クラウドサービスの Web API とそのユースケース #apijp

by Naoya Ito

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Ϋϥ΢υαʔϏεͷ8FC "1*ͱͦͷϢʔεέʔε /BPZB*UP ,"*;&/QMBUGPSN*OD "1*.FFUVQ5PLZP

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͓࿩͢Δ಺༰ •  <աڈ>ࢲ͕ݟ͖ͯͨ8FC"1*ͷมભ – ؼணͷͻͱͭŋŋŋBTB4FSWJDF •  <ݱࡏ>ͦΕΛ࢖͏Ϣʔεέʔε •  <ະདྷ>8FCγεςϜͷΞʔΩςΫνϟτ Ϩϯυͱ1SPHSBNBCMF8FC

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ࢲ͕ݟ͖ͯͨ8FC"1*ͷมભ

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8IZͳΜͰͦΜͳ࿩͢Δͷ •  ࡢࠓͷBTB4FSWJDF͸೥લʹඳ͍͍ͯͨ ཧ૝తͳϢʔεέʔεͷҰͭ –  ʮ͋ʔɺͦ͏ͦ͏ɺ͜Ε͕͔ͨͬͨ͠Μͩʯ –  ͦΕΛࢧ͑Δ8FC"1* •  ͜͜ʹࢸΔ·ͰɺͲ͏͍͏มભ͕͔͋ͬͨ –  NZQPJOUPGWJFX

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஫ࢲ͕ݟ͖ͯͨ •  ͳͷͰɺ#$8FCۀքʹ࿩͕ภͬͯ·͢ɻ ྃ͝ঝ͍ͩ͘͞

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͸͡Ίͯͷ"1* ͜ͷղ૾౓͔͠࢒ͬ ͯͳ͍ͬΆ͔ͬͨ͆ ೥ͷࡶࢽ

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౰࣌ͷঢ়گ •  ্࢘ʮҏ౻܅ʂ9.-8FCαʔϏεͬͯ ஌ͬͯΔ͔ʁʯ – ଞʹ΋ʮҏ౻܅+&&ͬͯʯʮҏ౻܅ϒϩ άͬͯʯͳͲͷύλʔϯ͋Γ ˞͓͔͛Ͱϒϩά։ൃ୲౰ʹ ͳΕͨͷͰɺΑ্͍࢘Ͱͨ͠

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9.-8FCαʔϏε •  ۀ຿ϩδοΫΛެ։αʔϏεͱͯ͠ɺͦΕΒͷ αʔϏεΛ૊Έ߹ΘͤͯҰͭͷۀ຿Λ࣮ݱ͢ Δŋŋŋ –  ྫཱྀߦ༧໿ϗςϧߤۭձࣾݸਓܾࡁ –  ·ͩ40"ͱ͍͏ݴ༿͸ฉ͔ͳ͔ͬͨΑ͏ʹهԱ͠ ͍ͯΔ •  40"16%%*84%-ŋŋŋ

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ΤϯλʔϓϥΠζ

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౰࣌ࠔͬͨ͜ͱ •  9.-8FCαʔϏε͕όζͬͯΔΒ͍͠ ͚Ͳɺ࣮ྫ͕ݟ౰ͨΒͳ͍ – اۀ಺΍ɺۀ຿γεςϜͷόοΫΤϯυͰ͸ ಈ͍͍͔ͯͨ΋͠Εͳ͍͕Ұൠফඅऀ͔Β͸ ͳ͔ͳ͔ͦΕ͕ݟ͑ͳ͔ͬͨ ౰࣌ͷࣗ෼ʮ40"1ͱ͔ ݬͷٕज़ͳΜͰ͸ŋŋŋ ʯ

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೥ࠒ •  ্࢘ʮҏ౻܅ʂϒϩάͬͯ஌ͬͯΔ͔ʁʯ OBPZBʮʯ

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ΊͬͪΌ࢖ΘΕͯΔ΍Μ ͷ4IJCVZBQNͰͷൃදࢿྉΑΓ

