RBSとSteepで始める型のあるRails開発とその運用

by yamashun

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4IVOTVLF:BNBEB ,BJHJPO3BJMT 3#4ͱ4UFFQͰ࢝ΊΔܕͷ͋Δ 3BJMT։ൃͱͦͷӡ༻

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ࣗݾ঺հ w ࢁాढ़ี w ελσΟϓϥεגࣜձࣾ w αʔόʔαΠυάϧʔϓϦʔμʔ w ։ൃ͸3VCZ3BJMT͕த৺ w (JU)VCZBNBTIVO w 3BJMTྺ͸໿೥͙Β͍

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ൃදͷྲྀΕ 3BJMTϓϩμΫτʹܕΛಋೖͨ͠എܠ 3VCZͷܕγεςϜͱपลπʔϧ Ͳ͏ਐΊ͔ͨ ࠓޙ

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3BJMTϓϩμΫτʹܕΛಋೖͨ͠എܠ

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3#4ಋೖલʹߟ͍͑ͯͨ͜ͱ w ܕͷϑΟʔυόοΫΛ׆༻ͯ͠ίʔυͷอकੑΛվળͰ͖ͳ͍͔ w 3VCZͷܕΛऔΓר͘؀ڥ͕੔͖ͬͯͨʁ w 3#43BJMT 3#4$PMMFDUJPOͳͲ w ෆ҆ w ࢓ࣄͰ࢖͏ʹ͸ૣ͍ʁ w ϋϚΓͲ͜Ζ͕ଟ͘ಋೖίετʹݟ߹Θͳ͍͔΋ʜɺࣄྫ͕গͳ͍ʜ ࢓ࣄͷ3BJMTϓϩμΫτͰ࢖༻͸ݟૹ͍ͬͯͨ

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͋ΒͨΊͯߟ͑ͯΈΔ w ࢖ͬͯΈͯ͏·͍͔͘ͳ͔ͬͨ৔߹ w 3#4ࣗମʹϓϩμΫτίʔυ΁ͷӨڹ͸ͳ͍ͨΊҰॠͰ֎͢͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ w ஌ݟΛͨΊͯࣾ಺֎ʹల։Ͱ͖Δ w ಉ͡Α͏ʹࣄྫ͕ͳͯ͘ෆ҆ɺίετ͕͔͔Γ͗͢Δ͔΋ͱߟ͍͑ͯΔਓ΁஌ݟ Λڞ༗Ͱ͖Δ ಋೖͷϦεΫ͸΄ͱΜͲͳ͍ ʢΠχγϟϧίετ͸গ͔͔͠Δʣ

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ಋೖͯ͠ΈΔ͔͠ͳ͍😀

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ର৅ͱͳΔ3BJMTΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ w ৽ػೳΛఏڙ͢ΔϚΠΫϩαʔϏε w 3VCZ 3VCZPO3BJMT w ܕؔ࿈Ͱ࢖༻͍ͯ͠Δओͳπʔϧ w 3#4 w 3#4$PMMFDUJPO w 3#43BJMT w 4UFFQ

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ൃදͷओࢫ w ͓࿩͢͠Δ͜ͱ w 3#4Λ3BJMTϓϩμΫτͰಋೖ͢Δ࣌ʹͲ͏ਐΊ͔ͨ w ۤ࿑ͨ͠ͱ͜Ζ΍࢖ͬͯΈͯײͨ͜͡ͱ w ৮Εͳ͍͜ͱ w 3#4ͷ۩ମతͳจ๏ʹؔ͢Δ࿩

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3VCZͷܕγεςϜͱपลπʔϧ

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3#4 w 3VCZͷܕ৘ใΛѻ͏ݴޠͰ3VCZ͔Βόϯυϧ͞Ε͍ͯΔ w SCϑΝΠϧͱ͸ผʹSCTϑΝΠϧʹܕ৘ใΛهड़͠ܕνΣοΫͳͲ͕ߦ͑Δ IUUQTUFDIMJGFDPPLQBEDPNFOUSZ ৄ͘͠͸

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3#4$PMMFDUJPO w HFNͷSCTϑΝΠϧͷఏڙٴͼґଘؔ܎Λ؅ཧͯ͘͠ΕΔ w HFN@SCT@DPMMFDUJPOϦϙδτϦʹ͋ΔHFN͕ର৅Ͱॱ࣍௥Ճ͞Ε͍ͯΔ (FN fi MFMPDL͔Βඞཁͳ3#4Λ൑அ SCT@DPMMFDUJPOMPDLZBNMʹґଘؔ܎Λอଘ SCTDPMMFDUJPOJOTUBMM SCT@DPMMFDUJPOZBNMʹઃఆΛॻ͘

