From Ruby to Objective-C

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from Ruby to Objective-C

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I’m a Ruby guy (≈ 5 years) I’m a iOS app guy (≈ 3 years) I’m a Flash guy (≈ 9 years) I’m a Python guy (≈ 3 years)

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Ruby > Rails

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Current Status 80% iOS app, 20% Ruby/Rails

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100% Ruby Lover!

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Rails Girls Taipei

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Rails Girls Taipei

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WebConf Taiwan 2014

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Today, I’m NOT talking about.. how to use Ruby to write iOS app!

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I’m going to talk about..

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what I learned in Ruby…

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and move to Objective-C

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after all, our life, time and resources are limited

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what about Objective-C?

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“it has god dame long method name and weird parameters!” Objective-C … NSArray* languages = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"Ruby", @"PHP", @"Objective-C", nil]; ! [languages enumerateObjectsUsingBlock:^(id obj, NSUInteger idx, BOOL *stop) { NSLog(@"language = %@", obj); }];

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“what the hell is the square bracket!” Objective-C … NSString* myName = @"eddie kao"; NSLog(@"%@", [myName uppercaseString]);

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“WTF! my app crashed again!!” Objective-C …

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Introduction

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Ruby was born on 1993 Objective-C was born on 1983

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they have the same ancestor

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Smalltalk photo by Marcin Wichary

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Ruby is general-purpose Objective-C mainly used in Mac/iOS app development

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Ruby != Rails Objective-C != Cocoa Framework

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they have something in common..

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both Ruby and Objective-C are Object-Oriented

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both Ruby and Objective-C are strongly typed language.

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Ruby is a dynamic language Objective-C is a dynamic language

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both Ruby and Objective-C are Dynamic Typing

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Type checking.. - (void) makeSomeNoise:(id) sender { if ([sender isKindOfClass:[RobberDuck class]]) { RobberDuck* duck = (RobberDuck *) sender; [duck quack]; } }

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or you can do this.. - (void) makeSomeNoise:(id) sender { if ([sender respondsToSelector:@selector(quack)]) { [sender quack]; } }

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Objective-C is superset of C

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Objective-C is still C

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NSString, NSArray, NSNumber…

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NextSTEP

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CF… = Core Foundation CG… = Core Graphic CL… = Core Location CA… = Core Animation UI… = User Interface

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OOP

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everything in Ruby is an object…

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and almost everything in Objective-C is an objects..

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there’re still some primitive data types in Objective-C

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object model class Animal end ! class Dog < Animal end

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object model dog = Dog.new ! puts "class of dog is #{dog.class}” # Dog puts "superclass of dog is #{dog.class.superclass}” # Animal puts "super superclass of dog is #{dog.class.superclass.superclass}” # Object puts "super super superclass of dog is #{dog.class.superclass.superclass.superclass}” # BasicObject ! puts "class of Dog is #{Dog.class}” # Class puts "class class of Dog is #{Dog.class.class}” # Class puts "class of Animal is #{Animal.class}” # Class puts "class of Object is #{Object.class}” # Class

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object model @interface Animal : NSObject @end ! @implementation Animal @end ! @interface Dog : Animal @end ! @implementation Dog @end

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object model Dog* dog = [[Dog alloc] init]; ! NSLog(@"class of dog is %@", [dog class]); # Dog ! NSLog(@"superclass of dog is %@", [dog superclass]); # Animal ! NSLog(@"super superclass of dog is %@", [[dog superclass] superclass]); # NSObject ! NSLog(@"super super superclass of dog is %@", [[[dog superclass] superclass] superclass]); # null

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Object Model reference: http://goo.gl/wYL6gT

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method & message

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method deﬁnition - (void) sayHello:(id)someOne withMessage:(NSString *)message { NSLog(@"Hello %@, %@", someOne, message); } def say_hello(someone, message) puts "Hello #{someone}, #{message}" end

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sending message [dog walk]; dog.walk() # or you can omit the parentheses

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[fox saySomething:@"hi, Ruby"]; fox.say_something "hi, Ruby" # what does the fox say? sending message

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sending message puts 1 + 2 puts 1.+(2) puts 1.send(:+, 2)

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sending message class Bank def save(money) puts "you just saved #{money} dollars" end end ! bank = Bank.new bank.save 20 # you just saved 20 dollars bank.send(:save, 20) # you just saved 20 dollars

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sending message @interface Bank : NSObject - (void) save:(NSNumber *) money; @end ! @implementation Bank - (void)save:(NSNumber *)money { NSLog(@"you just saved %@ dollars", money); } @end ! Bank* bank = [[Bank alloc] init]; [bank save:@20]; [bank performSelector:@selector(save:) withObject:@20];

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block

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block p1 = Proc.new { puts "Hello, Proc Block" } p1.call ! p2 = lambda { puts "Hello, Lambda Block" } p2.call

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block ^{ };

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block typedef void (^MyBlock)(void); int age = 18; MyBlock theBlock = ^{ NSLog(@"Hello, Objective-C Block, your age = %d", age); }; ! theBlock(); # Hello, Objective-C Block, your age = 18 ! age = 38; theBlock(); # guess what’s the age?

