Higher level abstraction/orchestration with Crossplane and Open Application Model 

Name: mita Role: Infrastructure Engineer Interest: - Improving Operator Experience - Cloud Native - KRM Ecosystems - Kubernetes Operators - Observability - Chaos Engineering - Infrastructure as Code 

Cognitive load ೝ஌ෛՙ 🤯 

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🤯 ֶश଎౓ < ֶͿίτ͕ ૿͑Δ଎౓ Computer Science, Programming Languages, Frameworks, Cloud Native, Observability, Container, Container Security, Cloud, Edge, IaC, Machine Learning, DevOps, Chaos Engineering, Service Mesh, WASM and eBPF, etc… 

🤯 ֶश଎౓ < ֶͿίτ͕ ૿͑Δ଎౓ ͋͋͋͋͋͋͋͋͋͋͋ ೝ஌ෛՙߴ͗͢ Computer Science, Programming Languages, Frameworks, Cloud Native, Observability, Container, Container Security, Cloud, Edge, IaC, Machine Learning, DevOps, Chaos Engineering, Service Mesh, WASM and eBPF, etc… 

Kubernetes ecosystem 

# of App developed 

Higher level abstraction/orchestration with Crossplane and Open Application Model ʹͯೝ஌ෛՙΛԼ͛ຊ࣭తͳ࡞ۀʹ஫ྗ͍ͨ͠ 

Cloud Native and Kubernetes 

What’s Kubernetes 

What’s Kubernetes 

Kubernetes’s true power[1] KRM[2]͸ίϯςφઐ༻Ͱ͸ͳ ͍ CRDΛϑϨʔϜϫʔΫͱͯ͠༻ ͍Δ͜ͱͰKRM APIΛ֦ுՄೳ KRMΛඪ४తͳσʔλϞσϧ ͱͯ͠ѻ͏ΤίγεςϜ͕୆಄ 

KRM ecosystem[3] KRM(Kubernetes Resource Model) Tool A Tool B Tool C Tool D Controller A Controller B Controller C Controller D Tool A Tool B Tool C Tool D API 1 API 2 API 3 API 4 Kubernetes API API Call Interoperable Ecosystem with KRM Tightly coupled system 🤔 😊 

Abstraction ந৅Խ 

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Software, Orchestrator Alphabet, Character Food Bird, Creatures 

Software, Orchestrator Alphabet, Character Food Bird, Creatures Pattern and Abstraction 

Software, Orchestrator Alphabet, Character Food Bird, Creatures Pattern and Abstraction “ਓ͸ύλʔϯԽ͢ΔຊೳΛ͍࣋ͬͯΔ” ιϑτ΢ΣΞͷྺ࢙΋ྫ֎Ͱ͸ͳ͍ 

History of Software ≒ Abstraction[4] “ιϑτ΢ΣΞͷྺ࢙͸ɺ ͻͱͭͷந৅ͷ্ʹ͞Βʹ࣍ͷந৅Λ ॏͶ͍ͯ͘͜ͱͩͬͨ” 

Separation of Concerns ؔ৺ͷ෼཭ 

Έͳ͞Μ͸ԿͷΤϯδχΞͰ͔͢ʁ ಥવͰ͕͢… 

XXXX Engineers ͕ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷ։ൃΛߦ͍ɺΞϓϦͷӡ༻্ͷಛੑΛఆٛ͢Δ ͕ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷӡ༻ཁ݅Λຬͨ͢Α͏ͳΠϯϑϥΛબఆ͠؀ڥͷ؅ཧ౳Λߦ͏ ͕ΦϯϓϨɺΫϥ΢υɺΤοδɺKubernetesͳͲΠϯϑϥ෦෼ͷఏڙͱ؅ཧΛߦ͏ ? ? ? ? ? ? 

