My FLOSS project contributions & promotions experience in South Korea It's hard to promote a FLOSS project that you can't find a reason to use DaeHyun Sung (성대현/成大鉉/ソン・デヒョン) Tokyo | November 2, 2024

Hello ● Korean: 안녕하세요 ● Japanese: こんにちは ● Chinese: 你好 ● Vietnamese: xin chào

Who am I? ● 성대현/成大鉉/ソン・デヒョン ● One of Korean Open Source Contributors ● GNOME Foundation Member ● Founding member of LibreOffice Korean Team(Since 2017) ● The Document Foundation Membership (Since 2019) ● openSUSE Asia Committee Korean Member ● Activities: Korean Community management & QA, improve some Korean features on LibreOffice

Disclaimer The views expressed in these presentations are my own and may differ from those of my employer or affiliated organizations

My Motivation for contributing to FLOSS

My Motivation for contributing to FLOSS ● When I was young, I learned Hanja(한자/漢字, Ideographs) ● Chinese History Soap opera(Justice Bao/包靑天/포청천), Chinese Novels(such as Romance of the Three Kingdoms/三國志演義/삼국지연의), Japanese Novels(such as Ryunosuke Akutagawa/芥川龍之介/ 아쿠타가와 류노스케)

My Motivation for contributing to FLOSS ● When I was a University freshman, I started using Ubuntu Linux (at that time, Ubuntu 5.04 Hoary Hedgehog)

My Motivation for contributing to FLOSS ● 17 years ago, I found the Korean font issue threads on KLDP ● ttf-alee 11 업로드 (upload) https://kldp.org/node/74311 ● "구슬체" 에서 한자대신 한글이 출력되는 문제(The problem: Hangul is printed form "Guseul" font instead of Hanja" https://kldp.org/node/89240 ● Some FLOSS Korean developers ignore Hanja(한자/漢字, Chinese characters) issues ● One FLOSS Korean developer made the Hanja problem on font(“Guseol” font) ● The Korean font developer insists, “Hanja is not Korean Language” and change hanja to Korean hanja sound ● ex) 漢字 → 한자

My Motivation for contributing to FLOSS ● 17 years ago, I found the Korean font issue threads on KLDP ● ttf-alee 11 업로드 (upload) https://kldp.org/node/74311 ● "구슬체" 에서 한자대신 한글이 출력되는 문제(The problem: Hangul is printed form "Guseul" font instead of Hanja" https://kldp.org/node/89240 ● Some FLOSS Korean developers ignore Hanja(한자/漢字, Chinese characters) issues ● One FLOSS Korean developer made the Hanja problem on font(“Guseol” font) ● The Korean font developer insists, “Hanja is not Korean Language” and change hanja to Korean hanja sound ● ex) 漢字 → 한자

My Motivation for contributing to FLOSS ● “Guseul” font’s Hanja issue on KLDP ● Strongly Problematic ● Ideographs and Korean Hanja sound cannot be mapped 1:1 ● ex) 樂–4 Sounds ● 악ak 낙nak 락rak 요yo ● There is a problem that characters cannot be properly expressed When Chinese & Japanese strings appear

Hanja(한자/漢字)

Ideograph/Chinese Character Chinese: hàn zì ㄏㄢˋㄗˋ - Traditional Chinese: 漢字 - Simplified Chinese: 汉字 Japanese: かんじ kanji Korean: 한자 hanja Vietnamese: Hán tự

Difference of Ideograph forms Different glyphs in both Japanese & Korean 道(Korean form) & 道(Japanese form)

Difference of Ideograph forms Variant forms & different code points - Rooster Traditional Chinese Simplified Chinese Japanese Korean Glyph 雞 鸡 鶏 鷄 Reading ㄐㄧ jī jī にわとり niwatori 계 gye Code point 雞(U+96DE) 鸡(U+9E21) 鶏(U+9D8F) 鷄(U+9DC4)

Variant Ideograph Chinese and Japanese don’t reserved multi-sounds code points, only one code point. ● Example] Taiwan’s COSCUP 2017 talk “ㄇㄉ，都 2017 了注音還 沒搞定嗎？” by 董福興(Bobby Tung) https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=4eOFAwy8f7Q

Variant Ideograph KS X 1001:1992 includes 268 duplicate hanja (with multiplereadings)—encoded in “CJK Compatibility Zone” Example] 樂 (악 ak, 낙 nak, 락 rak, 요 yo) Glyph Korean Hanja Sound 한국 한자음/韓國 漢字音 KS X 1001:1992 Unicode 樂 악ak 68-37 U+6A02 樂 낙nak 49-66 U+F914 樂 락rak 53-05 U+F95C 樂 요yo 72-89 U+F9BF