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3#43BJMT w 3BJMT༻ͷ3#4Λੜ੒ͯ͘͠ΕΔHFN w 3PVUJOHͷύε΍"DUJWF3FDPSEͷ.PEFMʹؔ͢Δܕ৘ใͳͲʹରԠ͍ͯ͠Δ w ಈతʹܾ·ΔϝιουͳͲͷܕΛੜ੒ͯ͘͠ΕΔ ྫʣΞιγΤʔγϣϯʹؔ͢Δϝιουͷܕఆٛͷੜ੒ CVOEMFFYFDSBJMTSCT@SBJMTBMM

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4UFFQ w 3VCZͷ੩తܕݕࠪث w ΤσΟλʔ্ͷܕΤϥʔදࣔɺิ׬ɺυΩϡϝϯτදࣔͳͲ͕Մೳ ิ׬ ܕΤϥʔදࣔ υΩϡϝϯτදࣔ

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Ͳ͏ਐΊ͔ͨ

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Ͳ͏ਐΊΔ͔ w લఏ w 3#4Λॻ͍ͨ͜ͱ͕ͳ͍ϝϯόʔ΋Ұॹʹ։ൃΛ͢Δ w ܕΛ࢖͏͜ͱʹΑΔԸܙ͸νʔϜͷϝϯόʔ΋ཧղ͍ͯ͠Δ w ୡ੒͍ͨ͜͠ͱ w 3#4͔Βड͚ΔԸܙʼ3#4Λ࢖͏ίετ

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Կ͕ॏཁ͔🤔

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ॏཁࢹͨ͜͠ͱ w ֶशίετΛ཈͑Δ w ख࡞ۀΛݮΒ͢ w ؅ཧ͠΍͍͢ঢ়ଶΛอͭ w υΩϡϝϯτͷ੔උ w 3#4पลͷ஌͕ࣝͳ͍ͱ൑அͰ͖ͳ͍ ͜ͱΛݮΒ͢ w ࣗಈߋ৽ɺεΫϦϓτͷ׆༻ w $*ͷ׆༻ w ෆਖ਼ͳঢ়ଶ͕ೖΒͳ͍Α͏ʹ͢Δ ීஈͷ։ൃͰ΍Δ͜ͱ

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3#4ͷ෼ྨ ෼ྨ ߋ৽ͷλΠϛϯά मਖ਼ํ๏ ࣗ࡞ΫϥεɾϞδϡʔϧͳͲͷ 3#4 ίʔυमਖ਼࣌ ࣗ෼Ͱॻ͘ SCTQSPUPUZQFίϚϯυ (FNͷ3#4 3#4$PMMFDUJPOʹ͋Γ (FNͷ௥Ճɺߋ৽ SCTDPMMFDUJPOVQEBUF (FNͷ3#4 3#4$PMMFDUJPOʹͳ͠ (FNͷ௥Ճɺߋ৽ ࣗ෼Ͱॻ͘ QSPUPUZQFίϚϯυ 3#43BJMT͔Βੜ੒͞ΕΔ3#4 ߋ৽ର৅ͱͳΔίʔυमਖ਼࣌ SBJMTSCT@SBJMTBMM ඪ४ϥΠϒϥϦͷ3#4 ίʔυमਖ਼࣌ ʢνΣοΫΤϥʔͱͳΔ࣌ʣ SCT@DPMMFDUJPOZNMʹ௥Ճ SCTDPMMFDUJPOVQEBUF 3#4Λ෼ྨͯͦ͠ΕͧΕͲͷΑ͏ʹ؅ཧ͢Δ͔ΛυΩϡϝϯτԽ͍ͯͬͨ͠ ˞ଞʹ΋(FNͷϦϙδτϦʹ3#4͕ॻ͔Ε͍ͯΔ৔߹΋͋Δ

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σΟϨΫτϦߏ੒ ϑΝΠϧͷஔ͖৔ॴʹ໎Θͳ͍Α͏ʹ͢Δ

