Road to Single Activity

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About me yurihondo Software Engineer@U-NEXT Moving in with the in-laws next month - wish me luck! X : yurihondo @yuyuyuyuyuri

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Motivation When overhauling the screen transition mechanism with Navigation Compose, we gained some serious pain knowledge. Sharing it.

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Covered Topics ● Gradual Migration from AndroidView to Compose Using Navigation ● Examples of Using Navigation in Apps with Complex Screen Transitions

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NOT Covered Topics ● Basics of Navigation Setup and More ● Knowledge for Migrating Layouts to Compose

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Environment Compose: 1.6.X Navigation: 2.7.7

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Environment Compose: 1.6.X Navigation: 2.7.7

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Screen Transition Sample Navigation 2.7.7 https://github.com/yurihondo/screentransitionsample Navigation 2.8.x https://github.com/yurihondo/screentransitionsample/tree/feature/navigation_v2.8.x Compose Destinations https://github.com/yurihondo/screentransitionsample/tree/feature/compose_destinations

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Agenda ● Background ● Good-bye Fragment ● Hello Single Activity

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Background

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Background ● About U-NEXT app ● Migrations

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Background ● About U-NEXT app ● Migrations

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Large Screens

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Common Screens

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Deep Links Dummy Title ストーリー. ダミーストーリー。ダミーストーリー。 ... Intent

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U-NEXT app for Android ■ Large Screens ■ Common Screens ■ Deep Links

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Background ● About U-NEXT app ● Migrations

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Activity Activity Activity Framgent Fragment Transaction

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Main Activity Common Screen (Activity) Activity Activity Activity

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Fragment Compose

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Activity Activity Activity Nav Graph Navigation Screen （Compose）

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Single Activity Nav Graph Navigation Screen （Compose）

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The cost of multiple Activities 1. Common Settings: Cost of setting things like CompositionLocal across all Activities 2. NavHost: Cost of implementing NavHost for each Activity

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The cost of multiple Activities 1. Common Settings: Cost of setting things like CompositionLocal across all Activities 2. NavHost: Cost of implementing NavHost for each Activity Improve app maintainability and scalability

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Migration Step1: Abolish Fragments and migrate the app to Full-Navigation Step2: Switch to a Single Activity architecture

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Good-bye Fragment

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Legacy screen transition mechanism

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Activity Container (Fragment) Screen Screen Screen (Fragment) Screen (Composable)

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Activity Container (Fragment) Screen Screen Screen (Fragment) Screen (Composable)

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Video Container (Fragment) Book Container (Fragment) Search Container (Fragment)

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Screen Screen Activity Container (Fragment) Screen (Fragment) Screen (Composable)

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Search Container (Fragment) Video Container (Fragment) Book Container (Fragment) Activity hide show ・・・ hide

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Screen Screen Activity Container (Fragment) Screen (Fragment) Screen (Composable)

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NavGraph Activity Screen (Composable) Nested NavGraph

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NavGraph Activity Screen (Composable) Nested NavGraph Proceed in phases 1. Convert screens to Composables, then create and integrate them into the NavGraph 2. Integration of the created NavGraphs.

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Good-bye Fragment Phase 1: Graphs by Feature Phase 2-1: Graph Integration Phase 2-2: Adapting to App Speciﬁcs

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Good-bye Fragment Phase 1: Graphs by Feature Phase 2-1: Graph Integration Phase 2-2: Adapting to App Speciﬁcs

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Screen Screen Activity Container (Fragment) Screen (Fragment) Screen (Composable) Activity Screen (Composable) NavGraph Container (Fragment) Phase 1

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Screen Screen Activity Container (Fragment) Screen (Fragment) Screen (Composable)

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Container (Fragment) Container (Fragment) Graph Screen (Composable) Graph Screen (Composable) Feature Feature

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Screen Conversion 1 2 3 Add to NavHost NavGraph Setup

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NavGraph Setup Screen Conversion 1 2 3 Add to NavHost

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Fragments using XML layouts will migrate to Compose UI...

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Add to NavHost NavGraph Setup Screen Conversion 1 2 3

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Container (Fragment) Container (Fragment) Graph Screen (Composable) Graph Screen (Composable) Common Screen

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Container (Fragment) Container (Fragment) Graph Screen (Composable) Graph Screen (Composable) Common Screen Common Graph

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Can be added as a NavGraph destination, but can't navigate back to the original NavHost's destination from the target Activity.

