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֬཰෼෍ͷ௚ײతͳཧղͱ਺ࣜʹΑΔཧղΛ౿·͑ͯɺ౷ ܭϞσϦϯάͷϕʔεͱͳΔ࠷໬๏ʹ͍ͭͯཧղ͢Δɻ 

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֬཰෼෍ͷ௚ײతཧղΛߦ্ͬͨͰɺΑ͘༻͍ΒΕΔ֬཰෼ ෍ͷ਺ࣜʹ͍ͭͯ֬ೝ͍͖ͯ͠·͢ɻ
֬཰෼෍ͱ౷ܭϞσϦϯά

౷ܭϞσϦϯάʹ͓͚Δʮ֬཰෼෍ʯͷॏཁੑʹ͍ͭͯ؆୯ ʹ֬ೝ͠·͢ɻ
֬཰෼෍ͱ࠷໬๏

౷ܭϞσϦϯάͷจ຺ʹ͓͍ͯɺجૅͱͯ͠େ͖ͳ໾ׂΛՌͨ ͢࠷໬๏ʹ͍ͭͯ֬ೝ͍͖ͯ͠·͢ɻ 

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֬཰෼෍ͱ౷ܭϞσϦϯά

౷ܭϞσϦϯάʹ͓͚Δʮ֬཰෼෍ʯͷॏཁੑʹ͍ͭͯ؆୯ ʹ֬ೝ͠·͢ɻ
֬཰෼෍ͱ࠷໬๏

౷ܭϞσϦϯάͷจ຺ʹ͓͍ͯɺجૅͱͯ͠େ͖ͳ໾ׂΛՌͨ ͢࠷໬๏ʹ͍ͭͯ֬ೝ͍͖ͯ͠·͢ɻ 

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ࠨਤͷΑ͏ʹ࣮ߦ͢Δͱɺਖ਼ن ෼෍ͱਖ਼ن෼෍ʹै͍ͬͯΔώ ετάϥϜ͕ܗͱͯ͠͸ॏͳͬ ͍ͯΔ͜ͱ͕֬ೝͰ͖·͢ɻ
·্ͨͷਤ͸αϯϓϧ਺͕ɺ Լͷਤ͸αϯϓϧ਺͕  Ͱ͋Δɻ͜ͷΑ͏ʹαϯϓϧ͕ ଟ͍ࡍͷํ͕៉ྷʹॏͳΓ·͢ɻ 

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ͦΕͧΕɺɺ ɺ  ɺ Ͱ֬ೝΛ ߦ͍ͬͯ·͢ɻ
ͪͳΈʹNBUQMPUMJCͷQZQMPU ʹ͓͍ͯෳ਺ͷਤΛ࡞੒͢Δࡍ ͸QMUTVCQMPUΛར༻͢Δͱྑ ͍Ͱ͢ɻ͸ߦྻͷ൪໨ ͱ͍͏͜ͱΛҙຯ͍ͯ͠Δ͜ͱ ͸஌͓ͬͯ͘ͱྑ͍Ͱ͢ɻ 

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ฏۉ
М?
෼ࢄ ਖ਼ن෼෍͸࠷΋Α͘༻͍ΒΕΔ֬཰෼෍Ͱ͢ɻଟ ͘ͷ౷ܭॲཧʹ͓͍ͯਖ਼ن෼෍͕༻͍ΒΕɺ࠷খ ೋ৐๏ͳͲ΋ਖ਼ن෼෍͕ݩʹͳ͍ͬͯ·͢ɻ
ඪ४ਖ਼ن෼෍͸Yͷ৐͕Ҏ্ɺFYQͷத਎͕ ҎԼͷͨΊɺFYQ  ͕ʙͷ஋ͱͳΓ·͢ɻ࠷ େ஋͸Yͷͱ͖Ͱ͢ɻ
ʢܗΛ஌Γ͍ͨ࣌͸਺ࣈΛ୅ೖͨ͠ΓɺάϥϑΛ ඳ͍ͨΓ͢Δͱྑ͍Ͱ͢ʣ 

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ࠨਤ͸ͦΕͧΕ֬཰QΛɺɺɺ ͱͨ͠ࡍͷ෼෍Ͱ͢ɻ
·ͨɺೋ߲෼෍ʹ͓͍ͯOͱͨ͠ͷ͕ϕ ϧψʔΠ෼෍ͰɺަࠩΤϯτϩϐʔޡࠩؔ ਺ͳͲͷಋग़ͷϕʔεͱͳ͍ͬͯ·͢ɻ 

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֬཰෼෍ͷ௚ײతཧղΛߦ্ͬͨͰɺΑ͘༻͍ΒΕΔ֬཰෼ ෍ͷ਺ࣜʹ͍ͭͯ֬ೝ͍͖ͯ͠·͢ɻ
֬཰෼෍ͱ౷ܭϞσϦϯά

