プロポーザルのつくり方〜個人技編〜 / How to come up with proposals

by Masato Ohba

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ϓϩϙʔβϧͷͭ͘Γํ ʙݸਓٕฤʙ .BTBUP0ICB !PICBSZF "GUFS,BJHJPO3BJMT BGUFS@LBJHJPOSBJMT

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ݸਓٕฤʁ ʮΤϯδχΞ໊Ͱϓϩϙʔβϧఏग़݅ ࠾୒݅Λࢧ͑Δٕज़ͱจԽʯ IUUQTTQFBLFSEFDLDPNPICBSZFQSPQPTBM fi HIUDVMUVSF ϋʔυϧͷ͋Γ͔ɺॻٕ͘ज़ɺॻ͘จԽʹ͍ͭͯ͸աڈͷൃදΛࢀর

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4NBSU#BOL *OD 4PGUXBSF&OHJOFFS .BTBUP0ICB !PICBSZF 8IP*BN !PICBSZF ࠓ೔͸ݸͱͯ͠΍͍ͬͯΔීஈͷ͜ͱ ϓϩϙʔβϧΛࢥ͍ͭ͘·Ͱͷ࿩ ࡞จज़ɺ܏޲ͱରࡦFUDʹؔ͢Δϊ΢ϋ΢͸͢Ͱʹੈʹͨ͘͞Μ͋ΔͷͰׂѪ

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ϓϩϙʔβϧͷͭ͘Γํ w ϓϩϙʔβϧఏग़ͨ͠ΧϯϑΝϨϯεݸ w "DDFQUFE 3FKFDUFE࠾୒཰ w ଧ੮͸গͳ͍͕ଧ཰͸ߴΊ ͦΕ͸ͦ͏ͱPLVSBNBTBGVNJ͞Μ͕೥͚ͩͰຊఏग़ͯ͠Δͷ͸ੌ͗͢Δ IUUQTTQFBLFSEFDLDPNPLVSBNBTBGVNJXIZEJENZQSPQPTBMTHFUSFKFDUFE +4$POG+1 ,BJHJPO3BJMT 34(5 /PEF'FTU+1 :"1$)JSPTIJNB 3VCZ,BJHJ J04%$+BQBO ,BJHJPO3BJMT ,BJHJPO3BJMT ,BJHJPO3BJMT CVJMEFSTDPOUPLZP :"1$)BLPEBUF "DDFQUFE 3FKFDUFE ίϛϡχςΟʹग़຅ͯ͠Ҏ߱ͷ5SBDLSFDPSET

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ϓϩϙʔβϧͷͭ͘Γํ w ΩϟϦΞۀ຿ w ֶ෦ͷઐ߈͸੢༸ֶ࢙ɾྺ࢙఩ֶ w 8FCΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ։ൃ w ΤϯδχΞϦϯάϚωδϝϯτ w ಛఆͷઐ໳ྖҬ΍ಥ͖٧Ίͨ෼໺͸ͳ͍ w ๞͖΍͍͢ͳΓʹΠϯϓοτͨ͠஌ࣝͷ૊Έ߹ΘͤͰ΍͖ͬͯͨ ࣗ෼ͷଐੑɾੑ࣭ ʮීஈ͔Βίʔυͨ͘͞Μॻ͍ͯΔͷͰωλ͸ʹࠔΒͳ͍ʯతͳੈք؍ͷਓؒͰ͸ͳ͍ͱ͍͏͜ͱΛڧௐ͍ͨ͠ ܭըతۮൃੑཧ࿦Λศརͳޱ࣮ͱͯ͠࢖͍ͬͯΔ;͠͸͋Δ

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ϓϩϙʔβϧͷͭ͘Γํ ૊Έ߹Θͤ΍ࢹ఺ͷχον͞ͰBDDFQU͞Ε͖ͯͨͱਪଌ +4$POG+1 ,BJHJPO3BJMT 34(5 /PEF'FTU+1 :"1$)JSPTIJNB 3VCZ,BJHJ J04%$+BQBO ,BJHJPO3BJMT ,BJHJPO3BJMT ,BJHJPO3BJMT αϒεΫϦϓγϣϯαʔϏεʹ ͓͚Δ*O"QQ1VSDIBTF࠶ߟ ߩݙͰ͖Δ044ͷݟ͚ͭํ ׬݁ฤ ϓϩμΫτͷʮෛ࠴ʯΛ ʮػೳʯͱݺͼ௚ͨ͢Ίʹ .JHSBUJPOGSPN3FBDU/BUJWF UP18" .Z'BWPSJUF1SPUPDPM *EFNQPUFODZ,FZ)FBEFS 4BGF3FUSZXJUI *EFNQPUFODZ,FZ)FBEFS #BMBODF4FDVSJUZBOE6TBCJMJUZ JOUIF'JFMEPG%4FDVSF ؅ཧػೳΞʔΩςΫνϟύλʔϯ ͷߟ࡯ͱ࣮ફ %BUB.JHSBUJPOPO3BJMT 6OMPDLJOH1PUFOUJBMPG1SPQFSUZ #BTFE5FTUJOHXJUI3BDUPS "1*ଆͷࢹ఺Ͱ*"1ʹ͍ͭͯ ࿩͢ͷ͕৽઱Ά͔ͬͨ 044DPOUSJCVUJPOͷจ຺ ୭Ͱ΋஌ͬͯΔ؅ཧػೳ Λ͖͔͚ͬʹΞʔΩςΫ νϟΛߟ͑ΔࢼΈ χονͳܾࡁυϝΠϯωλΛ 8FCηΩϡϦςΟͷจ຺Ͱ࿩͢ εΫϥϜͦͷ΋ͷͰ͸ͳ͘ Ξ΢τΧϜͷଌΓํͷ࿩ ౰࣌ɺҠߦࣄྫ͕ গͳ͔ͬͨ

