穄✪׃׋㜥さכծنةٝ׾歗꬗ַ׵嶊⿠ׅ׷ • نةٝ׾䬃׃׋㜥さծ倜滠䫎珲"1*׾涪遤׃ծ倜滠䫎珲ךٗ٦س׾遤ֲ ˉ 植㖈ٗ٦س׃גְ׷䫎珲⟃꣬ח涫ꐮׁ׸׋Ⰻגך䫎珲׾ٗ٦سׅ׷ ˉ "1*涪遤䖓ծչ/⟝ך倜滠䫎珲պنةٝ׾歗꬗ַ׵嶊⿠ׅ׷ ˉ ٗ٦س׃׋䫎珲׾歗꬗ח邌爙ׅ׷ ˉ GJOE@OFXהGJOE@PMEך"1*ך㛇挿הׅ׷׋׭ծ歗꬗ח邌爙ׁ׸גְ׷剑倜ה剑〢ךؿ؍٦س*%כ+BWB4DSJQUד盖椚ׅ׷

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'倜滠䫎珲ٗ٦س(&5GFFETGFFE@JEGJOE@OFX 㹋鄲⢽ (&5GFFETGJOE@OFX JODMVEF@JUFNT ؙٔؒأزنر؍ GFFE@JE 㛇挿הׅ׷ؿ؍٦س*%䗳갭٥侭侧 JODMVEF@JUFNT 䫎珲ⰻ㺁׾《䖤ׅ׷ַやַ⟣䠐٥JOUFHFS ٖأهٝأ؝٦س 姻䌢穄✪ 殯䌢穄✪ ♶姻זؙٔؒأز 殯䌢穄✪ ♶姻זإحءّٝ ٖأهٝأنر؍ BQQMJDBUJPOKTPO 䖓鶢ךչ䫎珲ٗ٦س堣腉ךٖأهٝأنر؍պ׾⿫撑 ⪒罋 • JODMVEF@JUFNTָ㶷㖈׃זְծת׋כ⦼ָ⟃㢩ך㜥さծDPVOUך׫鵤⽱ׅ׷ • ِ٦ؠ劤➂ה׉ך⿼➂ך䫎珲ך׫《䖤〳腉הׅ׷

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'麓⿠䫎珲ٗ٦س • ً؎ٝ歗꬗כծ麓⿠䫎珲ٗ٦س"1*׾涪遤׃ծ歗꬗ח邌爙ׁ׸גְזְ 麓⿠䫎珲ך侧׾《䖤ׅ׷ • 麓⿠䫎珲ך侧ָ⟝⟃♳֮׸לծ歗꬗חչ׮׏ה铣׬պنةٝ׾邌爙ׅ׷ ˉ 倜滠䫎珲ָ⟝ך㜥さծת׋כ殯䌢穄✪׃׋㜥さכծنةٝ׾邌爙׃זְ • نةٝ׾䬃׃׋㜥さծ麓⿠䫎珲"1*׾涪遤׃ծ麓⿠䫎珲׾ٗ٦سׅ׷ ˉ 植㖈ٗ٦س׃גְ׷䫎珲ך⵸ח涫ꐮׁ׸גְ׷⟝ⴓך䫎珲׾ٗ٦سׅ׷ ˉ "1*涪遤䖓ծչ׮׏ה铣׬պنةٝ׾歗꬗ַ׵嶊⿠ׅ׷ ˉ ٗ٦س׃׋䫎珲׾歗꬗ח邌爙׃ծⱄ䏝ծ麓⿠䫎珲ך侧׾《䖤ׅ׷ ˉ 麓⿠䫎珲ָת׌㶷㖈ׅ׷㜥さכծչ׮׏ה铣׬պنةٝ׾ⱄן邌爙ׅ׷

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'麓⿠䫎珲ٗ٦س(&5GFFETGFFE@JEGJOE@PME 㹋鄲⢽ (&5GFFETGJOE@PME JODMVEF@JUFNT ؙٔؒأزنر؍ GFFE@JE 㛇挿הׅ׷ؿ؍٦س*%䗳갭٥侭侧 JODMVEF@JUFNT 䫎珲ⰻ㺁׾《䖤ׅ׷ַやַ⟣䠐٥JOUFHFS ٖأهٝأ؝٦س 姻䌢穄✪ 殯䌢穄✪ ♶姻זؙٔؒأز 殯䌢穄✪ ♶姻זإحءّٝ ٖأهٝأنر؍ BQQMJDBUJPOKTPO 䖓鶢ךչ䫎珲ٗ٦س堣腉ךٖأهٝأنر؍պ׾⿫撑 ⪒罋 • JODMVEF@JUFNTָ㶷㖈׃זְծת׋כ⦼ָ⟃㢩ך㜥さծDPVOUך׫鵤⽱ׅ׷ • ِ٦ؠ劤➂ה׉ך⿼➂ך䫎珲ך׫《䖤〳腉הׅ׷ • ♧䏝חٗ٦سׅ׷麓⿠䫎珲כ剑㣐⟝הׅ׷

