オブジェクトのおしゃべり大失敗メッセージングアンチパターン集 / messaging anti-pattern collection

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ZUBLF ΦϒδΣΫτͷ͓͠Ό΂Γେࣦഊ ϝοηʔδϯάΞϯνύλʔϯू

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QSP fi MF • ஛ᖒ༗وBLBZUBLF • ઍגࣜձࣾ$50ٕज़ސ໰ωοτϓϩςΫγϣϯζ΄͔ • (P4DBMB • ΞΫλʔϞσϧେ޷͖ • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεΞʔΩςΫνϟɾϦΞΫςΟϒγεςϜɺ ϨΨγʔվળ΍43&%3&ɺ֤छϞσϦϯάͷࢧԉͳͲ • 9IUUQTUXJUUFSDPNFY@UBLF[BXB

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.FTTBHF1BTTJOH • ೔ৗతͳ΋ͷ • ଞΦϒδΣΫτʹґཔ • ϝιουݺͼग़͠ͳͲ

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import ( "fmt" ) type MyStruct struct { value string } func (m *MyStruct) SetValue(val string) { m.value = val } func (m *MyStruct) Display() { m.AnotherMethod(m.value) } func (m *MyStruct) AnotherMethod() { fmt.Println(m.value) } func main() { myInstance := MyStruct{} myInstance.SetValue("Hello, Go!") myInstance.Display() }

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ΦϒδΣΫτΛ఻೻͍ͤͨ͞

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͔͠͠ɾɾ

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ආ͚ͳ͚Ε͹͍͚ͳ͍͜ͱ • ྑ͍ͱࢥͬͯ࠾༻ͨ͠΋ͷ͕ɺ݁Ռ࠷ѱʹ • γεςϜ΍ઃܭʹΑͬͯϝοηʔδͷೝࣝΛม͑Δ • ϝοηʔδʹ͍ͭͯཧղΛਂΊΔ

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ૣ଎পʹೖΓࠐΉγεςϜΛ࡞Γ·͠ΐ͏

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ඇಉظॲཧʁ -BNCEB &4$234ʁ

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Ұൠతͳσʔλऔಘ

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ΠϕϯτQVCMJTI

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ϝοηʔδϒϩʔΧʔ΁

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Πϕϯτ͕τϦΨʔͰอଘ

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(PPE*EFBʁ

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݁Ռ੔߹ੑ

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݁Ռ੔߹ੑ ೖۚԁΠϕϯτ

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݁Ռ੔߹ੑ ग़ۚԁΠϕϯτ

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݁Ռ੔߹ੑ ࢒ߴԁ

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݁Ռ੔߹ੑ ࢒ߴԁ

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݁Ռ੔߹ੑ σʔλϕʔε͕̌ԁͳͷͰ ग़ۚෆՄ

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ຊ౰ʹ͏·͍͘͘ͷ͔ʁ • શ͕ͯॱ൪௨Γʹಈ͘৔߹͸͏·͍͘͘ • ॲཧ͕ελοΫ͍ͯͨ͠Βʁ • લͷঢ়ଶΛࢀরͯ͠͠·͏ • ͭ·Γԁଟ͘ग़ۚͰ͖ͯ͠·͏

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ႈ౳ੑ

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ႈ౳ੑ ೖۚԁΠϕϯτ

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ႈ౳ੑ ೖۚԁ ճ഑৴͞ΕΔ͜ͱ΋ Ͳ͏΍ͬͯႈ౳ੑΛ୲อ͢Δ͔

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΋ͬͱෳࡶԽͤ͞·͠ΐ͏

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ॱ൪ • Ϩʔϯ͕2VFVF • Ұਓͣͭձܭॲཧ

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1BSUJUJPO

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1BSUJUJPO ͏·͍͘͘ʂ

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3PVOE3PCJO ͱॱʹׂΓ౰ͯ

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3PVOE3PCJO ͢΂ͯͷॲཧ͕ ಉ͡ॲཧ࣌ؒͱ͸ݶΒͳ͍ ग़͕ۚઌʹಈ͘͜ͱ΋

