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Bitcoin green mininig — generated by Stable Diffusion XL v1.0 Bitcoin ( ) Bitcoin — 2024-11-21 – p.1/18

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Bitcoin : ( ) ( ) Bitcoin Work in Progress Bitcoin — 2024-11-21 – p.2/18

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Bitcoin — 2024-11-21 – p.3/18

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( ) ೖྗ σδλϧͳΒԿͰ΋Α͍σʔλͷू߹ ແݶ ग़ྗ CJU ͳͲݻఆ௕ͷ਺ͷू߹ ༗ݶ ग़ྗ஋͸ʮμΠδΣετʯͱ΋ݺ͹ΕΔ খ ͞ ͍ ॱ ʹ ฒ Μ Ͱ ͍ Δ ͱ ͠ ͯ খ ͞ ͍ ॱ ʹ ฒ Μ Ͱ ͍ Δ ͱ ͠ ͯ 4)"ͳͲͷؔ਺ 4)"4FDVSF)BTI"MHPSJUIN Ұ༷ʹ෼෍ ϋογϡؔ਺ͷੑ࣭ ภͬͯ෼෍ Ϛοϐϯάʹ๏ଇੑ͕ແ͍Α͏ʹݟ͑ɺ ˠͷํ޲ʹ͸҆ՁʹܭࢉͰ͖Δ͕ɺ ٯͷํ޲ʹ͸ܭࢉͰ͖ͳ͍ Ұํ޲ੑ ҉߸ֶతϋογϡؔ਺ͷੑ࣭ ແݶΛ༗ݶʹϚοϐϯά͢ΔͷͰɺҟͳΔೖྗ͕ ಉ͡ग़ྗ݁ՌʹͳΔ৔߹΋͘͝رʹ͋Δ িಥ িಥ ͤ͞Δํ๏ ͕ݟ͔ͭͬͨ҉߸ֶతϋογϡ ؔ਺͸΋͸΍҆શͱ͸ݟͳ͞Εͳ͍ Bitcoin SHA-256d Bitcoin — 2024-11-21 – p.4/18

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( ) ൿີ伴 伴ϖΞ ͋Β͔͡Ί ੜ੒ ൿີʹӅ࣋ͭ͠ ͋Β͔͡Ί౉͓͍ͯͯ͠΋Α͍ ॺ໊Λ࡞ͬͨͷ͸ެ։伴ʹ ରԠ͢Δൿີ伴Λ࢖͑Δ୭ ͔ ͢ͳΘͪॺ໊ऀ ͩ͠ɺ ݩͷσʔλ͸ॺ໊ޙ͸CJU ΋มΘͬ ͍ͯͳ͍ ͜ͷ࢓૊Έ͕ਖ਼͘͠ಈ࡞͢ΔͨΊʹ͸ɺ ड͚औͬͨެ։伴͕ຊ౰ʹॺ໊ऀͷ΋ͷ Ͱ͋Δͱ͍͏ԿΒ͔ͷূ໌͕ඞཁ ʲॺ໊ΞϧΰϦζϜʳ ೖྗݩͷσʔλɺ ൿີ伴 ग़ྗॺ໊ ʲॺ໊ݕূΞϧΰϦζϜʳ ೖྗݩͷσʔλɺ ॺ໊ɺ ެ։伴 ग़ྗ0,·ͨ͸/( ެ։伴 ॺ໊ऀ ॺ໊ ΞϧΰϦζϜ ॺ໊ݕূ ΞϧΰϦζϜ 0, ·ͨ͸ /( Πϯλʔωοτ ݕূऀ ެ ެ։ ։伴 伴 ެ։ ެ։伴 ެ ެ։ ։伴 伴 ݩͷ σʔλ ݩͷ σʔλ ॺ໊ ॺ໊ Bitcoin ECDSA ( ) Bitcoin — 2024-11-21 – p.5/18

