Ruby & You - Rubyconf PT 2014

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Ruby & You

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RubyConf Portugal in Review

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#rubykaraoke

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#rubykaraoke

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Case statements === Ranges

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Program in Confidence

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Rails is so 2005 @myabc

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URLs are very important

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URL DRIVEN DEVELOPMENT ?

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Macros Turtles all the way down

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Ruby is an Emergency Instructions Language

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Fewer objects makes a faster Ruby

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Ruby isn't going to last forever...

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Bieber increases programmer productivity

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Innovation happens through reinventing the wheel

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Today is not Friday...

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But Caleb believes in hugs everyday

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Terence Lee @hone02

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Austin, TX

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@calebthompson

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Jacuzzi for your Hands

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Ruby Task Force

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Ruby Task Force Member

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Matz’s Ruby Team

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← Matz

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← ko1

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← ko1 Performance Prince

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nobu →

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nobu → Patch Monster

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Top 5 Committers $ git shortlog -s --since=2012 | sort -rn | \ head -6 2739 nobu <--- 867 akr 710 svn 635 ko1 596 naruse 448 zzak

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Top 5 (Human) Committers $ git shortlog -s --since=2012 | sort -rn | \ head -6 2739 nobu 867 akr 710 svn <--- 635 ko1 596 naruse 448 zzak

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Top 5 (Human) Committers $ git shortlog -s --since=2012 | sort -rn | \ head -6 2739 nobu 867 akr 710 svn 635 ko1 596 naruse 448 zzak <---

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zzak (@_zzak) sensei (せんせい)

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zzak (@_zzak) for Ruby Hero

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Agenda ● Story Time ● Working with Ruby ● A Potential Future

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Story Time

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CVE-2013-4164 November 22, 2013

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Exploit

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untrusted_data.to_f Vulnerable Code

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Venue of Attack JSON.parse untrusted_data

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Metasploit def digit_pattern @digit_pattern ||= rand(10_000).to_s end def multiplier (500_000 * (1.0/digit_pattern.size)).to_i end def evil_float_string [digit_pattern, digit_pattern * multiplier].join('.') end JSON.parse("[#{evil_float_string}]")

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$ ruby repro.rb [BUG] Segmentation fault ruby 2.0.0p247 (2013-06-27 revision 41674) [x86_64-linux] -- C level backtrace information ---------------------- /../lib/libruby.so.2.0(+0x1ceaa8) [0x7f8787802aa8] /../rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/lib/libruby.so.2.0(+0x74e0a) /../lib/libruby.so.2.0(rb_bug+0xb3) [0x7f87876a9af3] /../lib/libruby.so.2.0(+0x14cf66) [0x7f8787780f66]

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Affected Versions ● Ruby 1.8 after 1.8.6p230 ● Ruby 1.9 prior to 1.9.3p484 ● Ruby 2.0 prior to 2.0.0p353 ● Ruby 2.1 prior to 2.1.0 preview2 ● trunk prior to revision 43780

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Solution... All users are recommended to upgrade to ● Ruby 1.9.3p484 ● Ruby 2.0.0p353 ● Ruby 2.1.0 preview2

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What about Ruby 1.8.7? Please note that Ruby 1.8 series or any earlier releases are already obsoleted. There is no plan to release new FIXED versions for them.

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Ruby 1.9.2?

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Doubts 1. Don’t do anything 2. Patch just once 3. Maintain Ruby 1.8.7/1.9.2

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A Patch in Time Heroku releases two unofficial rubies: 1. Ruby 1.9.2p321 2. Ruby 1.8.7p375 github.com/heroku/ruby

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To: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] At Heroku, we’re still maintaining security fixes for customers on 1.8.7 and 1.9.2 while we figure out our end of life process. After discussion on the security list, I’d like to apply these patches to the proper branches upstream so things don’t get out of sync. Here are the commits I’d like to apply: https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/457 https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/458 -Terence

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Getting on Core ● Send enough patches ● port Ruby to non-POSIX platforms ● write library brought into stdlib ● security backporting

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Friendly Reminder UPGRADE Your Rubies!!!!!!!!!!!

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PSA Ruby 1.8.7 / 1.9.2 Support Ended in August

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Ruby 1.9.3 support ends 2/23/2015

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Working with Ruby

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Why Should You Care?

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Why Do I Care?

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The people are the most important part.

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Why Should You Care?

