Pivotal Cloud Foundry A Developer’s Perspective 

Cloud Computing 

What is Cloud Foundry? • Cloud Foundry is a open source PaaS software. • Cloud Foundry is a platform for developing and running cloud applications. • 12 Factor Apps (http://12factor.net) 

What is Cloud Foundry? • Works with many languages and frameworks. • A platform that allows you to automatically provision resources. • Enables continuous integration/ continuous delivery. • Allows you to focus on writing cloud native applications. 

Languages Supported • Java - Grails, Play, Spring, or any other JVM-based language or framework • Ruby - JRuby, Rack, Rails, or Sinatra • Node.js - Node or JavaScript • Binary • Go • PHP - Cake, Symfony, Zend, Nginx, or HTTPD • Python - Django or Flask • Staticfile - HTML, CSS, JavaScript, or Nginx 

What is Pivotal Cloud Foundry? • Pivotal Cloud Foundry is a reference implementation of Cloud Foundry for the enterprise. • Open source software provides the basis for the Pivotal Cloud Foundry platform. • Pivotal offers additional commercial features, enterprise services, support, docs, certs, etc. 

Cloud Foundry vs PCF • PCF is easier to install • Has nicer web GUI. • Additional features like auto-scaling, LDAP/AD (SAML) support, metrics server, notifications, Ops Metrics. • Many of the services come installed by default (MongoDB, Neo4J, RabbitMQ, Redis, etc). vs 

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Pivotal Web Services (PWS) • Hosted version of PCF. • Exactly the same user experience / features. • Register for a free trial account. • http://run.pivotal.io • (Recommend using Chrome) 

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Organization Spaces Logical way of organising users and resources 

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Using PCF • Mainly interface using the Command Line Interface (CLI) • Download the CF CLI here: https://console.run.pivotal.io/2/tools • Alternative download: https://github.com/cloudfoundry/ cli#downloads 

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Installation (Windows) • Unzip and copy cf to C:\windows • Add the following environment variables: • CF_HOME=C:\Users\\ • https_proxy=http:// :@proxy.singaporepower.com.sg:8080 • Example: • CF_HOME=C:\Users\PMCC749I\ • https_proxy=http://PMCC749I:[email protected]:8080 

Login to PWS • Start Terminal ( + R, type ‘cmd’) • cf -v (gets version) • cf help (gets list of commands) • cf help • cf login -a api.run.pivotal.io • cf target (find out which server) • You will be prompted for your Email and Password. 

Create a PHP App • cd \Users\\ • mkdir demo • cd demo • notepad index.php 

Publish App • cf push • eg. cf push sp-miccheng-demo1 • Visit the website: http://.cfapps.io • eg. http://sp-miccheng-demo1.cfapps.io 

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What happens when you cf push? 1. Files in folder / local build artefacts are uploaded to CF (PWS). 2. Auto detection of type of apps you are deploying, appropriate buildpack is installed and a “droplet” (Cloud Foundry unit of execution) is build. 3. Droplet build in a staging area and stored in blob store. 4. Droplet is deployed to droplet execution agent and application is started (route is allotted). 

Buildpacks • Buildpacks are used to detect the type of application you are deploying. • It sets up the the proper execution environment on Cloud Foundry. • Only used during the build / staging time - not in the running app. • See available buildpacks: cf buildpacks 

Hostname & Domains • All CF apps use a shared domain by default (eg. cfapps.io). • When we deploy an app, we also declare a hostname (eg. sp- miccheng-demo1). • The combo and hostname + domain = route • Hostname can be configured in CLI or manifest.yml. • You can also add custom routes manually to apps. 

Application Start Command • Each buildpack has a default command to start your application. • To override default start command: • cf push my-app -c “node server.js” • To reset to the buildpack start command: • cf push my-app -c “null” 

Deployment Manifest • Application manifests tell cf push what to do with applications. • This includes everything from how many instances to create and how much memory to allocate to what services applications should use. • YAML format. • Online Generator: http://cfmanigen.mybluemix.net 

Scaling a CF app • Horizontal scaling - adding more instanced • cf scale -i • Vertical scaling - adjust disk space limit and memory limit • cf scale -k 512M • cf scale -m 1G 

Scaling Horizontally • cf push • cf scale -i 2 

Environment Variables • Application configurations as environment variables. • How CF runtime communicates with a deployed app about the environment. • cf env • Use the manifest file to add environments. • You can also set using CLI: cf set-env OMG “oh my god” 

Using Services • View what kinds of services are available • cf marketplace • Creating a service instance • cf create-service • Example: cf create-service elephantsql turtle miccheng-db 

Using Services • See created services: cf services • See details of a service: cf service • Bind service instance to app instances: • cf bind-service • This will add env variables to the app instances. 

Logs / Events • Tailing logs: cf logs • Recent logs: cf logs --recent • Logs can be drained to external log aggregators (eg. PaperTrail, Splunk) • Significant System Events: cf events 

Login to app container • All apps run in a linux container (LXC) • You can SSH into the container if you need to take a look at what’s going on (eg. troubleshooting, verify file version, etc) • cf ssh -i 

Hands-On https://github.com/miccheng/rails-guestbook-demo 

More things… • User-provided services - enable developers to use services that are not available in the marketplace with their applications running on Cloud Foundry.
 (Reference: http://docs.pivotal.io/pivotalcf/1-7/devguide/services/user-provided.html) • Managed Services for Cloud Foundry - services integrated with Cloud Foundry via APIs, and enable end users to provision reserved resources and credentials on demand.
 (Reference: http://docs.pivotal.io/pivotalcf/1-7/services/index.html) 

Q&A 

Michael Cheng @CoderKungfu [email protected]