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ϒϩοΫ O ࣌ؒ ϒϩοΫϔομʔ ͍ΖΜͳ৘ใ͕ೖ͍ͬͯΔ ϒϩοΫ O ͷ μΠδΣετ औҾ σʔλ ެ։伴 ˍॺ໊ औҾ σʔλ ެ։伴 ˍॺ໊ औҾ σʔλ ެ։伴 ˍॺ໊ ʜʜ ϒϩοΫ O ϒϩοΫϔομʔ ͍ΖΜͳ৘ใ͕ೖ͍ͬͯΔ ϒϩοΫ O ͷ μΠδΣετ औҾ σʔλ ެ։伴 ˍॺ໊ औҾ σʔλ ެ։伴 ˍॺ໊ औҾ σʔλ ެ։伴 ˍॺ໊ ʜʜ ϒϩοΫͷμΠδΣετ͸ ͦͷϒϩοΫΛҰҙʹࣔ͢ ࣝผࢠͱͯ͠΋༻͍ΒΕΔ औҾσʔλͷ࡟আ౳ͰϒϩοΫͷ ಺༰͕มΘΕ͹ɺͦͷμΠδΣετ ΋มΘΔͷͰɺໃ६͕ੜ͡Δ औҾσʔλʹ͸ૹ৴ऀͷσδλϧ ॺ໊͕෇͍͍ͯΔͷͰվ͟Μ͸ ࠔ೉͕ͩɺऔҾσʔλΛؙ͝ͱ ࡟আ͢Δ͜ͱ͸Ͱ͖Δ ࣍ͷϒϩοΫʹμΠδΣετ͕ ֨ೲ͞Ε͍ͯΔ͜ͱͰɺखલͷ ϒϩοΫͷ಺༰͸ϩοΫ͞Εͯ ͍Δͱ΋ݴ͑Δ͕ʜ ܨ͕͍ͬͯΔϒϩοΫͷϔομʔ ͷதͷμΠδΣετΛ࣍ʑͱॻ͖ ׵͍͚͑ͯ͹ໃ६ͳ͘վ͟ΜͰ͖ ΔͷͰɺϒϩοΫΛ࡞Δ͜ͱࣗମ ʹେ͖ͳίετΛඞཁʹͯ͠कΔ Proof of Work ( ) : ( ) Bitcoin 2,016 ( 2 ) ( ) bitcoin 100 ( 17 ) Bitcoin — 2024-11-21 – p.6/18

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( ) > ( ) → ( ) → < ( ) ( ) → ( ) → ⇒ Bitcoin — 2024-11-21 – p.7/18

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Bitcoin (∼2024 11 ) Bitcoin — 2024-11-21 – p.8/18

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Bitcoin 17GW DASF 50% Bitcoin — 2024-11-21 – p.9/18

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Bitcoin https://www.blockchain.com/explorer/charts/hash-rate 750,000,000 TH/s → 750EH/s or 7.5 H/s https://minerstat.com/hardware/asics TH/W T H s·W → T H·s s·J TH/J 10 SHA-256(d) mining ASIC : 0.045TH/J 750,000,000 TH/s ÷ 0.045 TH/J = 16,666,666,666.6667 W ≈ 17GW 660GW 5.5kW 17GW 310 Bitcoin — 2024-11-21 – p.10/18

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-12 -9 -7 -5 -3 -1 1 3 5 7 9 11 Time Zone (UTC-relative) Capacity (GW) Bitcoin 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Solar power by country ( ) 17GW (13 ) Bitcoin 13 Bitcoin 1 4 4.25GW 29 UTC Bitcoin — 2024-11-21 – p.11/18

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Bitcoin — 2024-11-21 – p.12/18

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0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 Hour of the Day Relative Hash Rate 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 Total Rate (+2.0) Total Rate (+1.0) Total Rate (+0.5) Baseline Rate άϦʔϯϚΠχϯά΁ͷϦϓϨʔε͕ ى͖ͨͱߟ͑Ε͹ϕʔεϥΠϯ͸௿Լ͢Δ 1 0.5 1.0 2.0 1 : 12 , : 2 2,016 . . . 0.5 ( 1.1 ) 11 7.3 1.0 ( 1.21 ) 12.1 6.1 2.0 ( 1.42 ) 14.2 4.7 Bitcoin — 2024-11-21 – p.13/18

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: DAA (Difficulty Adjustment Algorithm) 2,016 BitcoinCash Bitcoin — 2024-11-21 – p.14/18

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51% Bitcoin 50% Bitcoin ( ) 50% selfish mining ( ) Bitcoin — 2024-11-21 – p.15/18

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100 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 Hour of the Day Relative Hash Rate 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 Total Rate (+2.0) Total Rate (+1.0) Total Rate (+0.5) Baseline Rate άϦʔϯϚΠχϯά΁ͷϦϓϨʔε͕ ى͖ͨͱߟ͑Ε͹ϕʔεϥΠϯ͸௿Լ͢Δ ϒϩοΫ ϒϩοΫ ߈ܸΛ։࢝ ໨తΛୡ੒ ϒϩοΫ ( ) Bitcoin 2 1∼2 1∼2 17 DAA Bitcoin — 2024-11-21 – p.16/18

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: 100 block rule → 144 block rule 100 144 bitcoin Bitcoin — 2024-11-21 – p.17/18

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(1) DAA (2) selfish mining (3) bitcoin 100 144 Bitcoin Bitcoin — 2024-11-21 – p.18/18