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ॱ൪ • Ͳ͕ͬͪૣ͘ऴΘΔ͔ • ෼ࢄͨ͠ͱ͖͸ૢ࡞ෆՄ

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ॱ൪ • ૹ৴͸ਖ਼͘͠ૹ͍ͬͯΔͭ΋Γͷঢ়ଶ • Կ΋ߟ͑ͣʹ෼ࢄ͢Δͱ ݱࡏաڈະདྷ͕ೖΕସΘΔ • 1BSUJUJPO,FZɺ$POTJTUFOU)BTIɺHSPVQJE ͳͲͰվળͰ͖͔ͨ΋͠Εͳ͍

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1SPDFTT.BOBHFS͕ඞཁͩͬͨʁ • ঢ়ଶ؅ཧ͕ඞཁʹ • ͔͠͠ɺ͢Ͱʹॲཧ͕ऴΘͬͯ͠·ͬͨਓ͸ɾɾʁ • αϙʔτରԠɺσʔλύονɺ؅ཧ༻ͷετϦʔϜFUD • 4QBSL౳ͰͰ͔͍ετϦʔϜʹɾɾʁ

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ΑΓෳࡶͰɺΑΓ೉͘͠ ΑΓপʹ

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Ͱ͖ͨͷ͸&WFOU4PVSDJOHͰ͸ͳ͘ɺ &WFOU4USFBNJOHͩͬͨ

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ϝοηʔδύογϯά • վΊͯɺ৘ใͷ΍ΓͱΓͱҙࣝ͢Δ • ૬खʹҕͶΔ͚ͩͰͳ͘ɺ ਖ਼͍͠৘ใΛ఻͑ͯґཔ͢Δ • ΑΓਓؒతʹ

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&WFOU4PVSDJOH ίϚϯυൃߦ

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&WFOU4PVSDJOH γʔέϯεͰΠϕϯτΛอ؅

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&WFOU4PVSDJOH ཤྺΛద༻ͯ͠ݱࡏͷঢ়ଶʹ

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&WFOU4PVSDJOH ϝοηʔδϯά ϓϥοτϑΥʔϜͰ͸ͳ͍

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$3&"5&5"#-&KPVSOBMT JE7"3$)"3 /05/6-- QBZMPBE+40/#/05/6-- TFRVFODF@OVNCFS#*(*/5 BDUPS@OBNF7"3$)"3 DSFBUFE@BU5*.&45".18*5)5*.&;0/&%&'"6-5$633&/5@5*.&45".1 13*."3:,&: JE 6/*26& JE 6/*26& BDUPS@OBNF TFRVFODF@OVNCFS

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ग़యIUUQTXXXFWFOUTUPSFDPNFWFOUTPVSDJOH

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ΠϕϯτετΞ • +40/Ͱ΋ͳΜͰ΋ྑ͍ • Ұ؏ੑͷอূ • ΠϕϯτͷอଘͷͨΊͷσʔλϕʔε

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ָ؍ϩοΫ

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ָ؍ϩοΫ

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ָ؍ϩοΫ

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ָ؍ϩοΫɾ൵؍ϩοΫ • 4UBUF.BDIJOFͳͲͱ૊Έ߹ΘͤΔ • -PTU6QEBUF΁ͷରࡦͷҰͭ • ίϯηϯαεΞϧΰϦζϜ͕ඞཁͳέʔε΋