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3#4ͷߋ৽ ෼ྨ ߋ৽ͷλΠϛϯά मਖ਼ํ๏ ࣗ࡞ΫϥεɾϞδϡʔϧͳͲͷ 3#4 ίʔυमਖ਼࣌ ࣗ෼Ͱॻ͘ SCTQSPUPUZQFίϚϯυ (FNͷ3#4 3#4$PMMFDUJPOʹ͋Γ (FNͷ௥Ճɺߋ৽ SCTDPMMFDUJPOVQEBUF (FNͷ3#4 3#4$PMMFDUJPOʹͳ͠ (FNͷ௥Ճɺߋ৽ ࣗ෼Ͱॻ͘ QSPUPUZQFίϚϯυ 3#43BJMT͔Βੜ੒͞ΕΔ3#4 ߋ৽ର৅ͱͳΔίʔυमਖ਼࣌ SBJMTSCT@SBJMTBMM ඪ४ϥΠϒϥϦͷ3#4 ίʔυमਖ਼࣌ ʢνΣοΫΤϥʔͱͳΔ࣌ʣ SCT@DPMMFDUJPOZNMʹ௥Ճ SCTDPMMFDUJPOVQEBUF

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ࣗલͷΫϥεͱϞδϡʔϧ w ߋ৽ͷλΠϛϯά w ίʔυͷ௥Ճɺमਖ਼ w ߋ৽ํ๏ w ࣗ෼Ͱॻ͘ w SCTQSPUPUZQFίϚϯυͱซ༻ w ΍ͬͯΈͯ w ࠷ॳ͸গ͕͔͔͕࣌ؒͬͨ͠׳Εͯ͘Δͱ͋·Γखؒʹ͸ײ͡ͳ͘ͳ͖ͬͯͨ w ίʔυίϝϯτΛॻ͘Α͏ͳײ֮ w ͨ·ʹॻ͖ํ͕Θ͔Βͳͯ࣌ؒ͘Λ࢖͏ w ೉͍͠৔߹͸VOUZQFEΛ࢖͏

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(FNͷ3#4 3#4$PMMFDUJPOʹ͋Γ w ߋ৽ͷλΠϛϯά w (FNͷ௥ՃɺόʔδϣϯΞοϓɺ3#4$PMMMFDUJPOͷϦϙδτϦଆͷमਖ਼͕ೖΔ৔߹ w ߋ৽ํ๏ w SCTDPMMFDUJPOJOTUBMMPSVQEBUFίϚϯυ w ΍ͬͯΈͯ w ࣮ߦΛ๨Ε࣮ͯମͱͣΕΔ͜ͱ͕ଟ͔ͬͨ SCT@DPMMFDUJPOMPDLZBNM ྫʣHFNΛ௥Ճ SCTDPMMFDUJPOJOTUBMM $*ͰνΣοΫ͢ΔରԠΛ ೖΕͨ

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w 3#4Λ௥Ճ͠ͳ͍ͱ4UFFQͷνΣοΫͰΤϥʔͱͳΔ w Τϥʔ͕࢒ΓΤσΟλ͕੺͍ঢ়ଶ͸ਏ͍ w ܕͷϑΟʔυόοΫΛ׆༻Ͱ͖ͳ͍ w (FNͷ3#4Λຖճॻ͘ͷ͸೉͍͠ w ୯७ʹ޻਺͕͔͔Δ˺։ൃମݧͷ௿Լ w (FNͷߋ৽͕͋Δ౓ʹखಈͰߋ৽͢Δͷ΋େม (FNͷ3#4 3#4$PMMFDUJPOʹͳ͠ Ұ൪ରԠʹۤ࿑😂

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(FNͷ3#4 3#4$PMMFDUJPOʹͳ͠ (FNͷMJCҎԼͷϑΝΠϧ શͯͷSCTΛੜ੒ ࠷ॳʹܾΊͨӡ༻ w ߋ৽ͷλΠϛϯά w (FNͷ௥ՃɺόʔδϣϯΞοϓ w ߋ৽ํ๏ w SCTQSPUPUZQFSCίϚϯυͰPVUEJSΦϓγϣϯΛ࢖ͬͯHFNͷ3#4Λ·ͱΊͯੜ੒ɹɹɹ ඞཁʹԠͯ͡खͰमਖ਼ w ΍ͬͯΈͯ w ࣗಈੜ੒ͨ͠ϑΝΠϧʹΤϥʔ͕ଟൃɻ݁ہखͰमਖ਼͕ඞཁͰ͕͔͔࣌ؒΔ w HFN͕ߋ৽͞Εͨ৔߹ʹमਖ਼ՕॴΛಛఆ͢Δͷ͕ࠔ೉ ࣮ࡍʹܕ͕ඞཁͳͷ͸ ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ͔ΒݺͿ Ұ෦ͷύϒϦοΫϝιου