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#MPHͷഎޙʹ͋ͬͨ8FC"1* •  ʮܰྔͳ8FCαʔϏεʯ –  344ɺ"UPNɺXFCMPH6QEBUFTQJOH •  ͻͱ͖Θ໨ΛҾ͍ͨ΋ͷ9.-31$ –  40"1ͷॳظͷυϥϑτ͔ΒΠϯεύΠΞ –  40"1ͷΤϯϕϩʔϓ΍ϔομͳͲΛऔͬ෷ͬͨ࢓ ༷ ඪ४ԽWTσϑΝΫτ ࣮ફతͳ8FCαʔϏε

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݁Ռɺ8FCۀքͰىͬͨ͜͜ͱ •  8FC ɺ͋ͨΓ –  "1*Λެ։͢Δͱ͔͍͍ͬ͜ தೋප •  ͯ͞ɺۀ຿ϩδοΫΛެ։͠Α͏ͥͱ͍ͬͯ΋ –  8FCۀքʮۀ຿ϩδοΫʯͬͯԿͩ •  ଟ͘͸എޙʹͦΕ΄Ͳ\େ͖͍ ॏཁ^ͳۀ຿Λ͍࣋ͬͯͳ͔ͬͨ •  㱤ϩδοΫͰ͸ͳ͘σʔλΛެ։͢Δͱ͍͏ํ޲ʹྲྀΕͨ –  8FCۀքʹ͸ϝσΟΞاۀ͕ଟ͔ͬͨ͠ –  #MPHχϡʔεͷ344ϑΟʔυɺ"NB[PO1SPEVDU "EWFSUJTFNFOU"1*౳Θ͔Γ΍͍͢ઌߦࣄྫ

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3&45 •  લճͷZPIFJ͞Μͷ࿩ •  ౰࣌ –  ࣮૷ਥʮ40"1ͱ͔9.-31$ͱ͔ݴ͏͚Ͳɺ݁ ہ9.-Λ)551(&5ͰΑ͘Ͷ ʯ –  ΞʔΩਥʮͦ΋ͦ΋ͦΕ͸3FQSFTFOUBUJPOBM TUBUFUSBOTGFSͱݴͬͯͩͳʯ গͳ͘ͱ΋ࣗ෼ͷपғͰ͸ 3&45͸40"1ͳͲͱͷ ରൺͷจ຺ͰޠΒΕ࢝Ίͨ

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ͦ͏͜͏ͯ͠Δ͏ͪʹ"KBY ೥ʹ##8BUDIʹدߘͨ͠੿هࣄΑΓ IUUQCCXBUDIJNQSFTTDPKQDEBBMQIBHFFLIUNM

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8FC"1*ͷ͜Ε·Ͱͱ͜Ε͔Β "1*NFFUVQ IUUQXXXTMJEFTIBSFOFUZPIFJXFCBQJ

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8FC"1*Խ͕ਐΜͩɺ͕ •  ʮ 9.- 8FCαʔϏεʯˠʮ8FC"1*ʯ –  ͍ͭͷؒʹ͔ϥϕϧ΋มΘͬͯͨ –  ʙ͘Β͍ •  ʮϚογϡΞοϓʯ –  Ͱ΋ɺଟ͘ͷྫ͸˓˓ͱ˚˚ΛҰॹʹදࣔͯ͠Έ·ͨ͠ •  શମͱͯ͠σʔλͷެ։ʹ໨͕͍͔ͬͯͨΒ •  ʮۀ຿Λߏங͢Δʯͱ͍͏ΑΓ͸ʮσʔλΛ૊Έ߹Θͤͨʯ͚ͩ

