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จݙ঺հʢʣ Attention is not not Explanation Sarah Wiegreffe, Yuval Pinter EMNLP2019 ௕Ԭٕज़Պֶେֶ ࣗવݴޠॲཧݚڀࣨɹ ૬ాɹଠҰ

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"CTUSBDU w l"UUFOUJPOJTOPU&YQMBOBUJPOzͷओு͸&YQMBOBUJPOͷఆٛʹґଘ w ͋ΒΏΔཁૉΛߟྀͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹɺͭͷ࣮ݧΛఏҊ͠ɺߦͳͬͨ w ୅ΘΓͱͳΔ෼෍͕"UUFOUJPOΑΓ΋͏·͘ಈ࡞͠ͳ͔ͬͨͷͰɺ "UUFOUJPOͷ༗༻ੑΛ൱ఆ͢Δ͜ͱ͸Ͱ͖ͳ͍͜ͱ͕Θ͔ͬͨ !2

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"UUFOUJPOJTOPU&YQMBOBUJPO w"UUFOUJPOTDPSFͱॏཁͳࢦඪʢMFBWFPOFPVU HSBEJFOUʣͱͷؒʹ૬ؔ ͕ͳ͔ͬͨ w"UUFOUJPOͷ෼෍ΛϥϯμϜʹม͑ͨ࣌ʹ΄΅มΘΒͳ͍݁Ռ͕ग़ͨ wࢀߟɿIUUQTTQFBLFSEFDLDPNPLBZVXFOYJBOTIBPKJF BUUFOUJPOJTOPUFYQMBOBUJPO ˠ"UUFOUJPO͸&YQMBOBUJPOʢઆ໌Λఏڙ͢Δ΋ͷʣ ɹͰ͸ͳ͍ʁ !3

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&YQFSJNFOU ɾ+8ɿઌߦݚڀ ɾjɿ෼ྨλεΫ ɾjɿ෼ࢄΛ֬ೝ ɾjɿ෼෍ͷ਍அ ɾjɿఢରతֶश !4

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&YQFSJNFOUBM4FUVQ w @ ɾl"UUFOUJPOJTOPU&YQMBOBUJPOzͱ΄΅ಉ͡ ɾϞσϧɿ૒ํ޲-45."UUFOUJPO !5

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%FpOJUJPOT Ҿ༻ɿIUUQTTQFBLFSEFDLDPNPLBZVXFOYJBOTIBPKJFBUUFOUJPOJTOPUFYQMBOBUJPO TMJEF ɾl"UUFOUJPOJTOPU&YQMBOBUJPOzͱಉ͡ !6

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&YQFSJNFOUj෼ྨλεΫ w "UUFOUJPOͷඞཁੑΛௐ΂ͯɺ෼ྨ λεΫͱσʔληοτͷଥ౰ੑΛ֬ೝ w "UUFOUJPO͕ඞཁͰ͋Δ৔߹ɺ#BTF ͱ6OJGPSNʢ"UUFOUJPOͷॏΈ͕ɹ ۉҰʣͷؒͰ݁Ռ͕ѱԽ͢Δ͸ͣ w ͭͷ෼ྨλεΫͰ͸ɺ"UUFOUJPOΛ ༻͍ͯ΋΄ͱΜͲվળ͠ͳ͍ w Ҏ߱ɺ͜ͷͭͷதͰ445ͷΈѻ͏ !7

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&YQFSJNFOUj෼ࢄͷ֬ೝ !8 ɾઌߦݚڀͰಘΒΕͨ෼ࢄ͕ ɹਖ਼͘͠ಘΒΕ͍ͯΔ͔֬ೝ ɾॳظԽͷϥϯμϜγʔυΛ ɹ࢖༻ͯͭ͠ͷϞσϧͰ෼ੳ ɹʢTFFEʣ ɾఢରతͳϞσϧ ɹʢBEWFSTBSZʣ

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3FTVMUj෼ࢄͷ֬ೝ !9 ɾϥϯμϜγʔυͷมߋʹରͯ͠ ɹϩόετͰ͋Δ

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&YQFSJNFOUj෼෍ͷ਍அ w 6OJGPSNɿ.-1ग़ྗΛۉ౳ʹߟྀ w 5SBJOFE.-1ɿ.-1ʹ "UUFOUJPOΛֶशͤ͞Δ w #BTF-45.ɿγϯϓϧͳ-45. ͷ"UUFOUJPOMBZFSͰී௨ʹֶश w "EWFSTBSZɿఢରతֶशͰಘΒΕ ͨ෼෍ʹجͮ͘ ͭͷॏΈͷ෼෍Ͱ j ͱಉ༷ʹ෼ྨ λεΫΛղ͖ɺൺֱ͢Δ !10

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3FTVMUj෼෍ͷ਍அ w 6OJGPSNɿ.-1ग़ྗΛۉ౳ʹߟྀ w 5SBJOFE.-1ɿ.-1ʹ "UUFOUJPOΛֶशͤ͞Δ w #BTF-45.ɿγϯϓϧͳ-45. ͷ"UUFOUJPOMBZFSͰී௨ʹֶश w "EWFSTBSZɿఢରతֶशͰಘΒΕ ͨ෼෍ʹجͮ͘ w "UUFOUJPOΛ༻͍ͨ #BTF-45.͕࠷΋ྑ͍ ݁Ռʹͳͬͨ !11

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.FUIPEjఢରతֶश w Ҏલͷͭʢj ʣ͸"UUFOUJPOͷ༗ҙੑΛςετ͢Δํ๏ w "UUFOUJPOʹΑΔ෼෍Ҏ֎Ͱɺ"UUFOUJPOͱಉ౳ͷ༧ଌ͕Ͱ͖Δ෼෍Λ ಘΔͨΊʹɺఢରతֶशΛ༻͍Δ w ֬཰తޯ഑߱Լ๏Ͱߋ৽͠ɺϞσϧ.BΛಘΔ !12

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&YQMBOBUJPO w ʮઆ໌Մೳͳ"*ʯɿಁ໌ੑɺઆ໌ՄೳੑɺղऍՄೳੑ w -JQUPO ɿಁ໌ੑΛʮϞσϧͷಛఆͷ෦෼͕ਓ͕ؒཧղͰ͖Δߏ଄ʹରԠ ͢Δํ๏ʯͱఆٛ w 3VEJO ɿઆ໌ՄೳੑʻղऍՄೳੑͱఆٛ w ʮೖྗͷಛఆͷཁૉʹߴ͍"UUFOUJPOXFJHIU͕͋ΔͱɺϞσϧ͕ͦͷ༧ଌΛ ߦ͏͜ͱʹͭͳ͕Δʁʯ w ෳ਺ͷ෼෍͔Βಉ͡༧ଌ͕ಘΒΕͨ࣌ɺಁ໌ੑͷԼͷഉଞੑʹΑΓɺ "UUFOUJPO͸&YQMBOBUJPOͰ͸ͳ͍ͱ͞ΕΔ !13

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$PODMVTJPO w &YQMBOBUJPO͔Ͳ͏͔͸ఆٛʹΑΔ w ༷ʑͳֶशํ๏Ͱಘͨ୅ସͱͳΔ෼෍͸ɺैདྷͷ"UUFOUJPOʹൺ΂ͯ݁ Ռ͕ѱ͔ͬͨʢjʣɻ͜ΕʹΑΓɺ"UUFOUJPO͕τʔΫϯͱ༧ଌͷؔ ܎ʹ͍ͭͯҙٛͷ͋Δ͜ͱΛֶश͍ͯ͠Δͱ͍͏͜ͱ͕ߟ͑ΒΕΔɻ !14