The evolution of Android notification

by Jeremie Martinez

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The evolution of notiﬁcations @JeremMartinez

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What is a notiﬁcation? 1

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“A notification is a message you can display to the user outside of your application's normal UI. […] Both the notification area and the notification drawer are system-controlled areas that the user can view at any time.” Definition

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Awareness I exist!

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Quick access and actions!

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History 2

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13:37 Content title Content text Gingerbread (2.3)

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Content title Content text SubText 13:37 Ice Scream Sandwich (4.0)

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Content title Content text SubText Action 13:37 Jelly Bean (4.1|2|3)

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Content title Content text SubText Action 13:37 Kitkat (4.4)

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Content title Content text SubText 13:37 ACTION Lollipop (5.0)

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Content title Content text SubText 13:37 ACTION Marshmallow (6.0)

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Content title Content text SubText ACTION 13:37 Android Makers Nougat (7.0)

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Android

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Content title Content text SubText ACTION 13:37 Android Makers

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Be a good citizen 3

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Letters Telegrams Phone calls SMS Emails Batman

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Letters Telegrams Phone calls SMS Emails Batman [SPAM]

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Disruptions through the day

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Deletion of information by mistake

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Info forgotten Bad timing

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1 Amount Priority Metadata Category

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1 Amount Priority Metadata Category

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1 Amount Priority Metadata Category Importance

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Categorize 4

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FUN PAIN

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URGENT NON-URGENT FUN PAIN

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URGENT NON-URGENT FUN PAIN

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URGENT FUN

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VIP of our life Urgent & Fun

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URGENT NON-URGENT FUN PAIN

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FUN NON-URGENT

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Procrastination Non-urgent & Fun

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URGENT NON-URGENT FUN PAIN

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URGENT PAIN

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Livelihood Urgent & Painful

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URGENT NON-URGENT FUN PAIN

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NON-URGENT PAIN

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Nagging Non-urgent & Painful

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2 main principles to evaluate a notification

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Be relevant Help yourself with context

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Be legitimate Don’t lie about urgency

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Use case

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Scheduled

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Scheduled

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Always up to date

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Scheduled

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Urgent

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Triggering 5

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Notification notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this). setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_notification). setContentTitle("Title"). setContentText("Text"). build(); NotificationManagerCompat.from(this).notify(12345, notification);

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1. Local events e.g. downloads, updates, posting a tweet

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2. Scheduled AlarmManager

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context.getSystemService(AlarmManager.class);

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alarmManager.setExact(type, triggerAtMillis, operation);

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alarmManager.setExact(type, triggerAtMillis, operation);

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if (BuildUtils.hasMarshmallow()) { alarmManager.setExactAndAllowWhileIdle(type, millis, operation); } else if (BuildUtils.hasKitKat()) { alarmManager.setExact(type, millis, operation); } else { alarmManager.set(type, millis, operation); } setExact

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alarmManager.setExact(type, triggerAtMillis, operation);

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alarmManager.setExact( , triggerAtMillis, operation); type

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type AlarmManager.RTC System.currentTimeMillis() AlarmManager.RTC_WAKEUP | time since boot including sleep

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type AlarmManager.ELAPSED_REALTIME SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() AlarmManager.ELAPSED_REALTIME_WAKEUP | wall clock time in UTC

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alarmManager.setExact( , triggerAtMillis, operation); type

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alarmManager.setExact( , , operation); type triggerAtMillis

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alarmManager.setExact( , , ); type triggerAtMillis operation

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operation public static PendingIntent getBroadcast( … ) public static PendingIntent getActivity( … ) public static PendingIntent getService( … ) PendingIntent

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Is it that simple ?

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PendingIntent.getActivity( context, 123, intent, FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); final Intent intent = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class); PendingIntent.getActivity( context, 123, intent, FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); = ?

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PendingIntent.getActivity( context, 1234, intent, FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); final Intent intent = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class); PendingIntent.getActivity( context, 1235, intent, FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); = ?

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PendingIntent.getActivity( context, 123, intent1, FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); final Intent intent1 = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class); PendingIntent.getActivity( context, 123, intent2, FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); = ? final Intent intent2 = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class);

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PendingIntent.getActivity( context, 123, intent1, FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); PendingIntent.getActivity( context, 123, intent2, FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); final Intent intent1 = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class); final Intent intent2 = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class);

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PendingIntent.getActivity( context, 123, intent1, FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); final Intent intent1 = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class). putExtra("extra1", "extra1"); PendingIntent.getActivity( context, 123, intent2, FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); = ? final Intent intent2 = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class). putExtra(“extra2", "extra2");

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PendingIntent.getActivity( context, 123, intent1, FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); final Intent intent1 = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class). putExtra("extra1", "extra1"); PendingIntent.getActivity( context, 123, intent2, FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); final Intent intent2 = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class). putExtra(“extra2", "extra2");

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PendingIntent.getActivity( context, 123, intent1, FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); final Intent intent1 = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class). addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_APP_BROWSER); PendingIntent.getActivity( context, 123, intent2, FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); = ? final Intent intent2 = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class). addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_APP_CALCULATOR);

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PendingIntent.getActivity( context, 123, intent1, FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); final Intent intent1 = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class). addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_APP_BROWSER); PendingIntent.getActivity( context, 123, intent2, FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); final Intent intent2 = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class). addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_APP_CALCULATOR);

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public boolean filterEquals(Intent other) { if (other == null) { return false; } if (!Objects.equals(this.mAction, other.mAction)) return false; if (!Objects.equals(this.mData, other.mData)) return false; if (!Objects.equals(this.mType, other.mType)) return false; if (!Objects.equals(this.mPackage, other.mPackage)) return false; if (!Objects.equals(this.mComponent, other.mComponent)) return false; if (!Objects.equals(this.mCategories, other.mCategories)) return false; return true; }

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- Survive app upgrade - Survive reboot How long ? Be future proof !

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3. Realtime Push notifications: GCM & Firebase

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- Use extensively group - Be careful about marketing abuse - Don’t forget to remove notifications

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Snooze

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Time-out

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Styling 6

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BigPictureStyle BigTextStyle InboxStyle MediaStyle MessagingStyle Notification.Style

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Default

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BigText

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BigPicture

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Media

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Notification.Style DecoratedCustomViewStyle

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RemoteViews Run in another process

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Avoid RemoteViews Prefer default styling or span

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Spanned everything! Very powerful API — Available everywhere

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SpannableString delayedSpanned = new SpannableString(delayed); delayedSpanned.setSpan(new StrikethroughSpan(), // 0, delayedSpanned.length(), // Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE); delayedSpanned.setSpan(new ForegroundColorSpan(textColor), // 0, delayedSpanned.length(), // Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE);

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delayedSpanned.setSpan(new ForegroundColorSpan(textColor), // 0, delayedSpanned.length(), // Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE); SpannableString delayedSpanned = new SpannableString(delayed); delayedSpanned.setSpan(new StrikethroughSpan(), // 0, delayedSpanned.length(), // Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE); textView.setText(getString(R.string.travelTextWithDelay, // time, // delayedSpanned));

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delayedSpanned.setSpan(new ForegroundColorSpan(textColor), // 0, delayedSpanned.length(), // Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE); SpannableString delayedSpanned = new SpannableString(delayed); delayedSpanned.setSpan(new StrikethroughSpan(), // 0, delayedSpanned.length(), // Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE); textView.setText(TagFormatter.from(this, R.string.travelTextWithDelay). with("arrival_time", time). with("estimated_arrival_time", delayedSpanned). format()); textView.setText(getString(R.string.travelTextWithDelay, // time, // delayedSpanned));