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αʔϏεͷ૊Έ߹ΘͤͰ ۀ຿Λߏங͢Δ •  ʮ9.-8FCαʔϏεʯͷจ຺ͰޠΒΕ͍ͯͨʮ8FC αʔϏεͱ8FCαʔϏεΛ૊Έ߹Θͤͯۀ຿Λ๰͙ʯ ͱ͍͏ߟ͑ํ͸ؒҧͬͯͳ͍ •  8FCͷ8FC"1*͸ͳ͔ͳ͔ͦ͜·Ͱ౸ୡͰ͖ͯ ͳ͔ͬͨ –  5XJUUFS΍'BDFCPPLͳͲ8FCαʔϏε͕୲ͬͨͷ͸ ίϯςϯπαʔϏεͰ͋Γʮۀ຿ͷ෦඼ʯͱ͸ҧͬͨ͠

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40"Ͱ࡞ͬͨࣾ಺αʔϏ εɺެ։ͨ͠Α SFG4UFWFZT(PPHMF1MBUGPSNT3BOU IUUQTQMVTHPPHMFDPN3JQ3PXBOQPTUTF7FPVFTWB79 ͜͜Ͱಥવͷ

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αʔϏεͱαʔϏεΛ ૊Έ߹Θͤͯ •  ετϨʔδͷ"NB[PO4ͱ˓˓Λ૊Έ ߹Θͤͯ – ͦΕΒ͕ϓϩάϥϚϒϧ "1*Ͱ ʹૢ࡞Ͱ ͖Δ ʮ8FCΞϓϦέʔγϣ ϯʯͷ"1*Ͱ͸ͳ͍͕ɺ ฆΕ΋ͳ͘8FC"1*ʹΑ ΔαʔϏεͰ͋ͬͨ

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"84ͱ8FC"1* •  "84ͷ֤ίϯϙʔωϯτ͸ʮޙ෇͚Ͱ"1*Խ͞ ΕͨαʔϏεʯͰ͸ͳ͘ʮ"1*ͰαʔϏε͢ Δʯ͜ͱΛલఏʹ͞Εͨ΋ͷ –  1SPHSBNNBCMF׌ͭʮधཁʯ͕ઌʹ͋ͬͨ –  ͦ͏ͦ͏"1*ͬͯ͜Εͷ͜ͱ 8FCαΠτʹޙ͔Β෦෼తʹ "1*Λੜ΍͢ɺͷͰ͸ͳ͘จ ࣈ௨Γ"QQMJDBUJPO 1SPHSBNNJOH*OUFSGBDF

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ͦͯ͠Ϋϥ΢υͷ࣌୅΁ŋŋŋ ˞్தɺ+40/ͱ͔ϞόΠϧͱ͔ιʔγϟϧήʔϜ 0QFO4PDJBM ͱ͔͍Ζ ͍Ζ͋Δ͚ͲׂѪ

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BTB4FSWJDF $JSDMF$* $*BTB4FSWJDF

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1BSTFDPN NPCJMF#BDLFOEBT B4FSWJDF

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4USJQF 1BZNFOU1MBUGPSN BTB4FSWJDF

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(PPHMF#JH2VFSZ #JH%BUBBTB4FSWJDF

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BTB4FSWJDFͱ8FC"1* •  ࡢࠓͷBTB4FSWJDFͷଟ͘͸8FC )551 Λհͯ͠αʔϏεΛఏڙ͢Δ •  ϓϩάϥϜͷͨΊͷ෦඼Ͱ͋Δͱ͍͏ੑ্֨ "1*Λ༗͢Δ

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BTB4FSWJDFΛۦ࢖ͯ͠ ۀ຿Λߏங͢Δ ΠϚίί •  ྫ1BSTFDPNͰϞόΠϧόοΫΤϯυΛ࿫͍ #JH2VFSZͰϩάղੳͯ͠4USJQFͰ՝ۚ͢Δ •  Ϋϥ΢υαʔϏεͷ୆಄ͱ͍͏ܗͰɺ͔ͭͯʮ9.- 8FCαʔϏεʯ͕໨ࢦ͍ͯͨ͠ੈք͕ݱ࣮ʹͳͬͨ –  40"16%%*84%-తͳखஈͰ͸ͳ͔͕ͬͨɺͦΕΛܨ͍ͩͷ ͕8FC"1* –  ˞3&45ɺͱ΋ݴͬͯͳ͍ɻ೦ͷͨΊɻ