XXXX Engineers ͕ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷ։ൃΛߦ͍ɺΞϓϦͷӡ༻্ͷಛੑΛఆٛ͢Δ ͕ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷӡ༻ཁ݅Λຬͨ͢Α͏ͳΠϯϑϥΛબఆ͠؀ڥͷ؅ཧ౳Λߦ͏ ͕ΦϯϓϨɺΫϥ΢υɺΤοδɺKubernetesͳͲΠϯϑϥ෦෼ͷఏڙͱ؅ཧΛߦ͏ Application Dev Application Ops Infrastructure Ops Application Dev Application Ops Infrastructure Ops 

શ෦Զ ͕ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷ։ൃΛߦ͍ɺΞϓϦͷӡ༻্ͷಛੑΛఆٛ͢Δ ͕ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷӡ༻ཁ݅Λຬͨ͢Α͏ͳΠϯϑϥΛબఆ͠؀ڥͷ؅ཧ౳Λߦ͏ ͕ΦϯϓϨɺΫϥ΢υɺΤοδɺKubernetesͳͲΠϯϑϥ෦෼ͷఏڙͱ؅ཧΛߦ͏ Զ Զ Զ Զ Զ Զ 

Platform Model for Separation of Concerns • DevOpsΛεέʔϧͤ͞ΔͨΊͷΞϓϩʔνͱͯ͠ɺ
 ”The 2020 State of DevOps Report “[5]ʹͯ঺հ͞Ε͍ͯΔ • Platform Model: ։ൃνʔϜ޲͚ʹɺΠϯϑϥ΍؀ڥͷ੔උɺσϓϩΠϝ ϯτύΠϓϥΠϯͳͲΛ༻ҙ͢ΔPlatform teamΛ༻ҙ͢Δ͜ͱͰΞϓϦ ։ൃΛՃ଎ͤͨ͞Γɺؔ৺ͷ෼཭Λߦ͑Δ • େ͖͘੒௕͍ͯ͠Δاۀͷଟ͘͸ɺ૊৫಺PlatformΛ׆༻͍ͯ͠Δ 

Summary of Background • Ϋϥ΢υΑΓߴ࣍ϨΠϠʹ͓͚Δந৅Խ: Crossplane • ΞϓϦͷந৅Խͱؔ৺ͷ෼཭: OAM(Open Application Model) Ϋϥ΢υωΠςΟϒͷจ຺Ͱࠓޙ·͢·͢γεςϜ͕ߴ౓Խ͍ͯͨ͘͠Ίɺ ந৅Խ΍ؔ৺ͷ෼཭Λߦ͏͜ͱͰೝ஌ෛՙΛԼ͍͛ͨ 

Crossplane 

Crossplane is an Orchestration & Management tool for what? 

Orchestrate any infrastructure 

Build your own platform with providers 

Crossplane • Launched in Dec 2018, by the creators of Rook
 (CNCF graduated project) released v1.0 in Dec 2020. 🎉 • Open source & Open governance with CNCF • Based on Kubernetes control plane • 3 main feature areas ◦ Provision infrastructure declaratively using the Kubernetes API ◦ O ff er your own declarative infrastructure APIs for teams to use ◦ Run and deploy applications alongside infrastructure 
 • 

Crossplane fl ow AWS Azure GCP Cloud/Service Providers provider-aws Any providers Custom Resource/ Composite Resource api-server 3. Reconcile through AWS API provider-gcp provider-azure 2. watch desired states 1. Apply manifests Kubernetes 

Crossplane Demo 1: Manage RDS through k8s API 

Manage RDS through k8s API AWS Azure GCP Cloud/Service Providers provider-aws Any providers Custom Resource/ Composite Resource api-server 3. Reconcile through AWS API provider-gcp provider-azure 2. watch desired states 1. Apply manifests Kubernetes 

Demo Session σϞ͢ΔΑ 

Crossplane Demo 2: Interoperability of KRM 

Interoperability of KRM KRM(Kubernetes Resource Model) kubectl provider- aws provider- gcp provider- azure Crossplane Kubernetes API Interoperable Ecosystem with KRM 😊 Terraform Kubernetes provider for Terraform(Alpha) 

