Dockerを本番導入するにあたり得た知見

by Shoichiro Nagai(shnagai)

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Ո଒ͷຖ೔Λ΋ͬͱসإʹɻ +"846(ԣ඿%PDLFS $POOFIJUPJODӬҪউҰ࿠ %PDLFSΛຊ൪ಋೖ͢Δʹ͋ͨΓಘͨ஌ݟ

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ࣗݾ঺հ ӬҪউҰ࿠ @twitter shnagai Connehito inc. ΠϯϑϥΤϯδχΞ http://kobitosan.hatenablog.com/ http://qiita.com/nagais ৬ྺɿ  SIerɹɹɹɹ3೥ Ұٳɹɹɹ 7೥ ίωώτ ࠓ೥5݄͔Β

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ϚϚϦͷαʔϏε঺հ ϚϚϦ2 ϚϚΛࢧ͑Δ2"ΞϓϦ ೥ʹग़࢈ͨ͠ঁੑͷਓʹਓ͕ ձһొ࿥    ϚϚϦ ϚϚΛࢧ͑Δ8FCϝσΟΞ     ˞೥݄࣌఺  ݄ؒར༻ऀɿ໿ສਓ  ݄ؒ౤ߘ਺ɿສ݅Ҏ্  ݄ؒӾཡ਺ɿ໿ԯ17               

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ΞδΣϯμ w ίωώτͰͷ%PDLFSࣄ৘ w ΦʔέετϨʔγϣϯπʔϧͱͯ͠ͷ&$4 w %PDLFSӡ༻Ͱಘͨ஌ݟ

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ίωώτͰͷ%PDLFSࣄ৘

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ͳͥ%PDLFS w ։ൃ؀ڥͷվળͱͯ͠%PDLFSΛಋೖͯ͠੒Ռग़ͨ  ʲ։ൃ؀ڥվળͱͯ͠%PDLFSΛಋೖͨ͠࿩ʳ  IUUQUFDIDPOOFIJUPDPNFOUSZ w ຊ൪΋%PDLFSԽͨ͠Βྑͦ͞͏ w ग़དྷΔͱ͜Ζ͔Β%PDLFSΛಋೖ͍ͯ͜͠͏

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%PDLFSԽ͞Ε͍ͯΔ΋ͷ w %#εΩʔϚ؅ཧπʔϧͷ࣮ߦ؀ڥ  &$PO%PDLFSˠɹ&$4  ࣮ߦ࣌ʹҰ౓͚ͩඞཁʹͳΔͷͰίϯςφ͸࢖͍ࣺͯ w 8FCΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷεςʔδϯά؀ڥ  &$45SBWJT$*  ։ൃ؀ڥͱಉ͡%PDLFSΠϝʔδΛεςʔδϯά؀ڥʹల։

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౰ॳͷΞʔΩςΫνϟ

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ίϯςφͷ഑උɾϥΠϑαΠΫϧճ͢ͷ ݁ߏେมɻɻɻ

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w %PDLFS͸ͱͯ΋ศར w ͕ͩɺίϯςφͷϥΠϑαΠΫϧΛճ͢ͷ͸΍΍໘౗  खಈͰ΍Ζ͏ͱ͢Δͱ͜Μͳεςοϓ͕ɺɺ    ϩʔΧϧϚγϯ Ϗϧυˠ&$3QVTI   EPDLFSCVJMEUYYELSFDSBQOPSUIFBTUBNB[POBXTDPNIPHFEEMMBUFTU   BXTFDSHFUMPHJOSFHJPOBQOPSUIFBTU   EPDLFSQVTIYYELSFDSBQOPSUIFBTUBNB[POBXTDPNIPHFEEMMBUFTU  &$ &$3QVMMˠچίϯςφഁغˠίϯςφىಈ   BXTFDSHFUMPHJOSFHJPOBQOPSUIFBTU   EPDLFSQVMMYYELSFDSBQOPSUIFBTUBNB[POBXTDPNIPHFEEMMBUFTU  EPDLFSLJMMIPHFEEM  EPDLFSSNIPHFEEM  EPDLFSSVOEOBNFIPHFEEMYYELSFDSBQOPSUIFBTUBNB[POBXTDPNIPHFEEMMBUFTU  ΦʔέετϨʔγϣϯͷਏΈ