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·͞ʹ͜͜ͷ࿩

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ͲΜͳ෩ʹ࢖͍ͬͯΔ͔ Ϣʔεέʔε

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NFSHF͞ΕΔͱ ͦΕΛݕ஌ͯ͠ɺ ίʔυΛ(JU)VC͔ Βऔಘ มߋ͕൓ө͞Ε Δ Πϯϑϥߏ੒ͷܧଓతσϦόϦʔ &$ʹରͯ͠ $JSDMF$*͔Β$IFG ద༻ σϦόϦ༻1VMM 3FRVFTU͕࡞੒͞ ΕΔ νϟοτͰΠϯϑ ϥ΁ͷ$IFGίʔυͷ ద༻Λࢦࣔ

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νϟοτͰࢦࣔ

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σϦόϦʔ༻ 1VMM3FRFTU͕࡞ΒΕΔ σϦόϦʔ༻ϒϥϯ νʹϝΠϯϒϥϯν ΛNFSHF͢Δ

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$JSDMF$*͕ݕ஌࣮ͯ͠ߦ

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ؒΛͭͳ͙8FC"1* •  4MBDL"1* –  )VCPU͕4MBDL"1*ܦ༝Ͱνϟοτʹৗற •  (JU)VC"1* –  )VCPU͔Β(JU)VC"1*Ͱ1VMM3FRVFTU࡞੒ •  $JSDMF$*"1* –  (JU)VCͷ8FC)PPLͰ$JSDMF$*΁௨஌ •  "84 –  ৔߹ʹΑͬͯ͸ "84ͷ"1*Ͱߏ੒Λௐ੔

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΄͔ʹ΋͜Μͳͷ •  #VH4OBHŋŋŋ3BJMT+4ͷྫ֎ݕ஌ •  4USJQFŋŋŋܾࡁ •  1BHFS%VUZŋŋŋΠϯϑϥͷΞϥʔτ •  1JOHEPNŋŋŋ؂ࢹ •  .BDLFSFMŋŋŋϦιʔεϞχλϦϯά •  .BOESJMM.BJM$IJNQŋŋŋϝʔϧ •  (PPHMF#JH2VFSZŋŋŋϩάղੳɺ%8) •  #SPXTFS4UBDLŋŋŋΫϩεϒϥ΢βςετ •  ΄͔ʹ͸ŋŋŋ%.1 %BUB.BOBHFNFOU1MBUGPSN ͱ͔΋ αʔόʔαΠυͷ 3BJMTΞϓϦ͕άϧ ʔ HMVF ʹͳͬͯɺ ۀ຿Λ๰͙

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ൃ૝ͷస׵ •  ͔ͭͯ –  Կ͔ࣗಈԽ͠Α͏͔ͳ –  ख࣋ͪͷϥΠϒϥϦɺ044ͳͲΛબ୒ࢶʹҊΛ࿅Δ –  Α͠ɺίʔυॻ͜͏ •  ͍· –  Կ͔ࣗಈԽ͠Α͏͔ͳ –  Ϋϥ΢υαʔϏε୳͢ –  ͋ͷαʔϏεͱ͜ͷαʔϏεΛ૊Έ߹Θͤͯŋŋŋ –  Α͠ɺίʔυΛॻ͜͏ ʮίϯςϯπͷϚογϡ ΞοϓʯͷΑ͏ͳݶΒΕͨ ঢ়گͰͷࢥߟϓϩηεͩͬ ͨͷ͕ɺͦ͏Ͱͳ͍ঢ়گͰ ΋

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8FCγεςϜͷΞʔΩςΫνϟτϨϯ υͱ1SPHSBNNBCMF8FC ͔͜͜Β͸ໝ૝

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ࣗ෼తͳ ஫໨Ωʔϫʔυ •  NJDSPTFSWJDFT •  *NNVUBCMF*OGSBTUSVDUVSF "KBY΍BTB4FSWJDF͕ 8FC"1*ͷൃలΛ֦େͤ͞ ͨΑ͏ʹɺ͜ΕΒͷΩʔ ϫʔυ΋ͦΕΛޙԡ͢͠Δ ༧ײ

