Drink Espresso During Android Testing - Introduction

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Welcome to Android World!

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Application is growing

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Application is growing

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Categories of Android tests Run on the JVM (local tests) Require Android device (instrumentation tests) Tests

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How to test the project?

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Unit tests JUnit Hamcrest Mockito Robolectric

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Integration tests JUnit Hamcrest Mockito Instrumentation API

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Acceptance tests Espresso UiAutomator Robotium Calabash Appium

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Android Testing Support Library AndroidJUnitRunner JUnit4 Rules Espresso UiAutomator

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AndroidJUnitRunner ü JUnit4 support ü Instrumentation Registry ü Activity and Application life-cycle monitoring

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JUnit4 Rules ü ActivityTestRule ü IntentsTestRule ü ServiceTestRule ü ProviderTestRule ü GrantPermissionRule (API 23 – Android Marshmallow)

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Espresso Android 2.2 (API 8) Turn off the animations

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Espresso onView(ViewMatcher) .perform(ViewAction) .check(ViewAssertion)

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Get View by text Matcher Action Assertion onView(withText("Pay"))

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Get View by text Matcher Action Assertion onView(withText(R.string.pay))

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Get View by id Matcher Action Assertion onView(withId(R.id.pay))

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Click to view Matcher Action Assertion onView(withId(R.id.pay)) .perform(click())

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Long click to view Matcher Action Assertion onView(withId(R.id.pay)) .perform(longClick())

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Double click to view Matcher Action Assertion onView(withId(R.id.pay)) .perform(doubleClick())

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Enter a text Matcher Action Assertion onView(withId(R.id.payment)) .perform(typeText("120$"))

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Close a keyboard Matcher Action Assertion onView(withId(R.id.payment)) .perform(closeSoftKeyboard())

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Enter a text, close a keyboard Matcher Action Assertion onView(withId(R.id.payment)) .perform(typeText("120$"), closeSoftKeyboard())

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Check the hint Matcher Action Assertion onView(withId(R.id.payment)) .check(matches( withHint(R.string.payment_hint) ))

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Check the text Matcher Action Assertion onView(withId(R.id.payment)) .check(matches( withText(R.string.payment)))

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Check the visibility Matcher Action Assertion onView(withId(R.id.payment)) .check(matches( isDisplayed()))

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onView(withId(R.id.payment)) .perform(typeText("120$"), closeSoftKeyboard()) onView(withId(R.id.pay_button)) .check(matches(isDisplayed())) .perform(click())

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onView(withId(R.id.payment)) .perform(typeText("120$"), closeSoftKeyboard()) onView(withId(R.id.pay_button)) .check(matches(isDisplayed())) .perform(click())

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Hamcrest matchers

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onView(withId(R.id.payment)) .check(matches( `is` withText(startsWith("Go")))) endsWith

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@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class) class LoginActivityTest { @Rule @JvmField val mActivityRule = ActivityTestRule(LoginActivity::class.java) @Test fun shouldVerifyEmptyPassword() { onView(withId(R.id.edit_text_username)) .perform(typeText("Alex"), closeSoftKeyboard()) onView(withId(R.id.login_button)) .perform(click()) onView(withId(R.id.password_text_layout)) .check(matches( withError(`is`("Please enter a password")))) } }

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@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class) class LoginActivityTest { @Rule @JvmField val mActivityRule = ActivityTestRule (LoginActivity::class.java) @Test fun shouldVerifyEmptyPassword() { onView(withId(R.id.edit_text_username)) .perform(typeText("Alex"), closeSoftKeyboard()) onView(withId(R.id.login_button)) .perform(click()) onView(withId(R.id.password_text_layout)) .check(matches( withError(`is`("Please enter a password")))) } }

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onView(withId(R.id.download)) .perform(click()) onView(withId(android.support.design.R.id.snackbar_text)) .check(matches( withText(R.string.downloading_movie_info)))

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What is an AdapterView and how it works? java.lang.Object ↳ android.view.View ↳ android.view.ViewGroup ↳ android.widget.AdapterView GridView ListView Spinner

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Espresso onData(ObjectMatcher) .DataOptions .perform(ViewAction) .check(ViewAssertion)

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onData – ArrayAdapter onData(allOf(`is`(instanceOf(String::class.java)), `is`("Americano"))) .check(matches(isDisplayed())) val arrayAdapter = ArrayAdapter( this@DetailActivity, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, android.R.id.text1, coffeeList)

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onData – custom adapter @Test fun clickCoffeeItem() { ... onData(withCoffee(espresso)) .inAdapterView(withId(R.id.detail_list)) .perform(click()); } class CoffeeAdapter : BaseAdapter() { ... override fun getItem(position: Int): Any { return mOrderedCoffee.keys.toTypedArray()[position] } }

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fun withCoffee(expected: Coffee) : Matcher { return object : BoundedMatcher(Coffee::class.java) { override fun describeTo(description: Description) { description.appendText("has value: $expected") } override fun matchesSafely(item: Coffee): Boolean { return item == expected } } }

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RecyclerView java.lang.Object ↳ android.view.View ↳ android.view.ViewGroup ↳ android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView It is not an AdapterView

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RecyclerViewActions ü actionOnHolderItem ü actionOnItem ü actionOnItemAtPosition ü scrollTo ü scrollToHolder ü scrollToPosition onView(withId(R.id.recyclerView)) .perform(actionOnItemAtPosition(3, click()));

