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Bridging Parallel Universes Upgrading with Angular Elements

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Upgrading is hard.

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Choosing the right path is critical.

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Let’s get through it together.

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Sam Julien @samjulien @samjulien

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Sam Julien @samjulien Developer Advocate Engineer at Auth0 @samjulien

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Sam Julien @samjulien Developer Advocate Engineer at Auth0 GDE & Angular Collaborator @samjulien

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Sam Julien @samjulien Developer Advocate Engineer at Auth0 GDE & Angular Collaborator UpgradingAngularJS.com, Thinkster, Egghead @samjulien

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@samjulien

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The Four Paths @samjulien

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The Four Paths Rewrite @samjulien

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The Four Paths ngUpgrade Rewrite @samjulien

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The Four Paths Hybrid Routing ngUpgrade Rewrite @samjulien

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The Four Paths Hybrid Routing Angular Elements ngUpgrade Rewrite @samjulien

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Angular Elements @samjulien

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What are Angular Elements? @samjulien

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What are Angular Elements? Custom Web Components Tiny Angular Apps “Fill in the Gaps” of Angular use cases @samjulien

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Why Angular Elements?

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Why not ngUpgrade?

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Where ngUpgrade Works @samjulien

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Where ngUpgrade Works Small to Medium Apps @samjulien

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Where ngUpgrade Works Small to Medium Apps Low Complexity @samjulien

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Where ngUpgrade Works Small to Medium Apps Low Complexity Modern AngularJS @samjulien

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But… @samjulien

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Tightly Coupled @samjulien

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@samjulien Dependency Injection

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@samjulien Dependency Injection Change Detection

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@samjulien Complex UIs Testing ☠

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Angular Elements @samjulien

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Angular Elements Large Apps @samjulien

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Angular Elements Large Apps High Complexity @samjulien

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Angular Elements Large Apps Legacy Patterns High Complexity @samjulien

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The Elements Upgrade Strategy @samjulien

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The Elements Upgrade Strategy Set Up ⬆ Bottom-up components Create vanilla JS services with wrappers Convert routing and remove Elements @samjulien

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Setting Up Angular Elements

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Custom Element index.html Custom Element Custom Element Polyfills Angular CLI Project AngularJS Project Monorepo

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Custom Element index.html Custom Element Custom Element Polyfills Angular CLI Project AngularJS Project Monorepo

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Custom Element index.html Custom Element Custom Element Polyfills Angular CLI Project AngularJS Project Monorepo

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Custom Element index.html Custom Element Custom Element Polyfills Angular CLI Project AngularJS Project Monorepo

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Custom Element index.html Custom Element Custom Element Polyfills Angular CLI Project AngularJS Project Monorepo

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Custom Element index.html Custom Element Custom Element Polyfills Angular CLI Project AngularJS Project Monorepo

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Custom Element index.html Custom Element Custom Element Polyfills Angular CLI Project AngularJS Project Monorepo

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Custom Element index.html Custom Element Custom Element Polyfills Angular CLI Project AngularJS Project Monorepo

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Custom Element index.html Custom Element Custom Element Polyfills Angular CLI Project AngularJS Project bundle-ce.js Monorepo

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Custom Element index.html Custom Element Custom Element Polyfills Angular CLI Project AngularJS Project bundle-ce.js Monorepo

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Custom Element index.html Custom Element Custom Element Polyfills Angular CLI Project AngularJS Project bundle-ce.js polyfills.js Monorepo

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Custom Element index.html Custom Element Custom Element Polyfills Angular CLI Project AngularJS Project bundle-ce.js polyfills.js Monorepo

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Custom Element index.html Custom Element Custom Element Polyfills Angular CLI Project AngularJS Project bundle-ce.js polyfills.js Monorepo

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Add Angular Elements @samjulien

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ng add @angular/elements @samjulien

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ngx-build-plus @samjulien

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@samjulien

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ng add ngx-build-plus @samjulien

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ng build --prod --single-bundle @samjulien

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cpr dist/custom-el ../legacy/dist/custom-el -d @samjulien

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⚠ Polyfills @samjulien

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Upgrading Components

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@samjulien

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@samjulien

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@samjulien

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customers customers-table customerService @samjulien

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customers customers-table-ce customerService @samjulien

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@Component({ template: ` // ... ` }) export class CustomersTableComponent { @Input() customers; constructor() {} } @samjulien

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@Component({ template: ` // ... ` }) export class CustomersTableComponent { @Input() customers; constructor() {} } @samjulien

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@Component({ template: ` // ... ` }) export class CustomersTableComponent { @Input() customers; constructor() {} } @samjulien

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@Component({ template: ` // ... ` }) export class CustomersTableComponent { @Input() customers; constructor() {} } @samjulien

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Cool, but how do we use it?