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NJDSPTFSWJDFT h"p://mar)nfowler.com/ar)cles/microservices.html

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NJDSPTFSWJDFT •  ϞϊϦγοΫͳ8FCΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ͕Ͱ͔͘ͳΔͱ ϝϯςφϏϦςΟ͕མͪΔ •  ద౰ͳ໾ׂͰ͘͘Γͩͯ͠8FC"1* ͳͲ Ͱܨ͛· ͠ΐ͏ •  ΤϯλʔϓϥΠζ೿ग़ͷ40"ʹରͯ͠1SBDUJDBMͳ NJDSPTFSWJDFT –  9.-8FCαʔϏεͱ8FC"1*ʹࣅͯΔ

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*NNVUBCMF*OGSBTUSVDUVSF •  BLB%JTQPTBCMF$PNQPOFOU – Ұ౓Քಇͤͨ͞αʔόʔ͸ೋ౓ͱมߋ͠ͳ͍ – ඞཁʹͳͬͨΒ৽͍͠ͷ࡞ͬͯݹ͍ͷࣺͯΔ •  ྫ)FSPLVͷίϯςφ

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*NNVUBCMF*OGSBTUSVDUVSFͱ8FC ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷަ׵Մೳੑ •  *NNVUBCMFͦͷ্Ͱಈ͘8FCΞϓϦ͸࠶ݱՄೳͰ ͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ͍ –  ͍ࣺͭͯΒΕͯ΋ɺશ͘ಉ͡ߏ੒ͰσϓϩΠՄೳʹͳΔͱ͍͏ ͜ͱ –  Ωʔ(FNpMFɺ1SPDpMFɺ4IBSFE/PUIJOH •  ࠶ݱՄೳঢ়ଶΛ࣋ͨͳ͍ εςʔτϨε ਓʹ౉ͤ Δ

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)FSPLV#VUUPO

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)FSPLV#VUUPOͷ࢓૊Έ •  IFSPLVDPNEFQMPZʹϦϯΫͯ͠Δ •  IFSPLVDPNEFQMPZΛ)551(&5͢Δͱɺ ϦϑΝϥ͔Β(JU)VCϨϙδτϦΛಛఆ •  BQQKTPOΛಡΈऔΓɺͦΕʹै͍ηογϣϯ ओͷ)FSPLVΞΧ΢ϯτʹσϓϩΠ

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)FSPLV#VUUPOΛ͋Δ ࢹ఺ͰΈΔͱ •  63*Ͱ8FCΞϓϦέʔγϣϯަ׵ –  )551(&5ͱ͍͏౷ҰΠϯλϑΣʔεͰΞϓϦέʔ γϣϯͱ͍͏ϦιʔεΛަ׵͍ͯ͠Δ –  *NNVUBCMF*OGSBTUSVDUVSFˠ4UBUFMFTTˠ63* ͕͋Ε͹ɺަ׵Ͱ͖Δ 1SPHSBNNBCMF8FC ͱͷަࠩ఺͕ͳΜͱͳ ͘ݟ͖͑ͯ·͢ΑͶ

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·ͱΊ •  8FC"1*͸ɺσʔλΛެ։͢ΔͨΊͷ΋ͷ͔Βɺຊདྷ ͷҙຯͷ"1*ʹ •  ͔ͭͯʮ9.-8FCαʔϏεʯ͕໨ࢦ͍ͯͨ͠ੈք͕ ࣮ݱ͞Εͨ ͍ۙͮͨ –  BTB4FSWJDF •  8FCγεςϜͷΞʔΩςΫνϟͷਐԽ͕ࠓޙ͞Βʹͦ ΕΛޙԡ͢͠Δ –  NJDSPTFSWJDFT*NNVUBCMF*OGSBTUSVDUVSF

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5IBOLT ֆCZ͋ΘΏ͖