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(FNͷMJCҎԼͰΑ͘࢖͏QVCMJDϝιουͷΈ࡞੒ (FNͷ3#4 3#4$PMMFDUJPOʹͳ͠ ݱࡏͷӡ༻ w ߋ৽ͷλΠϛϯά w (FNͷ௥ՃɺόʔδϣϯΞοϓ w ߋ৽ํ๏ w ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ͔ΒݺͿύϒϦοΫϝιουʹؔ͢ΔܕͷΈखಈͰ࡞੒͢Δ w ΍ͬͯΈͯ w มߋલͱൺ΂ͯ3#4ͷ࡞੒࣌ؒ͸͔ͳΓ୹ॖͰ͖ͨ w ܕͷϑΟʔυόοΫ͸ݶఆతʹ͸ͳΔ w (FNߋ৽΁ͷ௥ਵ͸ґવͱͯ͠՝୊

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3#43BJMT͔Βੜ੒͞ΕΔ3#4 CVOEMFFYFDSBJMTSCT@SBJMTHFOFSBUF@SCT@GPS@NPEFMT w ߋ৽ͷλΠϛϯά w ςʔϒϧఆٛɺ3PVUJOHɺϞσϧͷΞιγΤʔγϣϯɺFOVNͳͲͷमਖ਼ w ߋ৽ํ๏ w SBJMTSCT@SBJMTHFOFSBUF@SCT@GPS@NPEFMTίϚϯυ w ΍ͬͯΈͯ w ࣮ߦΛ๨Ε࣮ͯମͱͣΕΔ͜ͱ͕ଟ͔ͬͨ

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3#43BJMT͔Βੜ੒͞ΕΔ3#4 w طଘͷ࡞ۀʹ૊ΈࠐΉ w ςʔϒϧͷΧϥϜͷ৘ใͷ൓ө w .JHSBUJPOͷॲཧʹϑοΫͤͯࣗ͞ಈͰߋ৽͢ΔΑ͏ʹͯ͠ରԠ w $*Ͱͷݕ஌ w 3PVUJOHɺϞσϧͷΞιγΤʔγϣϯɺFOVNͳͲमਖ਼ͷ3#4൓ө ߋ৽΋ΕͷରԠ

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$* w $*্ͰҎԼΛνΣοΫ͢ΔΑ͏ʹ੔උ w 4UFFQDIFDL͕௨Δ͜ͱ w 3#4͕࠷৽Ͱ͋Δ͜ͱ w 3#43BJMTͷࣗಈੜ੒ϑΝΠϧ w 3#4$PMMFDUJPOͷґଘؔ܎ʢSCT@DPMMFDUJPOMPDLZNMʣ

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$*ɿ4UFFQ$IFDL w Ұ෦ͷܕνΣοΫͷFSSPS XBSOJOH͕Ͳ͏ͯ͠΋ղফͰ͖ͳ͍ w ྫʣ(FNଆͰ༻ҙ͞ΕͨSCTϑΝΠϧʹىҼ͢ΔΤϥʔ w Τϥʔ͕ى͖Δঢ়ଶͰͷϚʔδ͸ආ͚͍ͨ ࠔͬͨ͜ͱ TBWFFYQFDUBUJPOT XJUIFYQFDUBUJPOTΦϓγϣϯͰରԠ

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$*ɿ4UFFQ$IFDL w TBWFFYQFDUBJPOTɿνΣοΫͰFSSPS XBSOJOHͱͳΔ಺༰ΛZNMʹه࿥͢Δ w XJUIFYQFDUBUJPOTɿTUFFQDIFDL࣮ߦ࣌ʹZNMʹه࿥ͨ͠FSSPS XBSOJOH͸ແࢹ͢Δ w ࢖͍͗͢஫ҙ w ίʔυͷϑΝΠϧ಺ͷҐஔ·Ͱه࿥ w मਖ਼͕ೖͬͨ࣌ʹΤϥʔͷҐஔ ͕มΘΔͱZNMͷ࠶मਖ਼͕ඞཁ อଘ಺༰ͷྫ IUUQTHJUIVCDPNTPVUBSPTUFFQQVMM ৄ͘͠͸

