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Chris Oliver
Powerful TypeScript Rails
Features You Might Not know
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Learn Your Tools
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ActiveRecord Excluding
User.where.not(id: users.map(&:id))
# SELECT "users".* FROM "users"
WHERE "users"."id" NOT IN (1,2)
User.all.excluding(users)
# SELECT "users".* FROM "users"
WHERE "users"."id" NOT IN (1,2)
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ActiveRecord Strict Loading
class Project < ApplicationRecord
has_many :comments, strict_loading: true
end
project = Project.first
project.comments
ActiveRecord::StrictLoadingViolationError
`Project` is marked as strict_loading. The Comment
association named `:comments` cannot be lazily loaded.
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ActiveRecord Strict Loading
project = Project.includes(:comments).first
Project Load (0.3ms) SELECT "projects".* FROM
"projects" ORDER BY "projects"."id" ASC LIMIT ?
[["LIMIT", 1]]
Comment Load (0.1ms) SELECT "comments".* FROM
"comments" WHERE "comments"."project_id" = ?
[["project_id", 1]]
=> #
project.comments
=> [#]
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Generated Columns
class AddNameVirtualColumnToUsers < ActiveRecord::Migration[7.0]
def change
add_column :users, :full_name, :virtual,
type: :string,
as: "first_name || ' ' || last_name",
stored: true
end
end
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attr_readonly
class User < ApplicationRecord
attr_readonly :super_admin
end
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with_options
class Account < ActiveRecord::Base
with_options dependent: :destroy do
has_many :customers
has_many :products
has_many :invoices
has_many :expenses
end
end
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with_options
I18n.with_options locale: user.locale, scope: 'newsletter' do |i18n|
subject i18n.t :subject
body i18n.t :body, user_name: user.name
end
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Try
method_name if respond_to?(:method_name)
try(:method_name)
try(:method_name) || default
(method_name if respond_to?(:method_name)) || default
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ActionText Embeds
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Searching Users
json.array! @users do |user|
json.sgid user.attachable_sgid
json.content render(
partial: "users/user",
locals: {user: user},
formats: [:html]
)
end
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Signed GlobalIDs
User.first.attachable_sgid.to_s
"eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsibWVzc2FnZSI6IkJBaEpJaDluYVdRNkx5OX
FkVzF3YzNSaGNuUXRZWEJ3TDFWelpYSXZNUVk2QmtWVSIsImV4c
CI6IjIwMjMtMTAtMjhUMTY6MDY6MTEuMjEyWiIsInB1ciI6ImRl
ZmF1bHQifX0=--217284b31bc4e28f6e2cf2890ccee87ca7d3e
a2d"
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ActionText Embeds
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ActionText Embeds
import Trix from "trix"
let attachment = new Trix.Attachment({
content: "
Chris Oliver",
sgid: "BAh7CEkiCG…"
})
element.editor.insertAttachment(attachment)
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ActionText Embeds
Hey !
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Signed GlobalIDs
Base64.decode64("eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsibWVzc2FnZSI6IkJBaEpJaDluYVdRNkx5
OXFkVzF3YzNSaGNuUXRZWEJ3TDFWelpYSXZNUVk2QmtWVSIsImV4cCI6IjIwMjMtM
TAtMjhUMTY6MD
Y6MTEuMjEyWiIsInB1ciI6ImRlZmF1bHQifX0=“)
=> “{\"_rails\":{\"message\":
\"BAhJIh9naWQ6Ly9qdW1wc3RhcnQtYXBwL1VzZXIvMQY6BkVU\",\"exp\":
\"2023-10-28T16:06:11.212Z\",\"pur\":\"attachable\"}}"
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Signed GlobalIDs
Base64.decode64(“BAhJIh9naWQ6Ly9qdW1wc3RhcnQtYXBwL1VzZXI
vMQY6BkVU")
=> “\x04\bI\"\x1Fgid://jumpstart-pro/User/1\x06:\x06ET"
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ActionText Embeds
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Serialize Coders
module ActionText
class RichText < Record
serialize :body, coder: ActionText::Content
end
end
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Serialize Coders
class ActionText::Content
def self.load(content)
new(content) if content
end
def self.dump(content)
case content
when nil
nil
when self
content.to_html
end
end
end
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ActionMailbox Inbound Emails
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ActionMailbox Inbound Emails
# app/mailboxes/application_mailbox.rb
class ApplicationMailbox < ActionMailbox::Base
routing /@replies\./i => :replies
end
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class RepliesMailbox < ApplicationMailbox
MATCHER = /^reply-(\d+)@replies\./
def process
conversation.posts.create!(
author: author,
body: body,
message_id: mail.message_id
)
end
private
def conversation
Conversation.find(conversation_id)
end
def conversation_id
mail.recipients.find { |recipient| MATCHER.match?(recipient) }[MATCHER, 1]
end
end
ActionMailbox Inbound Emails
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Routing constraints
constraints subdomain: :app do
root "dashboard#show"
end
root "homepage#show"
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Routing constraints
authenticated :user, -> { _1.admin? } do
resource :admin
end
authenticated :user do
root "dashboard#show"
end
root "homepage#show"
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Routing constraints
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Draw Routes
Rails.application.routes.draw do
draw :api
# ...
end
# config/routes/api.rb
namespace :api, defaults: {format: :json} do
namespace :v1 do
resources :accounts
end
end
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Custom Generators
$ bin/rails g api_client OpenAI
--base-url https://api.openai.com
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Custom Generators
$ bin/rails generate generator ApiClient
creates an ApiClient generator:
lib/generators/api_client/
lib/generators/api_client/api_client_generator.rb
lib/generators/api_client/USAGE
lib/generators/api_client/templates/
test/lib/generators/api_client_generator_test.rb
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Custom Turbo Stream Actions
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Custom Turbo Stream Actions
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Custom Turbo Stream Actions
# create.turbo_stream.erb
<%= turbo_stream_action_tag “notification”,
title: “Hello world” %>
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Custom Turbo Stream Actions
import "@hotwired/turbo-rails"
Turbo.StreamActions.notification = function() {
Notification.requestPermission(function(status) {
if (status == "granted") {
new Notification(this.getAttribute("title"))
}
})
}
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Custom Turbo Stream Actions
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truncate_words
content = 'And they found that many people were sleeping better.'