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Getting the Source (SVN) Trunk: $ svn co http://svn.ruby-lang.org/repos/ruby/trunk ruby Branch: $ svn co \ http://svn.ruby-lang. org/repos/ruby/branches/ruby_2_0_0

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Getting the Source (git-svn) $ git clone [email protected]:ruby/ruby.git $ cd ruby $ git svn init \ svn+ssh://[email protected] lang.org/ruby/trunk $ mv .git/refs/remotes/origin/trunk \ . git/refs/remotes/git-svn $ git svn rebase

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Protips

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Did you know... the patchlevel no. is incremented by hand

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all dates are in JST (UTC +9) github.com/zzak/dotvim/blob/master/.vimrc#L12-L20

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Top 5 (Human) Committers $ git shortlog -s --since=2012 | sort -rn | \ head -6 2739 nobu 867 akr 710 svn <--- 635 ko1 596 naruse 448 zzak

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Running Tests $ mkdir build $ autoconf $ cd build $ ./configure --prefix=~/tmp/xxx --enable-shared \ --with-openssl-dir=/path/to/openssl \ --with-readline-dir=/path/to/readline \ --with-zlib-dir=/path/to/zlib $ make test-all TESTS=-v

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Running Individual Test Files $ make test-all TESTS=drb/test_drb.rb

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Creating a Patch $ diff -pu original/ changed/ \ > ruby-changes.patch $ svn diff > ruby-changes.patch $ git diff > ruby-changes.patch

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Communication

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Mailing Lists (ruby-lang.org) →

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● Ruby-Talk ● Ruby-Core ● Ruby-Doc ● Ruby-CVS

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Twitter is not a bug tracker

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Issue Tracker (bugs.ruby-lang.org)

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Filing Issues ● Bugs are fixed on trunk first ● Can request backport once committed to trunk ● bugs.ruby-lang.org/projects/ruby-trunk/issues/new

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Create an Account / Login →

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Search for Existing Issues →

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→

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Issue List

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→

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github.com/ruby/ruby/blob/trunk/doc/maintainers.rdoc Maintainer’s List

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Security ● Email [email protected] ● Responsible Disclosure ● Vulnerability/Use cases ● Affected Rubies

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Story: Insecure SSL Defaults ● Ruby get it’s default from OpenSSL ● Who’s responsibility is it?

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Ruby Core Developer Meetings ● Draft an agenda ● Pick a date (estimate) ● Ask Matz ● Ask ruby-core

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More Protips...

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English is not everyone’s primary language

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Nor is Japanese

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People on Ruby Core speak Ruby

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Issues are often consumed over e-mail

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A Potential Future

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Goals ● Trust ● Transparency ● Onboarding

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Moving to Git ● Backport Tools ● Redmine ● Version Log ● Others? ● Convince Core ● Profit…?

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Supporting Legacy Rubies

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Improve Onboarding Materials

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For Katrina, Chris, and Phil

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Testing Ruby 2.1.x https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/9607

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Ruby 2.2

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Symbol GC

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Incremental GC https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/10137

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vfork()

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Dedupe String Keys in Hashes https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/9382

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BEGIN { ObjectSpace.count_objects } def count_string before = ObjectSpace.count_objects[:T_STRING] yield after = ObjectSpace.count_objects[:T_STRING] puts "Increasing String object is: #{after - before}" end count_string{'a' + 'b'} #=> 3

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in Ruby 2.1.3 hash = { "jeremy" => "julius caesar" } count_string { 1000.times { hash["jeremy"] } #=> 1000 }

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in Ruby 2.2 hash = { "jeremy" => "julius caesar" } count_string { 1000.times { hash["jeremy"] } #=> 0 }

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Frozen Ruby: "Ruby"f https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/8923

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Frozen Ruby: "Ruby"f https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/8923 Soggy

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Schedule ● Sep 13: Ruby 2.2.0.preview1 ● Sep 30: Large Feature Freeze ● Oct 29: Preview 2 Meeting ● Nov: Feature Freeze, Ruby 2.2.0.preview2 ● Dec: Release Candidate ● Dec 25: 2.2.0 Release!

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Ruby 3.0 http://brewhouse.io/blog/2014/09/19/ruby-kaigi-2014-day-2

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Concurrency?

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JIT Compiler?

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RuJIT https://github.com/imasahiro/rujit

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Static Typing?

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Static Annotations def connect(r -> Stream, c -> Client) -> Fiber … end

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Why Static Typing?

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Why Static Typing? ● Performance

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Why Static Typing? ● Performance ● Compile Time Check

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Why Static Typing? ● Performance ● Compile Time Check ● Documentation

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Why Not?

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Why Not Static Typing? ● It works™ without it

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Why Not Static Typing? ● It works™ without it ● It is against duck typing

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Why Not Static Typing? ● It works™ without it ● It is against duck typing ● It will be optional

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Why Not Static Typing? ● It works™ without it ● It is against duck typing ● It will be optional ● DRY