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ͭ·Γ ผ෺Λ࡞ͬͯ͠·ͬͨ

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͍ΖΜͳͱ͜Ζʹໃ६͕ɾɾ

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͔͠͠σʔλͷసૹ͚ͩ͸͏·͘Ͱ͖Δ • ϝοηʔδϯάϓϥοτϑΥʔϜʹ,BGLBͳͲΛબ୒ • σʔλͷసૹ͸ૉ੖Β͘͠͏·͘Ͱ͖Δ • ෼ࢄͰ͖ΔͨΊɺߴՄ༻ੑͰߴ͍଱ٱੑ • ਖ਼͘͠ॲཧ͢Δʹ͸UPQJDΛ̍ͭʹɾɾ

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͖Ε͍ͳΞʔΩςΫνϟʁ • ΦχΦϯΞʔΩςΫνϟɺϔΩαΰφϧΞʔΩςΫνϟΛ ࠾༻͍ͯͯ͠΋Կ͕ى͖͍ͯΔͷ͔Θ͔Βͳ͍ • ϝοηʔδύογϯά͸͏·͘Ͱ͖͍ͯΔ͸ͣͩ • $%$ซ༻Ͱվળ͕Ͱ͖·͢

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$%$ͳͲΛબ୒ͤͣʹɺ ΑΓਂΈʹ

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ηϚϯςΟΫε • "UNPTUPODF ϝοηʔδ͸ࣦΘΕΔՄೳੑ͕͋Γɺ࠶഑ૹ͞Εͳ͍ • "UMFBTUPODF ϝοηʔδ͕ࣦΘΕΔ͜ͱ͸ͳ͍͕ɺॏෳ͕͋Δ͔΋͠Εͳ͍ • &YBDUMZPODF ϝοηʔδ͕ࣦΘΕΔ͜ͱ͸ͳ͘ɺॏෳ΋ͳ͠

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ηϚϯςΟΫε • ௨ৗ࣮ݱՄೳͳ΋ͷ͸"UMFBTUPODF • ϝοηʔδϯάϓϥοτϑΥʔϜͰ΋ো֐͸ى͖Δ • ˋͷҰ؏ੑɺˋͷՄ༻ੑ ωοτϫʔΫ౳ʹର͢Δˋͷ଱ੑ͸Մೳͳͷ͔ʁ

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Πϕϯτ౤͛߹͍ • ॎԣແਚʹΠϕϯτΛ౤͛߹͏͜ͱʹ • ޓ͍ͷ֬ೝΛଟ਺͢ΔΑ͏ͳ࡞Γʹ • ڊେͳॲཧͰ*0͕ɾɾ • Ͳ͏΍ͬͯվળ͢Ε͹ɾɾ

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εφοϓγϣοτ • ͋Δ࣌఺ͷঢ়ଶΛอ؅ • ͢΂ͯΛ࣮ߦͤͣʹ ͦͷ࣌఺ͷ΋ͷΛ • γεςϜతʹ΋վળ͞ΕΔ • Ϗδωε͕มΘΕ͹Ҡߦ͕

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కΊॲཧ • ಛఆͷظؒΛूܭ ࣍͸͔ͦ͜Β։࢝ • աڈͷཤྺ͸ࢀর͠ͳ͍ • ਖ਼֬ʹεφοϓγϣοτ • ؒҧ͏ͱԁ͕ԁʹ

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྆ํ͕ྑ͍όϥϯεͰඞཁ

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ͦͷબ୒ࢶΛऔΒͣʹ ΋ͬͱপʹೖΓ·͠ΐ͏

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େ͖ͳ໰୊ΛҾ͖ى͜͢બ୒ • ΠϕϯτͷαΠζΛখ͘͞ • *%͚ͩૹΕ͹ɺड͚औͬͨଆͰ෼ࢄͯ͠ૣ͘ͳΔ͸ͣɾɾ

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{ "transaction_id": "1234567890", "transaction_date": "2016-01-01", "transaction_amount": 100.00, "transaction_user_id": 1, "tax_id": 11, "items": [ { "item_id": 1, "item_quantity": 1 }, { "item_id": 2, "item_quantity": 2 } ] } UBY@JEΛݩʹ໰͍߹Θͤ ͭ·Γ໰͍߹Θͤͨͱ͖ͷ΋ͷʹ OXJUIঢ়ଶ෮ݩ͕೉͍͠