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Add to NavHost NavGraph Setup Screen Conversion 1 2 3

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NavGraphへ集約 NavGraph 作成 Screen Compose化 1 2 3 Completed Compose Conversion and NavGraph Deﬁnition for All Screens

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Activity Screen (Composable) NavGraph Container (Fragment)

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Good-bye Fragment Phase 1: Graphs by Feature Phase 2-1: Graph Integration Phase 2-2: Adapting to App Speciﬁcs

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NavGraph Activity Screen (Composable) Nested NavGraph Activity Screen (Composable) NavGraph Container (Fragment) Phase 2

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Activity MainGraph Video Graph Book Graph Search Graph ・・・

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Safely Continue Feature Development During Refactoring Feature development Refactoring

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New Root Debug menu OLD Root

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Switching core UI invocation processes using mechanisms like Feature Flags

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New Root OLD Root

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Long-term migration work is feasible Refactoring Feature development

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NavGraph Activity Screen (Composable) Nested NavGraph

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Good-bye Fragment Phase 1: Graphs by Feature Phase 2-1: Graph Integration Phase 2-2: Adapting to App Speciﬁcs

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❶ ❷ ❸ Back

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❶ ❷ ❸ ❹ Back Back

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❶ ❷ ❸ ❹

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Video Graph Book Graph Search Graph Library Graph ❶ ❷

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Video Graph Book Graph Search Graph Library Graph ❶ ❷ ● Tab-Graph Mapping ● Graph Switching Process

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❶ ❷ ❸ ❹ Back Back

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BookGraph BackStackEntry BackStackEntry SearchGraph BackStackEntry BackStackEntry Back

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BookGraph BackStackEntry BackStackEntry SearchGraph BackStackEntry BackStackEntry

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BookGraph BackStackEntry BackStackEntry SearchGraph BackStackEntry

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BookGraph BackStackEntry BackStackEntry SearchGraph BackStackEntry ● Controlling Back Events ● Managing Tab Selection History

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Reference link

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https://issuetracker.google.com/issues/308445371 Calling BackHandler before NavHost gets overridden by NavHost.

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If BackStackEntry is the StartRoute of a Graph, it should navigate to the previous Tab (Graph).

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Building a System to Manage Tab Selection History

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BookGraph BackStackEntry BackStackEntry SearchGraph BackStackEntry BackStackEntry navigate pop

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Full-Compose + Full-Navigation

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Hello Single Activity

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Core Essentials: ● Screen Reassignment ● Backing Result Update

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Core Essentials: ● Screen Reassignment ● Backing Result Update

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MainActivity XxxActivity MainGraph NestedGraph Graph Composable

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MainActivity XxxActivity MainGraph NestedGraph Graph Composable

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Core Essentials: ● Screen Reassignment ● Backing Result Update

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Activity Composable Result Composable

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Composable Result Composable

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Composable Result Composable

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Additional Essentials: ● Controlling Tab Visibility ● DeepLinks

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Additional Essentials: ● Controlling Tab Visibility ● DeepLinks

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Tab visibility behavior: 1. Hide 2. Same As Parent

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Won't the display break when returning to a SAME_AS_PARENT Destination...?

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HIDE SAME AS PARENT SHOW Parent

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HIDE SAME AS PARENT SHOW Parent

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HIDE SAME AS PARENT SHOW Parent

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HIDE SAME AS PARENT SHOW Parent ● Detecting Back Navigation ● Restoring Tab visibility

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currentBackStackをハックする

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https://github.com/yurihondo/screentransitionsample

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Screen B currentBackStack Screen A Screen B Screen C Parent

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Additional Essentials: ● Controlling Tab Visibility ● DeepLinks

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Dummy Title ストーリー. ダミーストーリー。ダミーストーリー。 ... Intent

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Screen (Activity) DeepLinks Activity TaskStack Builder WEB Intent Screen (Activity) Intent Intent

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Controlling the BackStack is challenging...

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MainActivity DeepLinks Activity TaskStack Builder WEB Intent Intent MainGraph Navigate

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Single Activity

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Conclusion

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Effect of the Work ● Reduced workload and issues related to adding new screens ● Deeper understanding of Navigation implementation Lessons Learned ● The challenge of balancing Navigation principles with custom UX ● Tailoring Navigation to better ﬁt our environment