INSIDE NGINX CONF & MODULE David Zhang 

ngx_agenda ● ngx_introduction ● ngx_conf ● ngx_module ● ngx_http ● ngx_reference 

ngx_introduction 

ngx_introduction ● Nginx (pronounced "engine x") ● HTTP, HTTPS, SMTP, IMAP, POP3 ● Igor Sysoev ○ Bauman Moscow State Technical University ○ Mail.ru ○ CTO of NGINX Inc. ● nginx.net ● NGINX Inc. ● http://hg.nginx.org/nginx/ (Mecurial) ● https://github.com/nginx/nginx (Mirror) 

ngx_introduction 

ngx_introduction ● Multi-process ○ Master ○ Worker ○ Cache loader ○ Cache manager ● Single-threaded ● Highly modular ● Event-driven ● Non-blocking 

ngx_conf 

ngx_conf_introduction ● nginx.conf ● Lua/OpenResty ● nginScript ○ http://nginx.org/en/docs/njs_about.html ○ https://www.nginx.com/blog/introduction-nginscript/ “Lua is a powerful scripting language. It, however, remains fairly niche in terms of adoption and is not typically found in the “skillset toolbox” of the frontend developer or DevOps engineer. The goal of nginScript is to provide programmatic configuration solutions to the widest possible community by using a popular programming language.” 

ngx_conf_syntax ● ngx_conf is a DSL (Domain Specific Language) ○ Blocks ■ main ● event ● http ● mail ○ Directives ○ `if` ■ Directive ■ Not a condition ■ If Is Evil https://www.nginx.com/resources/wiki/start/topics/depth/ifisevil/ 

ngx_conf_args ● Flag: on/off ● Str ● Str Array ● Keyval Array ● Num ● Size/Off: 1G 100M ● Msec/Sec ● Bufs ● Enum ● Bitmask ● Access ● Path 

ngx_conf_vars ● $arg_ ● $cookie_ ● $uri ● ... ● http://nginx.org/en/docs/varindex.html 

ngx_module 

core/ngx_module.h struct ngx_module_s { char *name; ... ngx_command_t *commands; ngx_uint_t type; ... ngx_int_t (*init_master)(ngx_log_t *log); ngx_int_t (*init_module)(ngx_cycle_t *cycle); ngx_int_t (*init_process)(ngx_cycle_t *cycle); ngx_int_t (*init_thread)(ngx_cycle_t *cycle); void (*exit_thread)(ngx_cycle_t *cycle); void (*exit_process)(ngx_cycle_t *cycle); void (*exit_master)(ngx_cycle_t *cycle); ... } ngx_module 

ngx_module ● Core ● Event ● Http ● Mail ● Stream 

ngx_command core/ngx_conf_file.h struct ngx_command_s { ngx_str_t name; ngx_uint_t type; char *(*set)(ngx_conf_t *cf, ngx_command_t *cmd, void *conf); ngx_uint_t conf; ngx_uint_t offset; void *post; }; core/ngx_core.h typedef struct ngx_command_s ngx_command_t; 

ngx_http_module 

ngx_http_module http/ngx_http.c ngx_module_t ngx_http_module = { NGX_MODULE_V1, &ngx_http_module_ctx, /* module context */ ngx_http_commands, /* module directives */ NGX_CORE_MODULE, /* module type */ NULL, /* init master */ NULL, /* init module */ NULL, /* init process */ NULL, /* init thread */ NULL, /* exit thread */ NULL, /* exit process */ NULL, /* exit master */ NGX_MODULE_V1_PADDING }; 

ngx_http_module http/ngx_http.c static ngx_command_t ngx_http_commands[] = { { ngx_string("http"), NGX_MAIN_CONF|NGX_CONF_BLOCK|NGX_CONF_NOARGS, ngx_http_block, 0, 0, NULL }, ngx_null_command }; 

ngx_http_module http/ngx_http_config.h typedef struct { ngx_int_t (*preconfiguration)(ngx_conf_t *cf); ngx_int_t (*postconfiguration)(ngx_conf_t *cf); void *(*create_main_conf)(ngx_conf_t *cf); char *(*init_main_conf)(ngx_conf_t *cf, void *conf); void *(*create_srv_conf)(ngx_conf_t *cf); char *(*merge_srv_conf)(ngx_conf_t *cf, void *prev, void *conf); void *(*create_loc_conf)(ngx_conf_t *cf); char *(*merge_loc_conf)(ngx_conf_t *cf, void *prev, void *conf); } ngx_http_module_t; 

ngx_http_rewrite_module http/modules/ngx_http_rewrite_module.c static ngx_http_module_t ngx_http_rewrite_module_ctx = { NULL, /* preconfiguration */ ngx_http_rewrite_init, /* postconfiguration */ NULL, /* create main configuration */ NULL, /* init main configuration */ NULL, /* create server configuration */ NULL, /* merge server configuration */ ngx_http_rewrite_create_loc_conf, /* create location configuration */ ngx_http_rewrite_merge_loc_conf /* merge location configuration */ }; 

ngx_http_rewrite_module http/modules/ngx_http_rewrite_module.c { ngx_string("if"), NGX_HTTP_SRV_CONF|NGX_HTTP_LOC_CONF|NGX_CONF_BLOCK|NGX_CONF_1MORE, ngx_http_rewrite_if, NGX_HTTP_LOC_CONF_OFFSET, 0, NULL }, 

ngx_http_rewrite_module http/modules/ngx_http_rewrite_module.c static char * ngx_http_rewrite_if(ngx_conf_t *cf, ngx_command_t *cmd, void *conf) { ngx_http_rewrite_loc_conf_t *lcf = conf; ... 

ngx_reference 

ngx_reference 1. https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/ws-nginx/all/all 2. NGINX 事件驱动机制 3. http://nginx.org/en/docs/njs_about.html 4. Why does one NGINX worker take all the load? 5. http://andremouche.github.io/nginx/nginx-internal-basic-architecture.html 

ngx_thank_you