Interoperability of KRM AWS Azure GCP Cloud/Service Providers provider-aws Any providers api-server 3. Reconcile through AWS API provider-gcp provider-azure 2. watch desired states Kubernetes Terraform Kubernetes provider for Terraform(Alpha) 1.3. Apply manifests 1.1. Apply manifests
 written in HCL 1.2. Convert HCL to KRM 

Demo Session σϞ͢ΔΑ 

Crossplane Components 
 and Architecture[6] ※࣌ؒͷ౎߹্εΩοϓ 

OAM (Open Application Model) 

OAM: Platform agnostic application model • ʮΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ͕ͲͷϓϥοτϑΥʔϜʹσϓϩΠ͞ΕΔ͔
 Λҙࣝ͠ͳͯ͘Α͍ʯΞϓϦέʔγϣϯϞσϧ • MicrosoftͱAlibaba Cloud͕2019೥ʹOpen Web Foundation഑ԼͰൃද[8] • ݱঢ়ɺv0.1ͱv0.2ͱ͍͏ҟͳΔspec͕ଘࡏ • v0.2͔ΒKRMʹରԠ[7] • ΞϓϦ։ൃऀɺΞϓϦӡ༻ऀɺΠϯϑϥӡ༻ऀͷ໾ׂΛ໌֬ʹ෼཭ 🎉 

OAM Implementations • Rudr: Implementation of OAM spec v0.1.0(previously named v1.0.0-alpha1 release) • Kubevera: Implementation of OAM spec v.0.2.0 • EDAS(Enterprise Distributed Application Service) 

Separation of Concerns Providing Applications and describing Operational Characteristics Traf fi c Mgmt, Deploy Policy, Auto-scaling, Identity Mgmt, Recovery… Infrastructure Capabilities: 
 On-premise? Cloud? Edge? Kubernetes? Application Dev Application Ops Infrastructure Ops 

Separation of Concerns ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯࣗମͱ ͦͷӡ༻্ͷಛੑʹؔ৺ ͲͷΑ͏ʹΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ܈͕ ӡ༻ཁ݅Λຬ͔ͨ͢ʹؔ৺ ૊৫શମͷΠϯϑϥ͕ͲͷΑ͏ʹ ؅ཧ͞ΕΔ͔ͳͲͷશମ૾ʹؔ৺ Application Dev Application Ops Infrastructure Ops 

Area of Concerns[8] 

Area of Concerns Application=Componentes Application ScopeʹΑͬͯෳ਺ ͷComponentΛάϧʔϐϯά 

Area of Concerns Πϯϑϥͷ࣋ͭಛੑΛTraitsͱ ͯ͠ఆٛ͠ParametersʹͯՄม ʹ͢Δ Traits: • Tra ffi c Mgmt • Deploy Policy • Auto-scaling • Identity Mgmt • Recovery • etc 

Area of Concerns ApplicationͱTraitsͷܨ͗ࠐΈ ΛApplication Con fi gurationʹ هࡌͯ͠ରԠ෇͚ 

How great OAM is ΞϓϦपΓͷΈʹूதͰ͖Δɻ KubernetesͳͲPlatformपΓΛ ஌Βͳͯ͘ྑ͍ Traitsͷத͔Βඞཁͳӡ༻ಛੑΛ બ୒ͯ͠ద༻Ͱ͖Δ Traits୯ҐͰӡ༻্ͷCapability ΛఆٛͰ͖Δɻ ΞϓϦपΓݟͳ͍͍ͯ͘ Application Dev Application Ops Infrastructure Ops 

How Crossplane and OAM collaborate 

Towards standard k8s app model[9] • Deploy K8s app with cloud service - entirely from k8s API 

OAM & Crossplane Composition[10] 