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ϓϩϙʔβϧͷͭ͘Γํ͸ ΞΠσΞͷͭ͘Γํʹ͍ۙ

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ϓϩϙʔβϧͷͭ͘Γํ ΞΠσΞͱ͸طଘͷཁૉͷ૊Έ߹ΘͤҎ֎ͷԿ ΋ͷͰ΋ͳ͍ͱ͍͏͜ͱͰ͋Δ طଘͷཁૉΛ৽͍͠Ұͭͷ૊Έ߹Θͤʹಋ͘࠽ ೳ͸ɺࣄ෺ͷؔ࿈ੑΛΈ͚ͭग़͢࠽ೳʹґଘ͢ Δͱ͜Ζ͕େ͖͍ ૊Έ߹Θ͕ͤͦ͜ΞΠσΞ δΣʔϜζɾ8ɾϠϯάʰΞΠσΞͷͭ͘ΓํʱࠓҪໜ༤༁ɺ5#4ϒϦλχΧɺ೥ ݪஶ͸೥ ຊ౰ʹ࠽ೳ͔ʁݱ୅Ͱ͸ٕज़ʹ੒͍ͬͯΔͷͰ͸ʁ

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ϓϩϙʔβϧͷͭ͘Γํ ͻΒΊ͖͸ಥવ๚ΕΔ͔ͷΑ͏ʹޠΒΕΔ͜ͱ ͕ଟ͍ɻ͔͠͠ͻΒΊ͖͸࿅शʹΑΔมԽɺൃ ୡʹΑΔมԽͱಉ͡ɺͭ·Γଟ༷Ͱ৑௕ͳೝ஌ Ϧιʔεͱͦͷؒͷڝ߹ʹΑΔ༳Β͕͗ɺͦΕ ͕࣮ߦ͞ΕΔ؀ڥͱҰମͱͳΓ૑ൃ͞ΕΔɻ ஌ࣝͱ૑ൃ ླ໦޺তʰࢲͨͪ͸Ͳ͏ֶΜͰ͍Δͷ͔ʕ૑ൃ͔ΒݟΔೝ஌ͷมԽʱ ͪ͘·ϓϦϚʔ৽ॻ ஜຎॻ๪ɺ೥ ࿅शɺೝ஌Ϧιʔεɺ࣮ߦ؀ڥೃછΈ͋Δݴ༿ͨͪ

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ϓϩϙʔβϧͷͭ͘Γํ அยతͳ஌͕ࣝͨͩฒΜͰ͍Δ͚ͩͰ͸ͻΒΊ͖΍૑ൃ͸ੜ·Εͳ͍ ஌ࣝ" ஌ࣝ# ஌ࣝ$ ஌ࣝ% ஌ࣝ& ஌ࣝ'

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ϓϩϙʔβϧͷͭ͘Γํ ؀ڥͷมԽ͕ΏΒ͗Λ༩͑ɺ૑ൃ͕஌ࣝͷωοτϫʔΫΛ͍ͭͬͯ͘͘ ஌ࣝ" ஌ࣝ# ஌ࣝ$ ஌ࣝ% ஌ࣝ& ஌ࣝ' ϓϩϙʔβϧΛ೔Ҏ಺ʹߟ͑ͳ͚Ε͹ ੍໿ ͜ͷͭ͸3VCZͷ஌ࣝ ͔ͩΒ׆͔ͤͦ͏ ૑ൃ ؔ܎ແ͍ͱࢥ͚ͬͯͨ Ͳɺ࣮͸ܨ͛ΒΕΔͷ Ͱ͸ʁ ૑ൃ ؀ڥͷมԽ͸ҙਤͯ͠ىͤ͜Δ͕ɺ૑ൃͦΕࣗମ͸ແҙࣝతʹى͖Δ ૑ൃʹ͍ͩ͡ͳ৚݅͸ɺͦ͜ʹଟ͘ͷཁૉ͕ଘࡏ͍ͯ͠Δ͜ͱɺͦͯ͠ཁૉͲ͏͠ͷ૬ޓ࡞༻ʹΑͬͯ༳Β͕͗ੜ͡Δ͜ͱ #͕׆͖ΔͳΒ $΋ࠞͥͪΌ͓͏ ૑ൃ

