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What’s all the noise a- bot? Denver Startup Week Denver, CO September 15, 2016 Jonathan Haber & Mike Brevoort Robots & Pencils / Beep Boop

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Mike Brevoort CTO, Robots & Pencils GM, Beep Boop @mbrevoort robotsandpencils.com beepboophq.com

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Sub Title Everything we do starts by blending the sciences with the humanities - the robots with the pencils - the engineers with the designers.

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robotsandpencils.com 6 Follow The Talent Calgary Winnipeg New York Denver San Fran Austin London #1 Pittsburgh

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Agenda Why Bots? Why Now? Designing Bot 2 Human Interface Lessons from Beep Boop

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Why Bots? Why Now? 1. Rise of Messaging 2. A great undercurrent war over discoverability and distribution 3. Natural Language Understanding / AI / Machine Learning Renaissance 4. Billions of mobile, context-aware, sensing, connected, omnipresent computing devices.

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“Smartphones brought a step change in the level of abstraction and simplicity in UIs. AI will do the same again. - @BenedictEvans

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Major “bot friendly” messaging platforms

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4th Generation Platform Opportunity

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Meta-Platforms

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Any Device Anyone (% world) Anytime Bots !"#$%&'()*+, -./012345678 9999999999 meta-platform runtime

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Anyone Connected Anywhere Any device Context Data Systems

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A Human First Operating System

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Hardware Operating System Application People People Hardware Operating System Application People 101100 People bots:Systems Slack Computer First Human First words/ signals words/ signals

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How Are Bots Different? Social Meta-Platform “native” A character in the scene Passive and Active Rich interactive notifications

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Questions To Ask About Your Product Is your product an alien, visitor or citizen of these meta platforms? Is there value to your users? Primary or supplementary? Is my product an ivory tower?

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Jonathan Haber UX Researcher PhD, Robots & Pencils @jonathanhaber

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Designing the Bot 2 Human Interface 10 Suggestions For Great Bot Design

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A pretty crowded playing field . . .

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CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION - NOT FOR DISTRIBUTION. Human Computer Interaction (1830-2016) Touch 1.0 > Touch 2.0 > Touch 3.0 > Voice / Conversational Source: http://www.kpcb.com/blog/2016-internet-trends-report

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CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION - NOT FOR DISTRIBUTION. Consumer Preference / Value Evolution Millennials = More Global / Optimistic / Tolerant Source: http://www.kpcb.com/blog/2016-internet-trends-report

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CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION - NOT FOR DISTRIBUTION. Rapid Messaging Communication Growth Leaders = WhatsApp / Facebook Messenger / WeChat Note: Users are becoming more comfortable interacting with chat systems for more than just chat. Source: http://www.kpcb.com/blog/2016-internet-trends-report

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Messaging Secret Sauce Magic of the Thread = Conversational; Remembers Identity / Time / Specifics / Preferences / Context Source: http://www.kpcb.com/blog/2016-internet-trends-report

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Fighting To Get Noticed Amongst The Noise

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We will explore the design of the bot- human conversation piece of interaction. Keep in mind this may represent just the “tip of the iceberg” when it comes to what is happening with bot-2- bot interaction behind the scenes.

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Candace

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10 Suggestions For Great Bot Design

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Attractive things work better

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Bot: Can I help you? How can I help you? bot

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Great choice! Want to purchase it now? Great choice! Want to purchase it now?

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Speed Really Does Matter

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29 % of smartphone users will immediately switch to another site or app if it doesn’t satisfy their needs (e.g. they can’t find information or it’s too slow) - thinkwithgoogle.com

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40 % of shoppers will wait no more than three seconds before abandoning a retail or travel site - thinkwithgoogle.com

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What starts conversationally, need not stay that way! Would you like to pay now? (yes/no) Yes Would you like to pay now? (yes/no)

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Which seat would you like to book? B-7 What seat would you like to book? Click the seat below. Which would you prefer? - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

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Provide an escape hatch Provide an escape hatch “I’d just rather wait and talk to a real person.” :https://blog.intercom.com/principles-bot-design/

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Support undo and redo. Users often choose system functions by mistake or enter incorrect information. Don’t make them go through an extended dialogues to fix this. Bot: You just told me your home location is Antarctica. User: Forget what I just said.

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If Mobile Consider Bots and Proxemics

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Think beyond the keyboard & join people IRL

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When we design something that can be used by those with disabilities, we often make it better for everyone. - Don Norman

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An interface that doesn’t depend on users being able to recall specific commands or methods of interaction means the interface is by its nature accessible: each person uses the system in his or her own way, so every use case is accounted for. Users no longer have to translate their intents to actions. Now the intent is the action. - Alan Dix

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Consider Human On-boarding Problems

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Use Personas For Your Users & Your Bots