History of Crossplane and OAM 

History of OAM & Crossplane Microsoft and Alibaba Cloud Announce OAM v0.1 & Rudr Oct 2019[12] Microsoft and Alibaba Cloud Join Crossplane community May 2020[13] Rook creators launch Crossplane[11] Dec 2018 Rudr deprecation[14] And OAM v0.2 release Rudr’s succesor KubeVela 1.0 March 2021 Crossplane 1.0 Dec 2020 Crossplane adopt OAM at Crossplane v0.11 May 2020 🎉 🎉 🎉 

Key takeaway • CrossplaneͱOAMͷ֓ཁͱղܾ͢Δ՝୊ͷཧղ • CrossplaneʹΑͬͯɺΫϥ΢υ/αʔϏεϓϩόΠμͷҰஈ্ʹ
 ಠࣗͷந৅ԽϨΠϠ/ϓϥοτϑΥʔϜΛߏங • OAMʹΑͬͯந৅Խͱؔ৺ͷ෼཭Λߦ͏͜ͱͰPlatform ModelΛ
 ࣮ݱ͠DevOpsʹڧ͍૊৫࡞ΓΛଅਐ • Production ReadyͳCrossplaneͱOAMʹΑΔߴ࣍ͷந৅Խ͕
 KRMͷΤίγεςϜͰ࣮ݱ͞Εඪ४Խ͕ਐΉ͜ͱͷ঺հ 

Higher level abstraction/orchestration with Crossplane and Open Application Model 

3rd Crossplane Community Day Third Crossplane community day: KubeCon EU co-located event will be held in May 4, 2021[15] 2nd Crossplane Community Day[16] 

References • [1] Infrastructure as Code ――Ϋϥ΢υʹ͓͚Δαʔό؅ཧͷݪଇͱϓϥΫςΟε: https://www.oreilly.co.jp/books/ 9784873117966/ • [2] Cloud Native Ecosystemͷ੒ख़౓͔ΒݟΔ2021೥ͷಈ޲: https://qiita.com/iaoiui/items/6e1293d656735b062ed2 • [3] CNCF Cloud Native Landscape: https://landscape.cncf.io • [4] Crossplane: https://crossplane.io • [5] https://puppet.com/resources/report/2020-state-of-devops-report/ • [6] https://zenn.dev/iaoiui/articles/fd8417b9fba25ad29e8f • [7] https://github.com/oam-dev/spec/blob/master/SPEC.md#versioning • [8] https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/resources/videos/ignite-2019-mark-russinovich-presents-the-future-of-cloud- native-applications-with-oam-and-dapr/ 

References • [9] https://sched.co/ZelS • [10] https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1PxZweRpB6HElxd9qGK1McboGZ1kluCDCS5qxgYnX5f0/ edit#slide=id.g536db6d9f2_0_86 • [11] Crossplane CNCF Project Overview: https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/ 1PxZweRpB6HElxd9qGK1McboGZ1kluCDCS5qxgYnX5f0/edit#slide=id.g9303db1085_1_55 • [12] https://cloudblogs.microsoft.com/opensource/2019/10/16/announcing-open-application-model/ • [13]https://blog.crossplane.io/welcome-microsoft-and-alibaba-to-the-crossplane-community/ • [14]https://github.com/oam-dev/rudr/issues/559 • [15]Crossplane community day 2020: https://events.crossplane.io/crossplane-community-day-modernizing-with-api-centric- control-plane-post • [16]Crossplane community day 2021: https://events.linuxfoundation.org/crossplane-community-day-europe/ 

References • https://github.com/kubernetes/community/blob/master/contributors/design-proposals/architecture/ resource-management.md • Growth and Design Patterns in the KRM API Ecosystem: https://static.sched.com/hosted_ fi les/ kccncna19/5e/eric-tune-kcon-slides- fi nal.pdf • Kubevela: https://github.com/oam-dev/kubevela • https://static.sched.com/hosted_ fi les/kccncna19/5e/eric-tune-kcon-slides- fi nal.pdf • Kubernetes as a Framework for Control Planes featuring Brian Grant, Google: https://blog.upbound.io/how-the- kubernetes-resource-model-enables-con fi guration-as-data/