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@NgModule({ entryComponents: [CustomersTableComponent], declarations: [CustomersTableComponent] // ...Providers, etc. }) @samjulien

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@NgModule({ entryComponents: [CustomersTableComponent], declarations: [CustomersTableComponent] // ...Providers, etc. }) @samjulien

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@NgModule({ entryComponents: [CustomersTableComponent], declarations: [CustomersTableComponent] // ...Providers, etc. }) @samjulien

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export class AppModule { constructor(private injector: Injector) {} ngDoBootstrap() { const el = createCustomElement(CustomersTableComponent, { injector: this.injector }); customElements.define('customers-table-ce', el); } } @samjulien

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export class AppModule { constructor(private injector: Injector) {} ngDoBootstrap() { const el = createCustomElement(CustomersTableComponent, { injector: this.injector }); customElements.define('customers-table-ce', el); } } @samjulien

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export class AppModule { constructor(private injector: Injector) {} ngDoBootstrap() { const el = createCustomElement(CustomersTableComponent, { injector: this.injector }); customElements.define('customers-table-ce', el); } } @samjulien

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export class AppModule { constructor(private injector: Injector) {} ngDoBootstrap() { const el = createCustomElement(CustomersTableComponent, { injector: this.injector }); customElements.define('customers-table-ce', el); } } @samjulien

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export class AppModule { constructor(private injector: Injector) {} ngDoBootstrap() { const el = createCustomElement(CustomersTableComponent, { injector: this.injector }); customElements.define('customers-table-ce', el); } } @samjulien

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How do we pass data?

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AngularJS 1.7+ Helpers @samjulien

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ng-custom-element @samjulien

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Inputs

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ng-prop-* @samjulien

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@Component({ template: ` // ... ` }) export class CustomersTableComponent { @Input() customers; constructor() {} } @samjulien

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@samjulien

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@samjulien

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@samjulien

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How do get data out?

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Outputs

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@samjulien

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@samjulien

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@samjulien

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@samjulien

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@samjulien

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customer-detail discount @samjulien

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customer-detail discount-ce @samjulien

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export class DiscountComponent { @Input() customerDiscount: any; @Output() updateDiscount = new EventEmitter(); selectedDiscount: any; // ...other code updateDiscountType() { this.updateDiscount.emit({ discount: this.selectedDiscount }); this.editDiscount = false; } } @samjulien

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export class DiscountComponent { @Input() customerDiscount: any; @Output() updateDiscount = new EventEmitter(); selectedDiscount: any; // ...other code updateDiscountType() { this.updateDiscount.emit({ discount: this.selectedDiscount }); this.editDiscount = false; } } @samjulien

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export class DiscountComponent { @Input() customerDiscount: any; @Output() updateDiscount = new EventEmitter(); selectedDiscount: any; // ...other code updateDiscountType() { this.updateDiscount.emit({ discount: this.selectedDiscount }); this.editDiscount = false; } } @samjulien

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export class DiscountComponent { @Input() customerDiscount: any; @Output() updateDiscount = new EventEmitter(); selectedDiscount: any; // ...other code updateDiscountType() { this.updateDiscount.emit({ discount: this.selectedDiscount }); this.editDiscount = false; } } @samjulien

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ng-on-* @samjulien

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@samjulien

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@samjulien

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@samjulien

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@samjulien

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How do we register multiple elements?

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const elements: any[] = [ [CustomersTableComponent, 'customers-table-ce'], [DiscountComponent, 'discount-ce'] ]; for (const [component, name] of elements) { const el = createCustomElement(component, { injector: this.injector }); customElements.define(name, el); } @samjulien

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const elements: any[] = [ [CustomersTableComponent, 'customers-table-ce'], [DiscountComponent, 'discount-ce'] ]; for (const [component, name] of elements) { const el = createCustomElement(component, { injector: this.injector }); customElements.define(name, el); } @samjulien

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const elements: any[] = [ [CustomersTableComponent, 'customers-table-ce'], [DiscountComponent, 'discount-ce'] ]; for (const [component, name] of elements) { const el = createCustomElement(component, { injector: this.injector }); customElements.define(name, el); } @samjulien

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const elements: any[] = [ [CustomersTableComponent, 'customers-table-ce'], [DiscountComponent, 'discount-ce'] ]; for (const [component, name] of elements) { const el = createCustomElement(component, { injector: this.injector }); customElements.define(name, el); } @samjulien

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const elements: any[] = [ [CustomersTableComponent, 'customers-table-ce'], [DiscountComponent, 'discount-ce'] ]; for (const [component, name] of elements) { const el = createCustomElement(component, { injector: this.injector }); customElements.define(name, el); } @samjulien

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const elements: any[] = [ [CustomersTableComponent, 'customers-table-ce'], [DiscountComponent, 'discount-ce'] ]; for (const [component, name] of elements) { const el = createCustomElement(component, { injector: this.injector }); customElements.define(name, el); } @samjulien

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const elements: any[] = [ [CustomersTableComponent, 'customers-table-ce'], [DiscountComponent, 'discount-ce'] ]; for (const [component, name] of elements) { const el = createCustomElement(component, { injector: this.injector }); customElements.define(name, el); } @samjulien

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Tip: Group into Modules @samjulien