Contribute Linux Apps

GNOME gucharmap GNOME gucharmap https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Gucharmap ● Add Korean Hangul sound and Vietnamese pronunciation for Ideographs ● Example) North 北 ● charmap: Add korean hangul and vietnamese pronunciations (2016) https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/gucharmap/commit/b3614d114bc2158f8e5c4b 98797019f3a71d0ba ● chartable: Improve Korean Hanja Pronunciations property(2021) https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/gucharmap/-/commit/0d40a44c7fc242ffcf48b4 d668223cc954a8b4cc

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GNOME gucharmap ● Decomposition Korean Hangul Syllable & click to move Hangul jamo ● charmap: Show characters in the canonical decomposition (2017) https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/gucharmap/-/commit/6 5c3083fc4f7045d5cb9269a84d7ace4d90ab65c

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GNOME characters ● Homepage: https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/gnome-chara cters ● libgc: Perform full canonical decomposition for Hangul syllables (2017) https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/gnome-characters/-/commit/70 e5e05a8f8cbf24a122680dbc943e90ec8fd4f9 ● gc: add support cjk extension H for Unicode15(2023) https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/gnome-characters/-/commit/da ef901e34d731d6d8fe8a1f966ea9f1f04e3a2f

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KDE kcharselect ● KDE kcharselect - Add decomposition of Hangul Syllables into Hangul Jamo ● https://invent.kde.org/frameworks/kwidgetsaddons/-/commit/d5afd98cb6fbe743 d6fdf75770aef13a5c6194b8

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Contribute Korean IME, libhangul Libhangul – FLOSS Korean IME library ● add 158 characters in the list of hanja[한자,漢字] ● https://github.com/libhangul/libhangul/pull/19/files

Contribute LibreOffice Added & fixed missing Korean Hanja Sound https://gerrit.libreoffice.o rg/c/core/+/54562

Contribute LibreOffice

LibreOffice

LibreOffice ● When I attended COSCUP 2017… ● I met Italo Vignoli(TDF) & LibreOffice Taiwan & Japanese Team. ● I started LibreOffice Contribution after attending COSCUP 2017

LibreOffice ● The Document Foundation Membership

HWP Issue

HWP Issues In South Korea, LibreOffice users have few I reported almost all Korean bugs…(Community has not been activated) In the South Korea’s Office market, MS Office holds 70% and HWP holds 30% Hancom(한글과 컴퓨터)'s HWP has an exclusive position in the public sector’s office market. The reason is that under Korea law, Public sectors have to purchase only Korean company's software unless there is anything special

Document Formats in South Korea HWP – Hangul Word Processor (published by Hancom 한글과컴퓨터, brand name: ᄒᆞᆫ글) In South Korea, Both OWPML and ODF are a Document format standard as a public sector. The Republic of Korea government adopted OpenDocument as a part of Korean Industrial Standards KS X ISO/IEC 26300 in 2007 KS X 6101(OWPML) – ROK government guided xml based document specification → Hancom made hwpml and HWPX formats, based on government proposals However, Hancom’s binary file format(HWP) is widely used in Korea

Document Formats in South Korea ● KS X ISO/IEC 26300 – set 2007, Global Standard, ODF Korean translation version ● https://www.standard.go.kr/KSCI/standardIntro/getStandardSearchView.d o?menuId=919&topMenuId=502&upperMenuId=503&ksNo=KSXISOIEC2630 0&tmprKsNo=KSXISOIEC26300&reformNo=03&displayBlock=none&display Block2=block ● KS X 6101(OWPML) – set 2011 – only Korean Standard ● https://www.standard.go.kr/KSCI/standardIntro/getStandardSearchView.d o?menuId=503&topMenuId=502&ksNo=KSX6101&tmprKsNo=KSX6101&ref ormNo=01

HWP Issues for Expat in Korea ● KDE aKademy 2018 Keynote: Mapping Crimes Against Humanity in North Korea with FOSS https://conf.kde.org/en/akademy2018/public/events/78.html ● Youtube: https://youtu.be/ITzFXeg4UGU?t=1590 ● He describes his North Korea human rights NGO(전환기 정의 워킹 그룹/Transitional Justice Working Group) working and using free and open source software and data(FOSSD) ● He added that using FOSS in Korea in a challenge for foreigners ● Korean Input, fonts, banking & online transactions ● In addition, Hangul Word processor / .HWP files

