Slide 1
Slide 1 text
Web Accessibility:
It doesn’t have to be hard
World Usability Day
Lagos, 2017
Slide 2
Slide 2 text
Ire Aderinokun
Slide 3
Slide 3 text
No content
Slide 4
Slide 4 text
No content
Slide 5
Slide 5 text
No content
Slide 6
Slide 6 text
Why is
Accessibility Important?
Slide 7
Slide 7 text
No content
Slide 8
Slide 8 text
1. Accessible Site’s are
Great for Everyone
Slide 9
Slide 9 text
Who are you building
your site for?
Slide 10
Slide 10 text
“Abled” or “Disabled”?
Slide 11
Slide 11 text
No content
Slide 12
Slide 12 text
???
Slide 13
Slide 13 text
No content
Slide 14
Slide 14 text
Temporary and Situational
Disabilities
Slide 15
Slide 15 text
Vision
“Abled” Temporarily Disabled
Situationally Disabled “Disabled”
Slide 16
Slide 16 text
Hearing
“Abled” Temporarily Disabled
Situationally Disabled “Disabled”
Slide 17
Slide 17 text
No content
Slide 18
Slide 18 text
2. The web, by default,
is Accessible
Slide 19
Slide 19 text
No content
Slide 20
Slide 20 text
http://motherfuckingwebsite.com
Slide 22
Slide 22 text
Using a
Open Modal
Slide 23
Slide 23 text
What you get for free
• Focusable via the keyboard or screen reader
• Clickable by mouse, enter key and space bar
• Accessible name and state provided to assistive tech
• An interaction is expected when clicked
Slide 24
Slide 24 text
No content
Slide 25
Slide 25 text
Using a
Open Modal
Slide 26
Slide 26 text
Extra Work
Open Modal
Slide 27
Slide 27 text
More Extra Work
function handleBtnKeyPress(e) {
// Check to see if space or enter were pressed
if ( e.keyCode === 32 || e.keyCode === 13) {
// Open modal dialog
openModal(e);
}
}
Source: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Accessibility/ARIA/ARIA_Techniques/Using_the_button_role
Slide 28
Slide 28 text
Even More Extra Work
[role=“button”] {
align-items: flex-start;
text-align: center;
cursor: default;
color: buttontext;
background-color: buttonface;
box-sizing: border-box;
padding: 2px 6px 3px;
border-width: 2px;
border-style: outset;
border-color: buttonface;
border-image: initial;
text-rendering: auto;
letter-spacing: normal;
word-spacing: normal;
text-transform: none;
text-indent: 0px;
text-shadow: none;
display: inline-block;
margin: 0em;
font: 11px system-ui;
-webkit-appearance: button;
}
Slide 29
Slide 29 text
No content
Slide 30
Slide 30 text
– A Wise Person on Twitter
“HTML is, by default, accessible. As developers, it is
our job to not fuck that up.”
Slide 31
Slide 31 text
3. The web is for everyone
Slide 32
Slide 32 text
No content
Slide 33
Slide 33 text
http://www.euractiv.com/section/digital/opinion/web-
accessibility-will-now-be-the-law-of-the-land-in-europe/
Slide 34
Slide 34 text
– Dita Charanzová
“This is a victory not only for persons with
disabilities, but all of us”
Slide 35
Slide 35 text
4. It doesn’t have to be hard
Slide 36
Slide 36 text
Open Modal
Open Modal
Accessible vs Inaccessible
Slide 37
Slide 37 text
How Do I Get Started
With Accessibility?
Slide 38
Slide 38 text
No content
Slide 39
Slide 39 text
https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20
https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20
Slide 40
Slide 40 text
Perceivable
Information and user interface
components must be presentable to
users in ways they can perceive
Operable
User interface components and
navigation must be operable
Understandable
Information and the operation of user
interface must be understandable
Robust
Content must be robust enough
that it can be interpreted reliably
by a wide variety of user agents,
including assistive technologies
Slide 41
Slide 41 text
Perceivable
Information and user interface
components must be presentable to
users in ways they can perceive
Operable
User interface components and
navigation must be operable
Understandable
Information and the operation of user
interface must be understandable
Robust
Content must be robust enough
that it can be interpreted reliably
by a wide variety of user agents,
including assistive technologies
Slide 42
Slide 42 text
Text Alternatives
Slide 43
Slide 43 text
Contrast Ratio
http://leaverou.github.io/contrast-ratio
Slide 44
Slide 44 text
Perceivable
Information and user interface
components must be presentable to
users in ways they can perceive
Operable
User interface components and
navigation must be operable
Understandable
Information and the operation of user
interface must be understandable
Robust
Content must be robust enough
that it can be interpreted reliably
by a wide variety of user agents,
including assistive technologies
Slide 45
Slide 45 text
Keyboard Accessible
Slide 46
Slide 46 text
Perceivable
Information and user interface
components must be presentable to
users in ways they can perceive
Operable
User interface components and
navigation must be operable
Understandable
Information and the operation of user
interface must be understandable