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ΦʔέετϨʔγϣϯ૚Λ  Կͱ͔͍ͨ͠

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&$4 "NB[PO&$$POUBJOFS4FSWJDF ʹ  ΦʔέετϨʔγϣϯ૚Λ೚ͤΑ͏

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w "84͕ఏڙ͍ͯ͠Δ  ϚωʔδυαʔϏεͳͷͰӡ༻͕ෆཁ  BXTίϚϯυͰૢ࡞Մೳ  &$3ͱ͍͏%PDLFSΠϝʔδͷϦϙδτϦ΋͋Δ wίϯςφͷӡ༻Λશͯ೚ͤΒΕΔ  ԼهͷͭͷཁૉΛఆٛ͢Δ͜ͱͰίϯςφͷϥΠϑαΠΫϧΛճͤΔ  ΫϥελɾɾίϯςφΛཱͯΔϗετΛ؅ཧ  λεΫఆٛɾɾͲΜͳίϯςφΛཱͯΔ͔  αʔϏεɾɾίϯςφΛ͍ͭ͘഑උ͢Δ͔΍&-#ͱͷ࿈ܞ wಈతϙʔτϚοϐϯά  ಉ͡छྨͷίϯςφΛಉҰͷϗετʹෳ਺ཱͯΒΕΔ  IUUQEPDTBXTBNB[PODPNKB@KQFMBTUJDMPBECBMBODJOHMBUFTUBQQMJDBUJPOUVUPSJBMUBSHFUFDT DPOUBJOFSTIUNM  &$4ͷ͍͍ͱ͜Ζ

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&$4ޙͷΞʔΩςΫνϟ

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&$4ɾɾϋϚͬͨϙΠϯτू

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w ԼهͷͭͷίϯϙʔωϯτͰ&$4͸ߏ੒͞ΕΔɻ  ͜ΕΒͷ૬͕ؔதʑཧղग़དྷͣҰ౓͸ఘΊͨɻɻɻ    λεΫ  %PDLFSίϯςφ  λεΫఆٛ  ɹ%PDLFSίϯςφͷىಈύϥϝʔλ౳ EPDLFSDPNQPTFZNM૬౰   αʔϏε  ɹλεΫΛ·ͱΊΔάϧʔϓ λεΫىಈ਺"-#࿈ܞ"VUPTDBMFͷઃఆ౳   Ϋϥελ  ɹλεΫΛಈ͔͢ϗετ &$ ͷू߹ମΛఆٛ "VUP4DBMMJOH(SPVQPSΧελϜ&$   ᶃ&$4ͷ֤ίϯϙʔωϯτͷ૬ؔΛཧղ͢Δͷ͕೉͍͠

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w &$4Ϋϥελ͸ɺΫϥελ࡞੒࣌ʹ"VUP4DBMMJOHάϧʔ ϓΛ࡞Δ  "VUP4DBMMJOHάϧʔϓ͸͍Βͳ͍͔ΒɺϢʔβσʔλͰىಈ࣌ʹࣄલॲཧͨ͠&$ ͚ͩͰΫϥελΛߏ੒͍ͨ͠  ˠۭͷΫϥελΛ࡞ͬͯɺ&$͸ޙ͔Βඥ෇͚͍ͨ    (6*ͩͱ͜ͷνΣοΫϘοΫεΛ͍ΕΔ͚ͩͳͷʹதʑؾ͚ͮͳ͔ͬͨɻɻɻ              ᶄΧελϚΠζͨ͠Πϯελϯε͚ͩͰΫϥελΛߏ੒͍ͨ͠