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$*ɿ4UFFQ$IFDL w 4UFFQDIFDL͕௨Δ͜ͱΛ$*ʹೖΕΔ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ͳΓ·ͨ͠

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$*ɿ3#4͕࠷৽Ͱ͋Δ͜ͱ w 3#43BJMTͷࣗಈੜ੒ϑΝΠϧ w $*্ͰSBJMTSCT@SBJMTBMMίϚϯυΛ࣮ߦͯ͠ݱࡏͷ3#4ͱͷࠩ෼ΛνΣοΫ w 3#4$PMMFDUJPOͷґଘؔ܎ʢSCT@DPMMFDUJPOMPDLZNMʣ w $*্ͰSCTDPMMFDUJPOJOTUBMMίϚϯυΛ࣮ߦͯ͠ݱࡏͷZNMͱͷࠩ෼ΛνΣοΫ

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ͲΕ͙Β͍ܕΛ࢖͍͑ͯΔ͔ w ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷن໛ w ·ͩ·ͩن໛͸খ͍͞ ࣌఺ $PEF-0$ 5FTU-0$ $PEFUP5FTU 3BUJP 3BJMTTUBUT ˞WJFXͳͲҰ෦ͷίʔυΛআ͘ 5ZQFEDBMMT 6OUZQFEDBMMT 5ZQFE 4UFFQTUBUT w ܕఆٛͷର৅ w BQQɺMJCҎԼͷίʔυʹ3#4 Λॻ͍͍ͯΔ 6OUZQFEʹର͢Δ ϝιουݺͼग़͠

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࢖ͬͯΈͯͲ͏͔ͩͬͨ w ୡ੒͍ͨ͜͠ͱ͸࣮ݱͰ͖ͨʁ w ૝ఆ͍ͯͨ͠΄Ͳ޻਺͸͔͔͍ͬͯͳ͍ w 3#4ʹΑͬͯόάΛൃݟͨ͜͠ͱ͕Կ౓͔͋ͬͨ w ϝϯόʔ͔Β΋3#4΍ΊΑ͏ͱ͍͏੠͸্͕͍ͬͯͳ͍ w ϝϯόʔͷ։ൃৼΓฦΓͰͷײ૝

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࢖ͬͯΈͯͲ͏͔ͩͬͨ w վળ͕ඞཁͳͱ͜Ζ΋ଟ͍ w 3#4$PMMFDUJPOʹͳ͍HFN w ಈతͳϝιουఆٛ΍ΫϥεɺϞδϡʔϧͳͲͷಡΈࠐΈͰܕΛॻ͘ͷ͕ਏ͍ w ݱঢ়͸VOUZQFEͳͲΛ࢖ͬͯແཧͯ͠ॻ͔ͳ͍

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ࠓޙ

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ࠓޙ w ࠓͷͱ͜Ζଓ͚͍ͯ͘ w ϝϦοτΛେ͖͘͢ΔͨΊʹVOUZQFEΛݮΒ͢޻෉͸ඞཁ w ର৅ͷ3BJMTΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛ૿΍͍ͯ͘͠

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·ͱΊ w 3#4Λ৽ن3BJMTϓϩδΣΫτʹಋೖͨ͠ࡍʹ΍ͬͨ͜ͱΛ঺հ w ීஈͷ։ൃͰ΍Δ͜ͱΛ3#4Ͱ΋΍Δ w 3#4ͷछྨຖʹߋ৽ํ๏Λ੔උ w $*Λ׆༻ w ϝϦοτͷํ͕େ͖͘ײ͍ͯ͡ΔͷͰࠓޙ΋ଓ͚͍ͯ͘ w 3#4Λ࢖ͬͯΈͯ߹Θͳ͚Ε͹͙͢֎ͤΔͷͰͲΜͲΜ࢖͍͖ͬͯ·͠ΐ͏ʂ

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ʮֶशϩάσʔλͷҰݩԽʯΛ࣮ݱ͢Δ&E5FDIϓϥοτϑΥʔϜاۀ ੵۃ࠾༻த IUUQTUFDITUVEZQMVTDPKQSFDSVJU ϙουΩϟετ ΍ͬͯ·͢ IUUQTBODIPSGNTUVEZQMVTFOHJOFFST

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