openSUSE Conference 2017: Your desktop application as a cross-distribution AppImage

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WORKSHOP openSUSE Conference May 27, 2017 Simon Peter AppImage Adrian Schröter Open Build Service Your desktop application as a cross-distribution AppImage

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TO RECAP

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"As a developer, I want to reach users with minimal effort"

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.exe .dmg .AppImage

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EXECUTABLE EXECUTABLE SQUASHFS IMAGE SQUASHFS IMAGE AppImage • One file per app and version

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EXECUTABLE EXECUTABLE SQUASHFS IMAGE SQUASHFS IMAGE AppImage • Binary • Mounts the image with FUSE when executed

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EXECUTABLE EXECUTABLE SQUASHFS IMAGE SQUASHFS IMAGE AppImage • Bundle app and everything that is not part of all target systems: icons, i18n, Qt 5, KF5,… • Built on host that as old as the oldest target systems

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APPIMAGE SPEC https://github.com/AppImage/AppImageSpec

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MAKING APPIMAGES

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APPIMAGETOOL Turns an AppDir into an AppImage Get it from https://github.com/probonopd/AppImageKit/releases Usage in a nutshell, assuming that you already have an AppDir in place: chmod a+x appimagetoolx86_64.AppImage ./appimagetoolx86_64.AppImage some.AppDir

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mkdir p leafpad/leafpad.AppDir && cd leafpad # Get existing binary wget c „http://.../leafpad_0.8.172_amd64.deb“ # Turn into an AppDir cd leafpad.AppDir dpkg x ../leafpad_*.deb . cp ./usr/share/icons/hicolor/scalable/apps/leafpad.svg . cp ./usr/share/applications/leafpad.desktop . wget c https://.../AppRun chmod a+x AppRun cd .. # Package as an AppImage wget c https://.../appimagetool.AppImage chmod a+x appimagetool.AppImage ./appimagetool.AppImageleafpad.AppDir/ HELLO WORLD,…

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…MORE LIKE THIS # Build on an „old enough“ build system (for which recent compilers and build tools exist, e.g., CentOS 6.x) # Make sure it is relocatable (no hardcoded „/usr“); otherwise patch it # Turn into an AppDir ... chmod a+x AppRun # Bundle any libraries that might not be there in a recent enough version # on each target system # Package the AppDir as an AppImage ... ./appimagetool.AppImage leafpad.AppDir ./Leafpadx86_64.AppImage # Test on each target system really! (I use Live ISOs)

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live demo: Download and extract AppImage, re-generate AppImage

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LINUXDEPLOYQT Turns a usr/ filesystem tree into an AppDir, and the AppDir in into an AppImage (using appimagetool) Originally focused on Qt desktop applications but can also be used for non-Qt applications Get it from github.com/probonopd/linuxdeployqt/releases/ Recommended to run on Travis CI or OBS

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Making appdir/usr/… tree Using qmake: qmake PREFIX=/usr make j4 make INSTALL_ROOT=appdir install ; find appdir/ Using CMake: cmake . DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr make j4 make DESTDIR=appdir install ; find appdir/ Using autotools: ./configure prefix=/usr make j4 make install DESTDIR=$(readlink f appdir) find appdir/

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LINUXDEPLOYQT wget c "https://github.com/probonopd/linuxdeployqt/releases/download/continuous/ linuxdeployqtcontinuousx86_64.AppImage" chmod a+x linuxdeployqt*.AppImage unset QTDIR; unset QT_PLUGIN_PATH ; unset LD_LIBRARY_PATH ./linuxdeployqt*.AppImage ./appdir/usr/share/applications/*.desktop bundlenonqtlibs ./linuxdeployqt*.AppImage ./appdir/usr/share/applications/*.desktop appimage

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CONTINUOUS APPIMAGE WORKFLOW 2 Push commit to GitHub 1 Prepare build system, e.g., CentOS 6 with Qt5,… 3 Build and package as an AppImage 4 Upload to, e.g., Bintray, GitHub Releases 5 Post download link on Project homepage

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LIVE DEMO

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OBS AppImage

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OBS: trusted, reliable, auditable build system that tracks security updates of dependencies, ensures licensing compliance, and hosts build products An ideal match! OBS APPIMAGE

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Let‘s walk through https://github.com/probonopd/AppImageKit/ wiki/Using-Open-Build-Service OBS APPIMAGE

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live demo of the QtQuickApp on OBS „hello world“

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Your turn now… Can we get it to work with your app? https://github.com/probonopd/AppImageKit/ wiki/Using-Open-Build-Service OBS APPIMAGE

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appimage.org #AppImage build.opensuse.org #opensuse-buildservice

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BACKUP

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Works for all common Linux distributions Run the latest applications on mature (e.g., enterprise) OSes One app = one file Super simple for users: just download one AppImage file, make it executable, and run No unpacking or installation necessary SOLVES...

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No root needed No system libraries changed Works out of the box, no installation of runtimes needed Works on Live ISOs, university lab computers,... Can use the same AppImages when dual-booting multiple distributions SOLVES...

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„This is just very cool.“ https://plus.google.com/+LinusTorvalds/posts/WyrATKUnmrS

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Krita OFFICIAL APPIMAGES Microsoft PowerShell KDevelop Scribus OpenShot digiKam JetBrains Toolbox MuseScore Kdenlive Subsurface ImagePlay Drawpile ...hundreds more Avidemux

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BUT... FOSDEM 2017

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MORE • Binary delta updates using AppImageUpdate – only download what has changed • Sandboxing using, e.g., Firejail • Optional appimaged daemon for desktop integration (menus, icons, MIME types, updates,...)

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"As a tester, I want to run multiple builds without messing up my system.“

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"As a user, I want to download an application from the original author and run it, now!“