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The United Kingdom
of Great Britain
and Northern Ireland
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UK – basic facts
The United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Northern Ireland
Great Britain
+
Northern Ireland
England + Scotland + Wales
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UK – basic facts
Location - north - west off Europe separated from
the continental Europe by the North Sea and the
English Channel.
The country is formed by two main islands and
about 5,000 smaller islands (Hebrides, Orkney
Islands, Shetland Islands, Isle of Man,…).
Area - 243 thousand square kilometres
Population – more than 67 million people
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UK – system of government
The UK is a
constitutional
monarchy.
The head of state is
the King Charles III
(since 2022)
The head of government is Prime Minister
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How to get to UK
by plane
(the largest airport – Heathrow- London)
by ferry
( from Calais – France to Dover-England)
by Channel tunnel
(Eurotunnel)
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How to get to UK
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Parts of UK
England
Scotland
Wales
Northern Ireland
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Parts of UK – England
Situated in southern part of Great Britain.
The largest and most populous part
of the country.
Most of England's landscape consists
of low hills and plains.
The capital city of England is London.
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Parts of UK – England
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London
Capital city of the United Kingdom.
Capital city of England.
The biggest city in England.
Located on the river Thames.
Population – nearly ten million people.
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London
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Parts of UK – Scotland
Situated in the north of Great Britain.
Beautiful landscape of moors and hills.
The land of many special traditions.
(bagpipes, kilts, Scotch whiskey).
The capital city of Scotland is Edinburgh.
The largest city of Scotland is Glasgow.
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Parts of UK – Scotland
Scottish landscape is formed by Scottish Highlands
with the highest peak of UK Ben Nevis (1.342 m).
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Edinburgh
Capital city of Scotland.
Edinburgh Castle (12th century)
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Parts of UK – Wales
Situated in the western part of Great Britain.
Landscape of green forests and medieval villages.
It is a country of rich Celtic tradition.
Peak Snowdon is located
in Snowdonia National Park.
There are nearly 10 million sheep.
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Parts of UK – Wales
Peak Snowdon located in Snowdonia National Park
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Cardiff
The capital city of Wales is Cardiff.
It is famous for medieval Cardiff Castle.
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Parts of UK – Northern Ireland
Situated in the northeast of the island Ireland.
Beautiful country of central plains
and coastal mountains.
The movie Game of Thrones was filmed here.
The capital city of Northern Ireland is Belfast.
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Northern Ireland - coutryside
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Belfast
The capital and largest city of Northern Ireland.
Important port.
Centre of ship-building (Titanic was made there).
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Interesting places - Stonehenge
A prehistoric monument located on Salisbury
Plain in the south of England.
Group of huge stones, more than 5,000 years old.
One of the best-known archaeological sites
in the world.
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Interesting places - Windsor Castle
Situated about 40 km far from London.
Official residence of the royal family.
The oldest and the largest inhabited castle
in the world.
Queen Elizabeth II is buried here.
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Interesting places
The lake Loch Ness
Located in the Scottish Highlands.
The second largest lake in Scotland (56.4 km2).
Became world famous
because of the Loch Ness Monster.
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Interesting places
Hadrian´s Wall
A defensive wall across the North of Britain.
A stone barrier built to separate the Romans and
the tribes who lived in Scotland.
Built 2,000 years ago by Emperor Hadrian.
112 km (73 miles) long.
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Interesting places
White cliffs of Dover
Cliffs which form part of the English
coastline spread east and west from the town
of Dover are composed mainly of soft, white
chalk reach up to 350 feet (110 m).
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Oxford and Cambridge
Old towns with world famous universities.
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Stratford upon Avon
The birthplace of William Shakespeare.
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Liverpool
Home to Everton F.C. and Liverpool F.C.
The birthplace of The Beatles.
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Canterbury
An ancient city with a majestic Canterbury
Cathedral - one of the most famous religious
buildings in the world.
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Interesting places
The Eurotunnel / Channel Tunnel
The longest undersea tunnel in the world.
Opened in 1994.
Three tunnels, each 50 km long.
The section under sea is 38 km long.
Two tunnels are for transportation.
One tunnel is a service tunnel.
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The Weather in the UK
The United Kingdom has variable,
but moderate climate.
The weather is rather changeable.
It rains a lot all year round.
Summers are not so hot, and winters are mild.
The climate is influenced by the Gulf Stream.