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IdlingResource class ServiceIdlingResource : IdlingResource { lateinit var mResourceCallback : ResourceCallback override fun getName(): String { return ServiceIdlingResource::class.simpleName!! } override fun isIdleNow(): Boolean { val isIdle = !isIntentServiceRunning() if (isIdle) { mResourceCallback.onTransitionToIdle() } return isIdle } override fun registerIdleTransitionCallback(callback: ResourceCallback) { mResourceCallback = callback } fun isIntentServiceRunning() : Boolean { ... } } http://blog.sqisland.com/2015/04/espresso-custom-idling-resource.html

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Using IdlingResource @Before fun setUp() { mLoadingIdlingResource = ServiceIdlingResource() IdlingRegistry.getInstance().register(mLoadingIdlingResource) } @Test fun shouldVerifyMessageDuringDownloadingMoviesInfo() { onView(withId(R.id.fab)) .perform(click()) onView(withId(android.support.design.R.id.snackbar_text)) .check(matches(withText(R.string.downloading_movie_info))) } @After fun tearDown() { IdlingRegistry.getInstance().unregister(mLoadingIdlingResource) }

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CountingIdlingResource class MovieDetailActivity : AppCompatActivity() { val mCountingIdlingResource = CountingIdlingResource(LOADING_MOVIE_DETAILS) companion object { private const val LOADING_MOVIE_DETAILS = "loading_movie_details" } fun loadMore() { ... mCountingIdlingResource.increment() } fun showMovies() { ... mCountingIdlingResource.decrement() } }

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Using CountingIdlingResource @Before fun setUp() { mLoadingIdlingResource = mMovieDetailActivityRule. activity.mCountingIdlingResource IdlingRegistry.getInstance().register(mLoadingIdlingResource) } @Test fun shouldVerifyMessageDuringDownloadingMoviesInfo() { onView(withId(R.id.fab)) .perform(click()) onView(withId(android.support.design.R.id.snackbar_text)) .check(matches(withText(R.string.downloading_movie_info))) } @After fun tearDown() { IdlingRegistry.getInstance().unregister(mLoadingIdlingResource) }

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Configure a custom intent @Rule @JvmField val mMovieDetailActivityRule = ActivityTestRule( MovieDetailActivity::class.java, true, false) // is activity launch? @Test fun `Should display message during downloading movie info`() { val context = InstrumentationRegistry.getTargetContext() val movieIntent = Intent(context, MovieDetailActivity::class.java) movieIntent.putExtra("movie_id", ANNABELLE_MOVIE) mMovieDetailActivityRule.launchActivity(movieIntent) ... } App data: https://www.themoviedb.org

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Handle animation inside the app val animatorSpeed = Settings.Global.getFloat( contentResolver, SETTINGS_NAME, 0.0f) ü Settings.Global.ANIMATOR_DURATION_SCALE ü Settings.Global.TRANSITION_ANIMATION_SCALE ü Settings.Global.WINDOW_ANIMATION_SCALE

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UI AutomatorViewer Android Studio Tools / Android / Android Device Monitor Application {ANDROID_SDK} / tools / uiautomatorviewer

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UiAutomator Android 4.3 (API 18) Interacting with any application Interacting with a system

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Basic UI Automator components ü UiDevice ü UiCollection ü UiObject / UiObject2 ü UiScrollable ü UiSelector ü Configurator

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UiDevice ü Press "Home" button mUiDevice.pressHome() ü Press "Back" button mUiDevice.pressBack() ü Press “Power” button mUiDevice.wakeUp() ü Click at arbitrary coordinates mUiDevice.click(300, 215) ü Open the notifications mUiDevice.openNotification()

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Test of calculator application class CalculatorAppTest { lateinit var mDevice: UiDevice @Before fun setUp() { mDevice = UiDevice.getInstance(InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation()) mDevice.pressHome() mDevice.findObject(By.desc("Apps list")).click() mDevice.findObject(By.desc("Calculator")).click() } @Test fun shouldSumThreeAndFive() { mDevice.wait(Until.hasObject(By.text("5")), 3_000L) val five = mDevice.findObject(By.text("5")) val plus = mDevice.findObject(By.text("+")) val three = mDevice.findObject(By.text("3")) val equal = mDevice.findObject(By.text("=")) five.click() plus.click() three.click() equal.click() val result = mDevice.findObject(By.res("com.android.calculator2", "result")) assertEquals("8", result.text) } @After fun tearDown() { mDevice.pressBack() } }

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Espresso + UiAutomator Interacting with a system Better interaction with the app

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@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class.java) class FullOrderTest { ... @Test fun shouldOrderThreeEspressos() { ... onView(withId(R.id.pay)).perform(click()) mDevice.openNotification() mDevice.wait(Until.hasObject( By.text(NOTIFICATION_TITLE)), TIMEOUT) val title = mDevice.findObject( By.text(NOTIFICATION_TITLE)) assertEquals(NOTIFICATION_TITLE, title.getText()) ... } }

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Q & A 1. Testing Support library https://developer.android.com/topic/libraries/testing-support-library/ 2. Android Testing Codelab https://codelabs.developers.google.com/codelabs/android-testing/ 3. Espresso https://developer.android.com/training/testing/espresso/ 4. UiAutomator https://developer.android.com/training/testing/ui-automator.html 5. Blog http://alexzh.com/