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'䫎珲ٗ٦س(&5GFFET 㹋鄲⢽ (&5GFFETGJOE@PME JODMVEF@JUFNT ؙٔؒأزنر؍ ז׃ ٖأهٝأ؝٦س 姻䌢穄✪ 殯䌢穄✪ ♶姻זؙٔؒأز 殯䌢穄✪ ♶姻זإحءّٝ ٖأهٝأنر؍ BQQMJDBUJPOKTPO 䖓鶢ךչ䫎珲ٗ٦س堣腉ךٖأهٝأنر؍պ׾⿫撑 ⪒罋 • ِ٦ؠ劤➂ה׉ך⿼➂ך䫎珲ך׫《䖤〳腉הׅ׷ • ♧䏝חٗ٦سׅ׷麓⿠䫎珲כ剑㣐⟝הׅ׷

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䫎珲ٗ٦س堣腉ךٖأهٝأنر؍ ٖأهٝأنر؍ BQQMJDBUJPOKTPO DPVOU《䖤׃׋ؿ؍٦سך侧 GFFET《䖤׃׋ؿ؍٦سկ⟃♴ךر٦ة׾ろ׬ OBNF䫎珲׃׋ِ٦ؠך邌爙せ GFFE@UZQFUFYUת׋כJNBHF DSFBUFE@BU䫎珲傈儗 GJMF@OBNF歗⫷ؿ؋؎ٕせ FYJG乆䕦׃׋ًؕٓך醡鸡كٝت٦ה堣珏せ DPNNFOU؝ًٝز

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"QQFOEJY

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"1*♧鋮 ػأ ًاحس ،ؙءّٝせ㼎䘔ׅ׷堣腉 TFTTJPOT 1045 DSFBUF 'ؚٗ؎ٝ TFTTJPOT %&-&5& EFTUSPZ 'ؚٗ،ؐز VTFST 1045 DSFBUF 'ِ٦ؠ涫ꐮ VTFSTNBOBHF (&5 NBOBHF ِ٦ؠ盖椚盖椚罏ぢֽ堣腉 VTFSTJEJDPO (&5 JDPO 'فٗؿ؍٦ٕ歗⫷邌爙 JDPOT 1045 DSFBUF 'فٗؿ؍٦ٕ歗⫷涫ꐮ GSJFOET 1045 DSFBUF ' ⿼➂涫ꐮ GFFET (&5 JOEFY ' 䫎珲ٗ٦س GFFET 1045 DSFBUF 'ذؗأز䫎珲 '歗⫷䫎珲 GFFETGFFE@JEGJOE@OFX (&5 GJOE@OFX '倜滠䫎珲ٗ٦س GFFETGFFE@JEGJOE@PME (&5 GJOE@PME '麓⿠䫎珲ٗ٦س

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ٌرٕ♧鋮 VTFST JE JOUFHFS VTFS TUSJOH OBNF TUSJOH QBTT TUSJOH BENJO CPPMFBO JDPO@GJMF@OBNF TUSJOH GSJFOET JE JOUFHFS GSPN@VTFS@JE JOUFHFS UP@VTFS@JE JOUFHFS GFFET JE JOUFHFS UZQF TUSJOH VTFS@JE JOUFHFS JNBHF@GJMF@OBNF TUSJOH FYJG TUSJOH DPNNFOU TUSJOH VTFSIBT@NBOZ GSPN@VTFS GSPN@VTFS CFMPOHT@UP VTFS VTFSIBT@NBOZ UP@VTFS UP@VTFS CFMPOHT@UP VTFS VTFSIBT@NBOZ UP@VTFS UISPVHIGSJFOET TPVSDFUP@VTFS VTFSIBT@NBOZ GSPN@VTFS UISPVHIGSJFOETTPVSDFGSPN@VTFS VTFSIBT@NBOZ GFFE GFFECFMPOHT@UP VTFS

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ؼٝز ػأ ًاحس ،ؙءّٝせ ؽآطأٔأؙך넝ְ腚䓲䚍ך侧 TFTTJPOT 1045 DSFBUF ⦐ TFTTJPOT %&-&5& EFTUSPZ ז׃ VTFST 1045 DSFBUF ⦐ VTFSTNBOBHF (&5 NBOBHF ⦐ VTFSTJEJDPO (&5 JDPO ⦐ JDPOT 1045 DSFBUF ⦐ GSJFOET 1045 DSFBUF ז׃ GFFET (&5 JOEFY ⦐ GFFET 1045 DSFBUF ⦐ GFFETGFFE@JEGJOE@OFX (&5 GJOE@OFX ז׃ GFFETGFFE@JEGJOE@PME (&5 GJOE@PME ז׃

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