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Sharing Data with Services

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Here be dragons @samjulien

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@samjulien

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@samjulien

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Wrap Shared JS Services @samjulien

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Vanilla JS Service

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Vanilla JS Service AngularJS Wrapper Angular Wrapper

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let lazySharedInstance: CustomerService | undefined; export class CustomerService { static sharedInstance() { if (!lazySharedInstance) { lazySharedInstance = new CustomerService(); } return lazySharedInstance; } } @samjulien

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let lazySharedInstance: CustomerService | undefined; export class CustomerService { static sharedInstance() { if (!lazySharedInstance) { lazySharedInstance = new CustomerService(); } return lazySharedInstance; } } @samjulien

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let lazySharedInstance: CustomerService | undefined; export class CustomerService { static sharedInstance() { if (!lazySharedInstance) { lazySharedInstance = new CustomerService(); } return lazySharedInstance; } } @samjulien

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let lazySharedInstance: CustomerService | undefined; export class CustomerService { static sharedInstance() { if (!lazySharedInstance) { lazySharedInstance = new CustomerService(); } return lazySharedInstance; } } @samjulien

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let lazySharedInstance: CustomerService | undefined; export class CustomerService { static sharedInstance() { if (!lazySharedInstance) { lazySharedInstance = new CustomerService(); } return lazySharedInstance; } } @samjulien

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@Injectable({ providedIn: 'root' }) export class AngularCustomerService { readonly customerService: CustomerService; constructor() { this.customerService = CustomerService.sharedInstance(); } } @samjulien

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@Injectable({ providedIn: 'root' }) export class AngularCustomerService { readonly customerService: CustomerService; constructor() { this.customerService = CustomerService.sharedInstance(); } } @samjulien

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@Injectable({ providedIn: 'root' }) export class AngularCustomerService { readonly customerService: CustomerService; constructor() { this.customerService = CustomerService.sharedInstance(); } } @samjulien

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@Injectable({ providedIn: 'root' }) export class AngularCustomerService { readonly customerService: CustomerService; constructor() { this.customerService = CustomerService.sharedInstance(); } } @samjulien

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export class AngularJSCustomerService { readonly customerService: CustomerService; constructor() { this.customerService = CustomerService.sharedInstance(); } } @samjulien

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export class AngularJSCustomerService { readonly customerService: CustomerService; constructor() { this.customerService = CustomerService.sharedInstance(); } } @samjulien

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export class AngularJSCustomerService { readonly customerService: CustomerService; constructor() { this.customerService = CustomerService.sharedInstance(); } } @samjulien

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customerService.getCustomers() @samjulien

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getCustomers(){ return from( this.customerService.getCustomers() ); } @samjulien

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getCustomers(){ return from( this.customerService.getCustomers() ); } @samjulien

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getCustomers(){ return from( this.customerService.getCustomers() ); } @samjulien

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getCustomers(){ return this.customerService.getCustomers() .then(() => { $rootScope.apply(); }); } @samjulien

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getCustomers(){ return this.customerService.getCustomers() .then(() => { $rootScope.apply(); }); } @samjulien

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getCustomers(){ return this.customerService.getCustomers() .then(() => { $rootScope.apply(); }); } @samjulien

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getCustomers(){ return this.customerService.getCustomers() .then(() => { $rootScope.apply(); }); } @samjulien

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getCustomers(){ return this.customerService.getCustomers() .then(() => { $rootScope.apply(); }); } @samjulien

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Use inputs and outputs as much as possible. @samjulien

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Inputs & Outputs @samjulien

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Indirection @samjulien

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- / @samjulien

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NgRx & Redux @samjulien

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Angular Elements @samjulien

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Angular Elements Large Apps Legacy Patterns High Complexity @samjulien

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Angular Elements Large Apps Legacy Patterns High Complexity @samjulien

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NgRx Large Apps High Complexity @samjulien

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Wrapping Up the Upgrade

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Add Component Selectors @samjulien

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@samjulien @Component({ // selector: ‘customers-table', template: ` // ... ` }) export class CustomersTableComponent {}

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@samjulien @Component({ // selector: ‘customers-table', template: ` // ... ` }) export class CustomersTableComponent {}

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@samjulien @Component({ selector: ‘customers-table', template: ` // ... ` }) export class CustomersTableComponent {}

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Switch Routing @samjulien

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Drop Elements @samjulien

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Drop Elements Clean up modules Uninstall Elements and tools Remove unused polyfills @samjulien

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The Elements Upgrade Strategy Set Up ⬆ Bottom-up components Create vanilla JS services with wrappers Convert routing and remove Elements @samjulien

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Where to Go from Here Erin Coughlan: • AngularConnect 2018 Talk • Devoxx Belgium 2018 Talk • create-ng1-wrapper Juri Strumpflohner • Egghead Course Manfred Steyer • Upgrading with Elements • Elements Series • A Deep Look at Elements • Beyond the Basics @samjulien

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samj.im/elements-upgrade @samjulien

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samj.im/elements-upgrade Thank you! @samjulien