HWP Issues for FLOSS in Korea ● In this Year, PSF(Python Software Foundation) Board of Director Kwon-Han Bae’s ETRI Open Source Tech Day 2024 Keynote session ● Summary: South Korea government release documents in HWP format, and they require application forms to be in HWP format as well. ● Slide: https://github.com/eostday/eost2024/blob/main/EOST2024-%EB %B0%B0%EA%B6%8C%ED%95%9C.pdf ● Video: https://youtu.be/f6ncfAbujCk?si=Q4z2iCBsxlVraOpw

LibreOffice Promotion challenges ● Mentored an open-source project with government agency(NIPA) support in South Korea (2020-2021). ● Introducing LibreOffice contributions was challenging for beginners ● The de facto standard in South Korea's public sector is HWP format ● Although South Korea’s document standards are ODF and OWPML, binary-based HWP is still dominant ● Thus, people often ask how LibreOffice differs from HWP or MS Office during promotions

Latest LibreOffice Korean Contributions ● Translations ● Source codes ● Change default Korean font size: 10.5pt to 10pt ● https://bugs.documentfoundation.org/show_bug.cgi?id=155947 ● https://git.libreoffice.org/core/+/4ffa5f2d741368bcc70ec3fd5d5ca1249c fc1e37%5E%21 ● Korean font rendering https://git.libreoffice.org/core/+/e830f2a041271f4a f65dabb2d8c0968b7f3bac6e%5E%21 ● Korean spell dictionary https://git.libreoffice.org/dictionaries/+/d0c93918 1ac181ce6479ae8604ef647055ccf44d%5E%21

openSUSE

openSUSE ● When I attended COSCUP x GNOME.Asia X openSUSE Asia 2018, I joined openSUSE Asia Committee member, made openSUSE Korean Team ● https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Asia_Organization_Committee

Contribute for openSUSE ● Translate into Korean ● Added My Company’s open source project ● Backend.AI repository - feat: Support installation on openSUSE https://github.com/lablup/backend.ai/pull/485

Challenges

My Personal challenges ● Personal challenges ● My child was born in 2022 ● Caring for my wife after her cancer diagnosis and surgery (2023) ● Due to these personal challenges, maintaining consistent contributions has been difficult

Issues with Korean Translation of FLOSS ● Certain individuals have been harassing Korean translation contributors for FLOSS projects. ● They obscure the main points with strange translations and attempt to introduce odd content, leading to harassment for many Korean FLOSS translators. ● Despite my family challenges, I have been making an effort to continue contributing to LibreOffice and FLOSS projects

Issues with Korean Translation of FLOSS ● Example) Notepad++ ● Notepad++ update Korean issue https://github.com/notepad -plus-plus/notepad-plus-plus/pull/7935 ● I left a comment on the above issue https://link.medium.com /Qn0YgqER0Nb

Communicate with Communities ● DebConf2024, Busan, Korea ● Workshop: Introduction to LibreOffice Korean Translations (Wiki & UI Translations) https://debconf24.debconf.org/talks/122-introduction-to-libreoffice-ko rean-translations-wiki-ui-translations/ ● UbuCon Korea 2024, Seoul, Korea ● BoF: 번역 기여는 어떻게 하고 있을까요? 리눅스 20 년째 사용자가 이야기하는 BoF https:// events.canonical.com/event/48/contributions/446/ ● OpenInfra Asia Summit 2024, Suwon, Korea ● PyCon Korea 2024, Suwon, Korea

Communicate with Communities ● Expand interactions with other Korean FLOSS communities ● Collaborate on translation efforts ● Open source culture is still underdeveloped in South Korea. I will strive to improve awareness of open source culture. ● Ref content) Korean content – PSF Board of Director, Kwon-Han Bae’s ETRI Open Source Tech Day 2024 Keynote session ● Slide: https://github.com/eostday/eost2024/blob/main/EOST2024-%EB%B0% B0%EA%B6%8C%ED%95%9C.pdf ● Video: https://youtu.be/f6ncfAbujCk?si=Q4z2iCBsxlVraOpw

Conclusions

Conclusions ● Due to a my strong interest in CJKV, I contribute translations & contributions to many FLOSS Projects ● Many Korean FLOSS communities are also constantly considering how to maintain motivation ● I am trying to find ways to motivate people in Korea to use and contribute to open source projects.

Q&A 질의응답(質疑應答) 質疑応答 問與答/问与答

Thank You