Robust
Content must be robust enough
that it can be interpreted reliably
by a wide variety of user agents,
including assistive technologies
Slide 47
Slide 47 text
Specify Language
Slide 48
Slide 48 text
Provide Instructions
Slide 49
Slide 49 text
Perceivable
Information and user interface
components must be presentable to
users in ways they can perceive
Operable
User interface components and
navigation must be operable
Understandable
Information and the operation of user
interface must be understandable
Robust
Content must be robust enough
that it can be interpreted reliably
by a wide variety of user agents,
including assistive technologies
Slide 50
Slide 50 text
Write Valid Code
My Web Page
My Web Page
Slide 51
Slide 51 text
Label Elements
Username
X
Slide 52
Slide 52 text
No content
Slide 53
Slide 53 text
Lighthouse
Slide 54
Slide 54 text
Chrome Developer Tools > Audits > Perform an Audit
Slide 55
Slide 55 text
pa11y
Slide 56
Slide 56 text
No content
Slide 57
Slide 57 text
On-the-Fly
Accessibility Testing
Slide 58
Slide 58 text
npm install -g pa11y
pa11y example.com
Slide 59
Slide 59 text
No content
Slide 60
Slide 60 text
No content
Slide 61
Slide 61 text
No content
Slide 62
Slide 62 text
No content
Slide 63
Slide 63 text
No content
Slide 64
Slide 64 text
No content
Slide 65
Slide 65 text
Continuous Integration
Slide 66
Slide 66 text
No content
Slide 67
Slide 67 text
No content
Slide 68
Slide 68 text
npm install -g pa11y-ci
pa11y-ci
Slide 69
Slide 69 text
{
"urls": [
“https://bitsofco.de”,
],
"defaults": {
"hideElements": “.sr-only”,
“ignore”: [
“notice”,
“WCAG2AA.Principle1.Guideline1_4.1_4_6_AAA”
],
“actions”: [
“set field #email to test@test.com”,
“click element #subscribe”,
]
}
}
.pa11yci
Slide 70
Slide 70 text
{
"urls": [
“https://bitsofco.de”,
],
"defaults": {
"hideElements": “.sr-only”,
“ignore”: [
“notice”,
“WCAG2AA.Principle1.Guideline1_4.1_4_6_AAA”
],
“actions”: [
“set field #email to test@test.com”,
“click element #subscribe”,
]
}
}
Slide 71
Slide 71 text
{
"urls": [
“https://bitsofco.de”,
],
"defaults": {
"hideElements": “.sr-only”,
“ignore”: [
“notice”,
“WCAG2AA.Principle1.Guideline1_4.1_4_6_AAA”
],
“actions”: [
“set field #email to test@test.com”,
“click element #subscribe”,
]
}
}
Slide 72
Slide 72 text
{
"urls": [
“https://bitsofco.de”,
],
"defaults": {
"hideElements": “.sr-only”,
“ignore”: [
“notice”,
“WCAG2AA.Principle1.Guideline1_4.1_4_6_AAA”
],
“actions”: [
“set field #email to test@test.com”,
“click element #subscribe”,
]
}
}
Slide 73
Slide 73 text
{
"urls": [
“https://bitsofco.de”,
],
"defaults": {
"hideElements": “.sr-only”,
“ignore”: [
“notice”,
“WCAG2AA.Principle1.Guideline1_4.1_4_6_AAA”
],
“actions”: [
“set field #email to test@test.com”,
“click element #subscribe”,
]
}
}
Slide 74
Slide 74 text
pa11y-ci
Slide 75
Slide 75 text
pa11y-ci --threshold 50
Slide 76
Slide 76 text
https://bitsofco.de/pa11y
https://github.com/ireade/bitsofcode-pa11y
Slide 77
Slide 77 text
Chrome Extensions
Slide 78
Slide 78 text
Alix
https://github.com/ireade/alix
Slide 79
Slide 79 text
No content
Slide 80
Slide 80 text
Accessibility Developer Tools
https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/
accessibility-developer-t/
fpkknkljclfencbdbgkenhalefipecmb
Slide 81
Slide 81 text
Inspect Element > Accessibility Properties
Slide 82
Slide 82 text
Inspect Element > Accessibility Properties
Slide 83
Slide 83 text
HTML5 Outliner
https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/
html5-outliner/
afoibpobokebhgfnknfndkgemglggomo/
reviews
Slide 84
Slide 84 text
No content
Slide 85
Slide 85 text
No Coffee
https://accessgarage.wordpress.com/
2013/02/09/458/
Slide 86
Slide 86 text
No content
Slide 87
Slide 87 text
User Research
Slide 88
Slide 88 text
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d3VuWAdBq9g
Slide 89
Slide 89 text
Test it Yourself!
Slide 90
Slide 90 text
Go Keyboard-Only
Slide 91
Slide 91 text
Try a Screen Reader
Slide 92
Slide 92 text
System Preferences > Accessibility > VoiceOver > “Enable VoiceOver”
Slide 93
Slide 93 text
https://www.chromevox.com
Slide 94
Slide 94 text
Screen Reader Demo
Slide 95
Slide 95 text
How Can I Make
Accessibility Easy?
Slide 96
Slide 96 text
No content
Slide 97
Slide 97 text
Make Accessibility a
First Class Citizen
Slide 98
Slide 98 text
Make Accessibility
Everyone’s Job
Slide 99
Slide 99 text
http://accessibility.voxmedia.com
Slide 100
Slide 100 text
No content
Slide 101
Slide 101 text
No content
Slide 102
Slide 102 text
No content
Slide 103
Slide 103 text
No content
Slide 104
Slide 104 text
No content
Slide 105
Slide 105 text
Accessibility is only
hard when you do it
last
Slide 106
Slide 106 text
– Leonie Watson
“Accessibility doesn't have to be perfect, it just
needs to be a little bit better than yesterday.”
Slide 107
Slide 107 text
Thank You!
@IreAderinokun
www.ireaderinokun.com