content.truncate_words(5, omission: '... (continued)')
# => "And they found that many... (continued)"
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starts_at > Time.current
starts_at.after?(Time.current)
starts_at.future?
Time Helpers
starts_at < Time.current
starts_at.before?(Time.current)
starts_at.past?
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Time.current.all_day
#=> Fri, 06 Oct 2023 00:00:00 UTC +00:00..
Fri, 06 Oct 2023 23:59:59 UTC +00:00
Time.current.all_week
#=> Mon, 02 Oct 2023 00:00:00 UTC +00:00..
Sun, 08 Oct 2023 23:59:59 UTC +00:00
Time.current.all_month
#=> Sun, 01 Oct 2023 00:00:00 UTC +00:00..
Tue, 31 Oct 2023 23:59:59 UTC +00:00
Time Helpers
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123 -> 123
1234 -> 1,234
10512 -> 10.5K
2300123 -> 2.3M
Abbreviated numbers
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Abbreviated numbers
number_to_human(123) # => "123"
number_to_human(12345) # => "12.3 Thousand"
number_to_human(1234567) # => "1.23 Million"
number_to_human(489939, precision: 2) # => "490 Thousand"
number_to_human(489939, precision: 4) # => "489.9 Thousand"
number_to_human(1234567, precision: 4,
significant: false)# => "1.2346 Million"
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def number_to_social(number)
return number_with_delimiter(number) if number < 10_000
number_to_human(number,
precision: 1,
round_mode: :down,
significant: false,
format: "%n%u",
units: {thousand: "K", million: "M", billion: "B"}
)
end
Abbreviated numbers
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Abbreviated numbers
number_to_social(123) #=> 123
number_to_social(1_234) #=> 1,234
number_to_social(10_512) #=> 10.5K
number_to_social(2_300_123) #=> 2.3M
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Rails 7.1
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Rails.env.local?
Rails.env.development? || Rails.env.test?
Rails.env.local?
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ActiveSupport Inquiry
"production".inquiry.production? # => true
"active".inquiry.inactive? # => false
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Unused routes
$ rails routes --unused
Found 4 unused routes:
Prefix Verb URI Pattern Controller#Action
edit_comment GET /comments/:id/edit(.:format) comments#edit
PATCH /comments/:id(.:format) comments#update
PUT /comments/:id(.:format) comments#update
DELETE /comments/:id(.:format) comments#destroy
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Template strict locals
<%# locals: (message:) -%>
<%= tag.div id: dom_id(message) do %>
<%= message %>
<% end %>
<%= render partial: “message” %>
ArgumentError: missing local: :message
<%= render partial: “message”,
locals: {message: @message} %>
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Template strict locals
<%# locals: (message: “Hello”) -%>
<%= message %>
<%= render partial: “message” %>
<%= render partial: “message”,
locals: {message: “Hey”} %>
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Template strict locals
<%# locals: () -%>
Hello RailsWorld!
<%= render partial: “message” %>
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normalizes
class User < ApplicationRecord
end
def email=(value)
super value&.strip&.downcase
end
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normalizes
class User < ApplicationRecord
end
normalizes :email, with: ->(email) { email.strip.downcase }
normalizes :email, with: ->{ _1.strip.downcase }
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has_secure_password
authenticate_by & password_challenge
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authenticate_by
class User < ApplicationRecord
has_secure_password
end
User.find_by(email: "[email protected]")
&.authenticate(“railsworld2023")
#=> false or user
User.authenticate_by(
email: "[email protected]",
password: "railsworld2023"
) #=> user or nil
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password_challenge
Current.user.update(password_params)
def password_params
params.require(:user).permit(
:password,
:password_confirmation,
:password_challenge
).with_defaults(password_challenge: "")
end
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generates_token_for
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generates_token_for
class User < ApplicationRecord
generates_token_for :password_reset, expires_in: 15.minutes do
# BCrypt salt changes when password is updated
BCrypt::Password.new(password_digest).salt[-10..]
end
end
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generates_token_for
User.find_by_token_for(:password_reset, params[:token])
#=> User or nil
user.generate_token_for(:password_reset)
“eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6WzkwMjU0MTYzNSwiaC9oTkRJck9uL…”
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ActiveStorage Variants
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Named variants
class User < ApplicationRecord
has_one_attached :avatar do |attachable|
attachable.variant :thumbnail,
resize_to_limit: [200, 200]
end
end
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Preprocessed variants
class User < ApplicationRecord
has_one_attached :avatar do |attachable|
attachable.variant :thumbnail,
resize_to_limit: [200, 200],
preprocessed: true
end
end
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if @project.file.previewable?
@project.file.preview(:thumbnail)
elsif @project.file.variable?
@project.file.variant(:thumbnail)
end
# Render a preview or variant
@project.file.represenation(:thumbnail)
Representations
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Fact
L
Learn