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w αʔϏεͷσϓϩΠ͸ऴΘ͍ͬͯΔͷʹɺ"-#্Ͱ׬શ ͳτϥϑΟοΫͷ੾ΓସΘΓ͕ى͖ͳ͍  αʔϏεΛσϓϩΠ͢Δͱɺ&$4αʔϏε্͸৽چͭͷσϓϩΠλεΫ͕ڞଘ͢Δ  ৽نαʔϏεͷσϓϩΠ͸13*."3:Ͱཱ͕ͪ͋Δ͕ɺچσϓϩΠͷݩʹ࣮ߦ͞Εͯ ͍ΔλεΫ͸໾ׂ͕ऴΘΔ·Ͱফ͑ͳ͍  "-#഑ԼʹλεΫ͕͍Δ৔߹ͷ໾ׂ"-#ͷτϥϑΟοΫάϧʔϓʹॴଐ͢Δ͜ͱ    "-#Ͱ͸ɺESBJOJOHঢ়ଶ طଘίωΫγϣϯͷҡ࣋͢Δ ΛσϑΥϧτͰTҡ࣋ ͢ΔઃఆͩͬͨͷͰɺ࣮࣭σϓϩΠऴྃޙ͔ΒT͸αʔϏεͷσϓϩΠ͸ऴΘΒ ͳ͍ɻɻ    ESBJOJOHঢ়ଶ͸ɺT΋͋Ε͹े෼ͳͷͰ"-#ଆͰઃఆ஋Λม͑Δ͜ͱͰEFQMPZ͕ߴ ଎Խɻɻ ᶅ"-#࿈ܞͷ&$4αʔϏεͰσϓϩΠ׬͕ྃ஗͍

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w ࡟আର৅ͷΫϥελʹɺλεΫ ίϯςφ ͕ಈ͍͍ͯΔ ৔߹͸ɺΫϥελ͸࡟আग़དྷͳ͍ɻɻ  αʔϏεͰλεΫͷඞཁ਺Λʹ͢ΔˠλεΫফ͑Δ  Ϋϥελ্Ͱಈ͍͍ͯΔλεΫ͕ʹͳΔ  Ϋϥελͷ࡟আ͕ग़དྷΔ    ͦΕͧΕͷґଘؔ܎͕Θ͔͍ͬͯΕ͹؆୯͕ͩɺதʑཧ ղग़དྷͳ͔ͬͨɻɻ ᶆ&$4Ϋϥελͷ࡟আํ๏

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ֶशίετ͸ਖ਼௚͔͔Δ͕ ઌʑଓ͘ӡ༻Λߟ͑Δͱ&$4Φεεϝ

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%PDLFSΛӡ༻ͯ͠ಘͨ஌ݟ

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w ႈ౳ੑΛશ͘ؾʹ͠ͳͯ͘Α͍ͷ͕࠷ߴ  DIFG BOTJCMF TIFMMTDSJQUႈ౳ੑΛ୲อ͢Δͷ͕ਏ͔ͬͨɻɻ  %PDLFS͸ΠϛϡʔλϒϧͳͷͰɺ౓૸Δ͜ͱΛؾʹ͠ͳ͍͍ͯ͘ w ؆୯ͳهड़  36/ͰTIFMMίϚϯυΛ௲͍ͬͯ͘ܗࣜͳͷͰ୭Ͱ΋ಡΊΔ    ᶃ%PDLFSGJMF࠷ߴ

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w ։ൃ؀ڥͰಈ͍ͨ΋ͷΛͦͷ··ผ؀ڥʹҠૹग़དྷΔ  ࣮ߦ؀ڥͱΞϓϦέʔγϣϯίʔυΛύοέʔδԽͯ࣋ͪ͠ӡͿ  ྫ &#࢖͏ͱɺFCFYUFOTJPOTͷ಺༰ΛϩʔΧϧͰ࠶ݱͤ͞Δਏ͋͞Δ    ຊ൪͚ͩͰग़ΔΤϥʔ։ൃ؀ڥͰ͸ಈ͘Έ͍ͨͳਏ͍ӡ༻͔Βͷղ์  ਖ਼֬ʹ͍͏ͱɺΤϥʔͷ੾Γ෼͚͔ΒίϯςφԽ͍ͯ͠Δ෦෼Λ੾Γ཭ͯ͠ߟ͑ΒΕ Δɻ  ࣮ߦ؀ڥ͸Ұॹ %PDLFSΠϝʔδ ͔ͩΒɺຊ൪ͱ։ൃ؀ڥͷࠩҟ͸ͳΜ͚ͩͬͱ͍͏ εςοϓʹ͙͍͚͢Δɻ ᶄϙʔλϏϦςΟ