౷ܭϞσϦϯάʹ͓͚Δʮ֬཰෼෍ʯͷॏཁੑʹ͍ͭͯ؆୯ ʹ֬ೝ͠·͢ɻ
֬཰෼෍ͱ࠷໬๏

౷ܭϞσϦϯάͷจ຺ʹ͓͍ͯɺجૅͱͯ͠େ͖ͳ໾ׂΛՌͨ ͢࠷໬๏ʹ͍ͭͯ֬ೝ͍͖ͯ͠·͢ɻ 

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ʮ౷ܭϞσϦϯάʯ͸ԿΒ͔ͷݱ৅ʹ͍ͭ ͯͷ؍ଌ σʔλ Λݩʹɺ౷ܭతͳ஌ݟΛ ੜ͔ͯ͠ϞσϦϯά͢Δͱߟ͓͚͑ͯ͹ྑ ͍͔ͱࢥ͍·͢ɻ 

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·ͨɺ໬౓ MJLFMJIPPE ͸֬཰෼෍Λݩʹ ͨ͠ಉ࣌֬཰ͷܭࢉ͔Βಋग़Ͱ͖Δɻ
ͦͷͨΊɺʮ౷ܭϞσϦϯάʯΛཧղ͢Δ ্Ͱɺ֬཰෼෍ͱ࠷໬๏ͷཧղ͸ඇৗʹॏ ཁʹͳͬͯ͘Δɻ 

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֬཰෼෍ͷ௚ײతཧղΛߦ্ͬͨͰɺΑ͘༻͍ΒΕΔ֬཰෼ ෍ͷ਺ࣜʹ͍ͭͯ֬ೝ͍͖ͯ͠·͢ɻ
֬཰෼෍ͱ౷ܭϞσϦϯά

౷ܭϞσϦϯάʹ͓͚Δʮ֬཰෼෍ʯͷॏཁੑʹ͍ͭͯ؆୯ ʹ֬ೝ͠·͢ɻ
֬཰෼෍ͱ࠷໬๏

౷ܭϞσϦϯάͷจ຺ʹ͓͍ͯɺجૅͱͯ͠େ͖ͳ໾ׂΛՌͨ ͢࠷໬๏ʹ͍ͭͯ֬ೝ͍͖ͯ͠·͢ɻ 

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ฏۉ
М?
෼ࢄ ্هʹ͓͍ͯɺඪ४ਖ਼ن෼෍Λߟ͑Δʹ͋ͨͬͯɺ ฏۉͷύϥϝʔλЖΛɺ෼ࢄͷύϥϝʔλМ? Λͱ͓͍͍ͯ·͢ɻ
͜ͷύϥϝʔλͷ஋͕มΘΔͱάϥϑͷܗ͕มΘ Γ·͢ɻЖ͕มΘΔͱάϥϑ͕ࠨӈʹฏߦҠಈ ͠ɺМ͕มΘΔͱάϥϑͷઑΓ۩߹͕มΘΓ·͢ɻ 

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ͨͱ͑͹ ໊෼ͷςετ΋ਖ਼ن෼෍ΛԾఆ͢ Δ͜ͱͰɺฏۉͱ෼ࢄ͕Θ͔Ε͹σʔλͷཁ໿͕ ՄೳͰ͢ɻ
౷ܭϞσϦϯάʹ͓͍ͯ͜ͷΑ͏ʹগ਺ͷύϥϝʔ λͰදݱ͢ΔϞσϦϯάΛɺʮύϥϝτϦοΫϞ σϧʯͱݺΜͰ͍·͢ɻ 

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ରͯ͠ɺಉ࣌֬཰Λ
ܭࢉ͢Δɻ ᶄ֬཰෼෍ʹैͬͯ
खݩͷσʔλ͕؍ଌ
͞Εͨͱߟ͑Δɻ ᶃ֬཰෼෍ΛԾఆ͠ɺ
ύϥϝʔλͷ஋Λ
Ծஔ͖͢Δɻ ᶆσʔλʹ͍ͭͯͷ
ಉ࣌֬཰Λύϥϝʔλ
ʹ͍ͭͯߟ͑Δͱ
໬΋Β͠͞ʢ໬౓ʣɻ ᶇ໬౓Λ࠷େʹ͢Δ
ύϥϝʔλͷ஋Λ
ٻΊΔʢ࠷໬๏ʣɻ ˞
؆қԽͷͨΊɺ
М͸ʹݻఆɻ ˞
σʔλͷಠཱੑΛ
Ծఆ͢ΔͨΊɺੵ
Ͱܭࢉͯ͠ྑ͍ɻ ˞
࠷େ஋ΛٻΊΔࡍʹ͸
ର਺Λ༻͍ͯ໬౓ؔ਺Λ
ม׵͢Δͱܭࢉ͠΍͍͢ɻ 

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