Punctuations different types of punctuations and when to use them englishpriority.com All rights reserved. 

Correct punctuation adds clarity and precision to writing It allows the writer to stop, pause, or give emphasis to certain parts of the sentence. englishpriority.com All rights reserved. 

Q: How are commas used in this sentence? To separate items in a list or series of three or more Federal government has the power to regulate business, establish public schools, and conduct local elections. COMMA englishpriority.com All rights reserved. 

A: The commas separated three functions of the federal government. Q: How are commas used in this sentence? To separate items in a list or series of three or more Federal government has the power to regulate business, establish public schools, and conduct local elections. COMMA englishpriority.com All rights reserved. 

Q: How was the comma used in this sentence? To introduce or end a quotation in a sentence Ronald Reagan once said in his speech, "The federal government did not create the states; the States created the federal government." COMMA englishpriority.com All rights reserved. 

A: The comma was used to separate the introduction and the direct quote. Q: How was the comma used in this sentence? To introduce or end a quotation in a sentence Ronald Reagan once said in his speech, "The federal government did not create the states; the States created the federal government." COMMA englishpriority.com All rights reserved. 

Q: How were the commas used in this sentence? To show that a clause is extra or not crucial to understanding the main point The term Federalism, a system of government, has root in the Latin word“foedus” which means treaty, pact or covenant. COMMA englishpriority.com All rights reserved. 

A: The commas were used to separate “a system of government,” which is an extra clause that defines federalism. Q: How were the commas used in this sentence? To show that a clause is extra or not crucial to understanding the main point The term Federalism, a system of government, has root in the Latin word“foedus” which means treaty, pact or covenant. COMMA englishpriority.com All rights reserved. 

• They add extra information using brackets. • If they appear in the middle of a sentence, the other punctuation marks that surround them never go inside the parentheses. The Senate must approve important presidential appointments, including cabinet officers, federal judges (including nominees to the Supreme Court), department secretaries (heads of federal executive branch departments), and ambassadors to foreign countries. PARENTHESES Example: englishpriority.com All rights reserved. 

PARENTHESES Q: How were the parentheses used in this sentence? To enclose or group related information in sentences using brackets The Federal Government is composed of three distinct branches (legislative, executive, and judicial) whose powers are vested by the constitution. englishpriority.com All rights reserved. 

PARENTHESES A: They enclosed information that specifies the distinct branches of the federal government. Q: How were the parentheses used in this sentence? To enclose or group related information in sentences using brackets The Federal Government is composed of three distinct branches (legislative, executive, and judicial) whose powers are vested by the constitution. englishpriority.com All rights reserved. 

Three Types of Dash Hyphen (-) Em dash (—) En dash (–) The hyphen is the shortest of the three dashes. It is commonly used in compound adjectives before nouns. The em dash is approximately the width of an uppercase “M.” The en dash is approximately the width of an uppercase ”N.“ englishpriority.com All rights reserved. 

HYPHEN (-) Q: How was the hyphen used in this sentence? To join compound words or to separate syllables of a single word The federal government of the United States has five major self-governing territories. englishpriority.com All rights reserved. 

HYPHEN (-) A: The hyphen was used to join “self” and “governing.” It is commonly used in compound adjectives before nouns. Q: How was the hyphen used in this sentence? To join compound words or to separate syllables of a single word The federal government of the United States has five major self-governing territories. englishpriority.com All rights reserved. 

Q: How was the em dash used in this sentence? To add information in the sentence to show emphasis America’s first attempt to establish federalism — the Articles of Confederation of 1781 — failed. EM DASH (—) — englishpriority.com All rights reserved. 

A: The em dashes were used to include a note within a sentence that specifies America’s first attempt at federalism. Q: How was the em dash used in this sentence? To add information in the sentence to show emphasis America’s first attempt to establish federalism — the Articles of Confederation of 1781 — failed. EM DASH (—) — Remember: Like parenthesis or comma, an em dash sets off a parenthetical phrase or an abrupt change in thought. However, it creates a stronger break in the sentence. englishpriority.com All rights reserved. 

Q: How was the en dash used in this sentence? The Articles of Confederation that served as the United States' first constitution was in force from 1781-1789. EN DASH (–) – • Express a period of time • Indicate a range of numbers • Used with scores • Indicate distance To show number ranges and connections between similar words englishpriority.com All rights reserved. 

A: The en dash here expresses the range of years that the Articles of Confederation was in effect. Q: How was the en dash used in this sentence? The Articles of Confederation that served as the United States' first constitution was in force from 1781-1789. EN DASH (–) – • Express a period of time • Indicate a range of numbers • Used with scores • Indicate distance To show number ranges and connections between similar words englishpriority.com All rights reserved. 

Review Indicates a pause in a sentence, either between phrases, clauses, or items in a list COMMA Indicate details about the topic or indicate a phrase that interrupts the natural flow of a sentence PARENTHESES Indicates a pause in thought which offers more detail or emphasizes a point of information DASH englishpriority.com All rights reserved. 

1. Constituent units under Federalism may be known by a variety of names like states Australia, Malaysia, USA, provinces Argentina, Canada, South Africa, or regions Belgium, Italy. 2. Federalism promotes innovation like a state enacting a policy to provide greater health care for low income citizens despite the absence of such provisions at the central government. Assignment Analyze and rewrite the following sentences to include appropriate punctuations. Use a Canva Doc or a piece of paper. 3. The federal level may also be known as a national central or union government. 4. Unlike a unitary state where everything money power culture is driven by the capital, federalism promotes diverse economic and social development. 5. Federalism is a mode of government that combines a general government with regional governments in a single political system and it divides the powers between the two. englishpriority.com All rights reserved. 

3. The federal level may also be known as a national, central, or union government. 1. Constituent units under Federalism may be known by a variety of names like states (Australia, Malaysia, USA), provinces (Argentina, Canada, South Africa), or regions (Belgium, Italy). 2. Federalism promotes innovation, like a state enacting a policy to provide greater health care for low-income citizens despite the absence of such provisions at the central government. 4. Unlike a unitary state where everything — money, power, culture — is driven by the capital, federalism promotes diverse economic and social development. 5. Federalism, a mode of government that combines a general government with regional governments in a single political system, divides the powers between the two. Assignment (Answer Key) englishpriority.com All rights reserved.