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w %PDLFSGJMFΛಡΊ͹શͯཧղग़དྷΔঢ়ଶΛ࡞Δ  ϕʔεΠϝʔδ͸ผͰ؅ཧ͠ɺͦͷ಺༰͸Θ͔Βͳ͍Έ͍ͨͳঢ়ଶ͸࡞Βͳ͍ɻɻ  શͯ͸ɺ։ൃ؀ڥͰ࠶ݱग़དྷɺ͔ͭΠϝʔδΛͦͷ··͍͚࣋ͬͯΔΑ͏ʹɻ w ίϯςφͷத਎͸ɺ୭Ͱ΋ߋ৽ग़དྷΔମ੍ʹ  ͜Ε·Ͱͷ04΍ϛυϧ΢ΣΞͷϨΠϠ͸Πϯϑϥ͕؅ཧΈ͍ͨͳੈքͱͷܾผ    ᶅ%PDLFSΠϝʔδ͸ந৅Խ͠ͳ͍ํ͕Αͦ͞͏

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w &$4؀ڥͰͷ%PDLFSίϯςφσϓϩΠϑϩʔ  %PDLFSGJMFͷ࡞੒͸ϩʔΧϧͷ։ൃ؀ڥͰ׬݁  σϓϩΠ࣌ʹඞཁͳࣄ ։ൃ؀ڥͰ࡞ͬͨ%PDLFSΠϝʔδΛ"84্ʹ഑උ͢Δ   ɹ%PDLFSGJMFϏϧυ&$3ʹQVTIλεΫఆٛͷ৽ϦϏδϣϯ࡞੒αʔϏεߋ৽ w &$4ͷσϓϩΠ෦෼͸ɺFDTEFQMPZ͕ྑͦ͞͏  ৽͍͠ίϯςφͷ഑උλεΫఆٛͷ৽ϦϏδϣϯ࡞੒αʔϏεߋ৽͕ඞཁ  ͜ͷ෦෼ΛࣗಈԽͯ͘͠ΕΔπʔϧ  FDTEFQMPZ͸ɺFDTDMJΛ࢖ͬͯॻ͔Ε͍ͯΔͷͰɺಡΈ΍͍͢  ऴྃΛ଴ͬͯ͘ΕΔ FDTDMJͷEFTDSJCFTFSWJDFTTFSWJDFTEFQMPZNFOU͕ʹͳΔͷΛ؂ࢹ   ʲαϯϓϧίϚϯυʳ  FDTEFQMPZU λεΫߋ৽ͷλΠϜΞ΢τ஋ DE<Ϋϥελ໊>O<αʔϏε໊>J<%PDLFSϦϙδτϦͷ63->   ˞IUUQTHJUIVCDPNTJMJOUFSOBUJPOBMFDTEFQMPZ ᶆ&$4؀ڥͰͷσϓϩΠϕετϓϥΫςΟε

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%PDLFSΛಋೖͯ͠ɺ ݁ہԿ͕͏Ε͔ͬͨ͠ͷ͔

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ґଘؔ܎Λҙࣝͨ͠ਏ͍γεςϜӡ༻  ϩʔΧϧ0,ˠຊ൪ʜ  ܦݧଇ͔Βಋ͔ΕΔ͜ͷ໾ׂͩͬͨΒ͋ͷαʔόͰ͠ΐ  ˣ  Ұͭͷίϯϙʔωϯτ͚ͩΛߟ͑Δ  ָͳγεςϜӡ༻ʹਐԽ  ϩʔΧϧ0,ˠຊ൪0, ׬શʹಉ͡΋ͷ͕ಈ͘   ίϯςφػೳ  ίϯςφͷ഑උ͸&$4ʹ͓೚ͤͦ͜ʹ಄࢖Θͳ͍

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w %PDLFSΛಋೖ͢Δ͜ͱͰɺ͜Ε·Ͱͷਏ͍γεςϜӡ༻ ͔Β୤٫ग़དྷΔ෦෼͕͋Δ w %PDLFSGJMF͸Φʔϓϯʹ୭Ͱ΋৮ΕΔΑ͏ͳӡ༻Λ͠ͳ ͍ͱࢫຯ͕൒ݮ͢Δɻ w %PDLFSΦʔέετϨʔγϣϯπʔϧͱͯ͠ɺ"84Λ࢖ͬ ͍ͯΔͳΒ&$4͕ྑͦ͞͏ ·ͱΊ