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{ "transaction_id": "1234567890", "transaction_date": "2016-01-01", "transaction_amount": 100.00, "transaction_user_id": 1, "tax_id": 11, "items": [ { "item_id": 1, "item_quantity": 1 }, { "item_id": 2, "item_quantity": 2 } ] } ΞΠςϜ͝ͱͷՁ͕֨ɺ ͦͷ࣌ͷ࠷৽৘ใʹ ೥ޙ΋ಉ͡஋Ͱ͋Δอূ͕ͳ͍

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{ "transaction_id": "1234567890", "transaction_date": "2016-01-01", "transaction_amount": 100.00, "transaction_user_id": 1, "tax_id": 11, "items": [ { "item_id": 1, "item_quantity": 1 }, { "item_id": 2, "item_quantity": 2 } ] } ੥ٻॻͷΑ͏ͳ࢓૊Έͷ৔߹ɺ Ϣʔβʔ໊͕มΘΔͱաڈͷ΋ͷ΋ มߋ͞ΕΔ͜ͱΛҙຯ͍ͯ͠·͢ ͭ·Γ෮ݩෆՄ

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ঢ়ଶΛ࣋ͨͳ͍Πϕϯτ • ϚςϦΞϥΠζυɾϏϡʔԽ • ૹͬͨͦͷॠؒ͸ҙຯ͕͋Δ • ͦͷॠؒҎ֎͸෮ݩෆՄೳʹ

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͜ΕͰεφοϓγϣοτ͸ ҙຯΛ࣋ͨͳ͘ͳΓ·ͨ͠

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͞Βʹେ͖ͳ໰୊ΛҾ͖ى͜͢બ୒ • ڊେͳΠϕϯτͷॲཧΛૣ͍ͨ͘͠ • ͦͷͨΊʹ͸খ͞ͳΠϕϯτʹ෼ղͩʂ • ू໿΍ΤϯςΟςΟΛແࢹͨ͠Πϕϯτʹ͠Α͏ʂ

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υϝΠϯͷΠϕϯτΛදݱ

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υϝΠϯͷΠϕϯτͷදݱ͕ *0ͷݪҼͩͱଊ͑ɺ σʔλϕʔεͷ$36%ͷΑ͏ʹ

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$36%ʹ͢Δͱɾɾʁ • Πϕϯτ͕υϝΠϯͱ੾Γ཭͞Εͨ • ͨͩͷσʔλૢ࡞ʹͳͬͨͨΊɺ௥͏͜ͱ͕ΑΓ೉͘͠ • Կ͕ى͖ͨͷ͔Θ͔Βͳ͘ͳͬͨ

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$36%Λ΋ͬͱখ͘͢͞Δͱɾɾʁ • ߲໨͝ͱͷߋ৽Λѻ͏ • ΠϕϯτΛߪಡ͍ͯ͠Δ͢΂ͯͷॲཧʹ೾ٴ • ͜ΕͰେ͖ͳΠϕϯτ͸׬શʹখ͘͞ͳΓ·ͨ͠ɹ͕ɾɾ

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ϝοηʔδύογϯάΛཧղ͠Α͏ • ਖ਼͍͠બ୒ͷ͸͕ͣɺ͢΂ͯӕʹ • ୯७ͳϝιουίʔϧɺ୯७ͳεϧʔϓοτվળͰ͸ͳ͍ • બ୒Λؒҧ͑Δͱ࠷ѱͷ݁Ռʹ

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͍͞͝ʹ • ݸผ࠷దͷΑ͏ͳ໰୊ղܾΞϓϩʔν͸औΒͳ͍ • ू໿ͷઃܭΛ • ৘ใ఻ୡʹؔ͢Δઃܭʹ΋޲͖߹͍·͠ΐ͏