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Roles Negotiate New Contracts Find new clients and offer solutions for their needs, negotiate pricing for services. Sign off Authority • Reviews all company work and has final say • Handles payments and collections Company Goals • Increase the size of contracts and clients • Add 30% more architects & support staff in the next year • Grow use & understanding of technology in business Persona for Banking Customer - SAMPLE Debra Edworthy, 48 Occupation: Architect, co-owner of Edworthy & Sullivan with her business partner Angela Personal Description: • Worked 15 years for another firm before starting a business • Business owner for 6 years • Works 50-70 hours per week Values: • Prefers working with upscale clients • Worried about security of data • Is a designer, so appreciates well thought out technical design Technological (7/10) Internet Use • Email • Banking • Shopping • Professional publications & journals Smartphone • Client communication • Text with partner • Check & update calendar • Banking Desktop iMac at the office for work, another one at home for mixed business / personal use. Problems / Desires • Transferring money needs to be easy, fast and clear about what can and cannot be sent and where • Wants to be able to easily transfer money between banks, people and to other countries • Ease of paying bills & salaries & invoicing is a top priority • Wants single sign on for personal & business • Wants different visuals & branding for business vs. personal • Wants to go paperless • Web services must have all the features of competitions’ offerings • Ease of getting necessary tax information is a top priority Tasks Both Debra and her business partner have individual and shared business bank accounts. Typical tasks include: • Paying staff salaries • Paying for office tools & furnishings • Collecting income from clients, often in instalments • Collecting invoices and expenditures to give to accountant at tax time • Keeping track of deductible expenses • Paying various small business fees (licenses, bonds, etc.) • Paying business taxes • Using credit cards for short-term revolving credit

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Decision Space of Bot Personality Avatar-building sites hint at design choices: Gender 
 Male, female, neither, other Degree of realism 
 Photo real to cartoon / mascot Class 
 Servant or peer (eg. Uber vs Lyft) Stack depth of state Airplane flight vs roommate Vocabulary
 Formality, emoji, giphy, other IQ 
 Language abilities and limitations Consider your bot back story. Does it have a race? What does it wear? How old is it? What kind of cultural references is it into (music, sports, etc)?

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Consider Inconvenient Bot Interaction CHI 2013 Rekimoto

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Upping Your Relationship Fidelity

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Let your bot’s personality shine!

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Let your bot display emotional states The person interacting with your bot should know: When a request is understood When something is easy OR difficulty to do When something wrong or inappropriate is happening

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Focus on acknowledging the user and letting them know when something went wrong We have the following colors: white, gray, brown, red, orange, pink, and black. What color would you like? smorange I’m sorry, “smorange”? Is that a color? We have white, gray, brown, red, pink and black. What color would you like? gray Cool! So a large gray t-shirt! Oops! Something went wrong. :http://alistapart.com/article/designing-the-conversational-ui

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Consider the follow: Displaying the bots level of pleasure / displeasure Energetic or exhausted Confident or anxious This allow users to learn about what the bot can do, how to interact with it, and even how to speak to the bot. “We teach others how to treat us and that is no different with a bot.” - Jon Haber

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Don't hesitate to praise, even if you're not sure the praise is accurate. Compliment sandwiches don't work… The bot should always blame itself when things go wrong…

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CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION - NOT FOR DISTRIBUTION. High Level: CUI Best Practice A bot’s personality depends on the situation where it will be used. Bots that accept blame are more likeable. People feel that bots represent the organization more than the users. Bots shouldn’t be the primary interface for your app (yet). Users want to know when a dialogue or interaction is ending. I II III IV V

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A few final thoughts…

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Voice: Should be Most Efficient Form of Computing Source: http://www.kpcb.com/blog/2016-internet-trends-report Voice Interfaces: Consumer Benefits 1. Fast
 Humans can speak 150 vs type 40 works per minute on average 2. Easy
 Convenient, hands-free, instant 3. Personalized + Context
 Keyboard free, ability to understand wide context of questions based on history, interactions, locations and other semantics Voice Interfaces: Unique Qualities 1. Random Access vs. Hierarchical GUI
 Think Google Search vs. Yahoo! Directory 2. Low Cost + Small Footprint
 Requires microphone / speaker / processor / connectivity 3. Requires Natural Language Recognition & Processing

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Usability Evaluation Considered Harmful (Some of the Time) CHI Panel 2008 Bill Buxton Principal researcher Microsoft Research

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Where can I go to find the best sushi in the city of Denver? Sushi Denver Best How will people want to talk to bots?

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Slash Commands The future is a simpler interface which looks less like this: And more like this: Discover of discreet conversational services becomes less of an issue if users are trained to think and type more like programmers.

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Sure, But What Does it All Mean? There is an obvious reason for the rising profile of messaging. Slack example:

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It is still early days…

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A few lessons from Beep Boop

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“Fool me once, shame on… shame on you. Fool me… you can’t get fooled again - George W. Bush

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1 One moment you’re cute and fun…

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1 The next moment, you’re an idiot

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1 Lesson 1: Be really smart or really dumb, not both.

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2 Lesson 2: Be social and collaborative

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3 Lesson 3: Delight users, just don’t overdue it

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4 Lesson 4: Don’t pollute the stream.

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5 Lesson 5: Make Notifications Actionable

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“We more often than not over-estimate platform shifts in the short term but under-estimate them in the long term. – Steven Sinofsky

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Follow up questions and comments: @jonathanhaber [email protected] @mbrevoort [email protected] https://robotsandpencils.com @robotsNpencils Robots & Pencils https://beepboophq.com @BeepBoopHQ Beep Boop