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block 3.times { |i| puts i } NSArray* list = @[@1, @2, @3]; [list enumerateObjectsUsingBlock:^(NSNumber* num, NSUInteger idx, BOOL *stop) { NSLog(@"%@", num); }];

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iteration

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iteration list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] ! sum = 0 ! list.each { |num| sum += num } ! puts "sum = #{sum}"

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iteration NSArray* list = @[@1, @2, @3, @4, @5]; ! __block int sum = 0; ! [list enumerateObjectsUsingBlock:^(NSNumber* num, NSUInteger idx, BOOL *stop) { sum += [num intValue]; }]; ! NSLog(@"sum = %d", sum);

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iteration class Fox def say puts "what does the fox say?" end end ! fox1 = Fox.new fox2 = Fox.new fox3 = Fox.new foxes = [fox1, fox2, fox3] ! foxes.map { |fox| fox.say } # what does the fox say?

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iteration @interface Fox : NSObject - (void) say; @end ! @implementation Fox - (void) say { NSLog(@"what does the fox say?!"); } @end

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iteration Fox* fox1 = [[Fox alloc] init]; Fox* fox2 = [[Fox alloc] init]; Fox* fox3 = [[Fox alloc] init]; ! NSArray* foxes = @[fox1, fox2, fox3]; ! [foxes makeObjectsPerformSelector:@selector(say)];

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add methods at runtime

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Open class class String def is_awesome? return true if self == "Ruby Tuesday" end end ! puts "Ruby Tuesday".is_awesome?

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Category @interface NSString(RubyTuesday) - (BOOL) isAwesome; @end ! @implementation NSString(RubyTuesday) - (BOOL) isAwesome { if ([self isEqualToString:@"Ruby Tuesday"]){ return YES; } return NO; } @end

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Category NSString* meetup = @"Ruby Tuesday"; if ([meetup isAwesome]) { NSLog(@"AWESOME!"); }

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Working with Classes class_getName class_getSuperclass class_getInstanceVariable class_getClassVariable class_addIvar class_copyIvarList class_addMethod class_getInstanceMethod class_getClassMethod class_replaceMethod class_respondsToSelector .. reference: http://goo.gl/BEikIM

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Working with Instances object_copy object_dispose object_setInstanceVariable object_getInstanceVariable object_getIndexedIvars object_getIvar object_setIvar object_getClassName object_getClass object_setClass .. reference: http://goo.gl/BEikIM

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reﬂection - (BOOL) isKindOfClass:(Class) aClass - (BOOL) isMemberOfClass:(Class) aClass - (BOOL) respondsToSelector:(SEL) aSelector - (BOOL) conformsToProtocol:(Protocol *) aProtocol .. reference: http://goo.gl/fgmJcg

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ecosystem

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open source projects on Github Ruby : 76,574 Objective-C : 22,959

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Ruby : bundler source 'https://rubygems.org' ! gem 'rails', '3.2.8' gem 'mysql2' ! group :assets do gem 'sass-rails', '~> 3.2.3' gem "bootstrap-sass" end ! gem "kaminari" gem "simple_form" gem "carrierwave" gem 'unicorn'

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Objective-C : cocoapods platform :ios, '6.0' ! pod 'Facebook-iOS-SDK', '~> 3.5.1’ pod 'JSONKit', '~> 1.5pre' pod 'MagicalRecord', '~> 2.0.7’ pod 'SSKeychain', '~> 0.1.4’ pod 'TestFlightSDK', '~> 1.1' pod 'SMCalloutView', '~> 1.1.2' ! target :UnitTests do link_with 'UnitTests' pod 'OCMock', '~> 2.0.1' pod 'OCHamcrest', '~> 1.9' end

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IMHO

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Objective-C is not really hard to learn…

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the actual difﬁcult part in iOS app development is Cocoa Framework

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Objective-C would be almost useless without Cocoa Framework

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Ruby without Rails?!

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design patterns observer singleton delegation command target-action composite notiﬁcations proxy MVC

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what else..

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photoed by JD Hancock

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reference: http://goo.gl/2mzyMY Flash Display Hierarchy

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reference: http://goo.gl/xhS7m7 UIKit and AppKit framework Hierarchy

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Views reference: http://goo.gl/xhS7m7

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reference: http://goo.gl/xhS7m7 Views

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and I read Ruby source code..

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my iOS app dev experience = Ruby + C + Flash/AS3 = +

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⾼高⾒見⻯⿓龍 Contacts photo by Eddie Website Blog Plurk Facebook Google Plus Twitter Email Mobile http://www.eddie.com.tw http://blog.eddie.com.tw http://www.plurk.com/aquarianboy http://www.facebook.com/eddiekao http://www.eddie.com.tw/+ https://twitter.com/#!/eddiekao [email protected] +886-928-617-687