20 April 2019, Tbilisi, Georgia Complex Post-Trade Systems: Requirements Traceability and the Illusion of Control Luba Konnova, QA Project Manager, Exactpro Artem Berko, QA Analyst, Exactpro

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20 April 2019, Tbilisi, Georgia Software Testing of Trading Systems Trading systems have very low-latency (within hundreds of microseconds) ,... ...have significant throughput & capacity,.... …and they should be resilient, have the ability to recover from outages and have no single point of failure 3

20 April 2019, Tbilisi, Georgia Trading vs. Post-Trade 4

20 April 2019, Tbilisi, Georgia Key Technical Challenges in Delivering Large Post-Trade Initiatives Challenges: A typical clearing system has highly complex features requiring high degree of accuracy and skilled resources: 1. Reference data; 2. Risk management; 3. The schedule (explained further in the presentation). 5

20 April 2019, Tbilisi, Georgia Key Technical Challenges in Delivering Large Post-Trade Initiatives (continued) ● The number of components of complex post trade infrastructures is very high; ● Upstream and downstream systems dependency; ● The participant structure is very complex; ● Trade/Xfer/Position/Account life cycle; ● The number of Asset Classes may vary; ● The complexity of the Risk calculation process; ● Access via a set of API endpoints. The challenges and their parameterizations lead to a significant number of test scenarios. 6

20 April 2019, Tbilisi, Georgia Complex Post-Trade System During Replacement Process 7

20 April 2019, Tbilisi, Georgia Congruence bias Confirmation bias Law of triviality Zero-risk bias Anthropocentric thinking Illusion of control Cognitive Biases Affecting Software Testing 8

20 April 2019, Tbilisi, Georgia Salman, I. (2016). Cognitive biases in software quality and testing. Proceedings of the 38th International Conference on Software Engineering Companion - ICSE ’16. Pp. 823-826. 9

20 April 2019, Tbilisi, Georgia Mohanani, R., Salman, I., Turhan, B., Rodríguez, P., & Ralph, P. (2018). Cognitive Biases in Software Engineering: A Systematic Mapping Study. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering 10

20 April 2019, Tbilisi, Georgia Congruence Bias Direct Testing Indirect Testing Indirect Testing 11

20 April 2019, Tbilisi, Georgia Indirect Testing Methods Information extraction and Machine learning End-to-End Automated Test Library Whatever it takes! Test execution data and log analysis Passive Testing Whatever it takes! 12

20 April 2019, Tbilisi, Georgia Anthropocentric bias We should not humanize computers. 13

20 April 2019, Tbilisi, Georgia Anthropocentric bias They dislike it a lot! 14

20 April 2019, Tbilisi, Georgia Anthropocentric Bias: Testing Mine-Defusing Robot 15

20 April 2019, Tbilisi, Georgia Anthropocentric Bias: Why We Treat Robots like Humans Darling, Kate and Nandy, Palash and Breazeal, Cynthia “Empathic Concern and the Effect of Stories in Human-Robot Interaction” (2015). Proceedings of the IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Communication (ROMAN), 2015. 6 p. https://www.ted.com/talks/kate_darling_why_we_h ave_an_emotional_connection_to_robots 16

20 April 2019, Tbilisi, Georgia Anthropocentric Bias and Software Testing 17

20 April 2019, Tbilisi, Georgia Ruthless and Cold-Hearted 18

20 April 2019, Tbilisi, Georgia ClearTH - An Innovative Way to Test Post-Trade Systems 19

20 April 2019, Tbilisi, Georgia Law of Triviality (Bike-Shed Effect) 20

20 April 2019, Tbilisi, Georgia What is the Difference Between a Problem and a Catastrophe 21

20 April 2019, Tbilisi, Georgia Zero-Risk Bias 22

20 April 2019, Tbilisi, Georgia Test Management Systems and Requirements Traceability 23

20 April 2019, Tbilisi, Georgia Illusion of Control and Happiness Sherman, G. D., Lee, J. J., Cuddy, A. J. C., Renshon, J., Oveis, C., Gross, J. J., & Lerner, J. S. (2012). Leadership is associated with lower levels of stress. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109(44), 17903–17907. 24

20 April 2019, Tbilisi, Georgia Fenton-O’Creevy, M., Nicholson, N., Soane, E., & Willman, P. (2003). “Trading on illusions: Unrealistic perceptions of control and trading performance”. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 76(1), 53–68. Illusion of Control and Performance 25

20 April 2019, Tbilisi, Georgia Software testing is relentless learning, continuous improvement and keeping abreast of cutting-edge technologies. The research and development team at Exactpro uses machine learning methods of intellectual data analysis to create next- generation program analysis tools. We work in an agile environment collaborating with a multinational team of software developers. R&D Case Study: Test Database for Machine Learning 26

20 April 2019, Tbilisi, Georgia EXTENT - Software Testing and Trading Technology Trends September 17, 2019 Leadenhall Building, London Join us in discussing the newest fintech trends and solutions to the challenges in mission-critical trading and post trade systems! 27

20 April 2019, Tbilisi, Georgia EXTENT - Software Testing and Trading Technology Trends September 17 Leadenhall Building, London, 2019 Join us in discussing the newest fintech trends and solutions to the challenges in mission-critical trading and post trade systems! 28

20 April 2019, Tbilisi, Georgia Thank you! Questions? 29