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ϓϩϙʔβϧͷͭ͘Γํ ਓؒͷ஌ੑ͸ɺେྔͷ৘ใΛอ࣋͢ΔΑ͏ʹઃܭ͞Εͨσ εΫτοϓɾίϯϐϡʔλͱ͸ҧ͏ɻ஌ੑ͸ɺ৽ͨͳঢ়گԼ Ͱͷҙࢥܾఆʹ࠷΋໾ཱͭ৘ใ͚ͩΛநग़͢ΔΑ͏ʹਐԽ͠ ͨɺॊೈͳ໰୊ղܾ૷ஔͰ͋Δɻͦͷ݁Ռɺࢲͨͪ͸಄ͷͳ ͔ʹɺੈքʹ͍ͭͯͷৄࡉͳ৘ใΛ͘͝Θ͔͔ͣ͠อ࣋͠ͳ ͍ɻ ෺ࣄͷ࢓૊Έʹର͢ΔࣗΒͷ஌ࣝΛաେධՁ͠ɺຊ౰͸஌ Βͳ͍ͤ͘ʹ෺ࣄͷ࢓૊ΈΛཧղ͍ͯ͠Δͱࢥ͍ࠐΜͰੜ׆ ͢Δ͜ͱͰɺੈքͷෳࡶ͞Λແࢹ͍ͯ͠ΔͷͰ͋Δɻ ཱͪ͸͔ͩΔ஌ੑͷݶք εςΟʔϒϯɾεϩʔϚϯɺϑΟϦοϓɾϑΝʔϯόοΫʰ஌ͬͯΔͭ΋Γʕແ஌ͷՊֶʱ౔ํಸඒ༁ɺ٦ྰղઆɺૣ઒ॻ๪ɺ ೥

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ϓϩϙʔβϧͷͭ͘Γํ ૑ൃʹ͸ଟ͘ͷཁૉ͕ඞཁ͕ͩɺಉ࣌ʹอ࣋Ͱ͖Δݶք͕͋Δ ஌ࣝ" ஌ࣝ# ஌ࣝ$ ஌ࣝ% ஌ࣝ& ஌ࣝ' ❌ ݱࡏ͔Ζ͏͍֮ͯ͑ͯ͡Δ ೝ஌తݶք͕૑ൃΛ๦͛Δ ஌ࣝ#Λ๨Ε͍ͯΔͷͰ ܨ͕ΓΛݟग़ͤͳ͍ ʮ֓೦ѹॖʯͱ͔ʮ஌ࣝͷढ͍ʯ΋བྷΊͯޠΔ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ͦ͏ ѹॖ͞ΕͯෆՄࢹʹͳͬͨཁૉ͕͋ͬͨΓɺΘ͔Βͳ͔ͬͨ࣌ͷؾ࣋ͪΛ๨ΕΔͱཁૉͱͯ͠ೝࣝͰ͖ͳ͘ͳΔ աڈʹֶΜ͚ͩͲ๨Εͨ

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஌ࣝ$ ஌ࣝ" աڈʹֶΜ͚ͩͲ๨Εͨ ϓϩϙʔβϧͷͭ͘Γํ ղܾࡦ஌ࣝهԱͷ֎෦Խͨͱ͑͹ϖʔδͷ4DSBQCPY ஌ࣝ# ஌ࣝ% ஌ࣝ& ஌ࣝ' ❌ ݱࡏ͔Ζ͏͍֮ͯ͑ͯ͡Δ ஌ࣝ#Λ๨Ε͍ͯΔͷͰ ܨ͕ΓΛݟग़ͤͳ͍ ଞਓʹݟͤΔͨΊͷهࣄͰ͸ͳ͘֎෦૷ஔͱͯ͠ӡ༻͢Δ ԿΛ֮͑ͯͯԿΛ֮͑ͯͳ͍͔ɺ ΋͸΍๨Ε͕ͨ໰୊ͳ͍ ϖʔδͷ4DSBQCPY͕ԶΛࢧ͑Δ IUUQTTDSBQCPYJPPICBSZF αʔϏεϦωʔϜͯ͠$PTFOTFʹͳͬͨ͜ͱ͸஌͍ͬͯΔ͕ɺ͍·ͩʹ4DSBQCPYʹѪண͕͋ΔͷͰ࢖༻͢Δ

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ϓϩϙʔβϧͷͭ͘Γํ ஌ࣝهԱͷ֎෦ԽΛ׆༻ͨ͠૑ൃͱసҠ w ݕࡧϓϩϙʔβϧʹؔΘΔϫʔυ அ໘ ੾Γޱ ౳Ͱաڈͱݱࡏͷ஌ࣝهԱΛϦετΞοϓ͢Δɻ ҙਤͯ͠஌ࣝͷपล؀ڥΛૢ࡞͢Δߦ͍ w ૑ൃଟ਺ͷཁૉͷܨ͕ΓΛࣔࠦ͢ΔΏΒ͕͗༩͑ ΒΕɺΞΠσΞͷछΛ૑ൃ͢Δ w సҠ͋Δ৔໘Ͱ֫ಘͨ͠஌ࣝΛผͷ৔໘Ͱར༻͢ Δ͜ͱΛೝ஌ՊֶͳͲ৺ͷՊֶͷ෼໺Ͱ͸ɺԠ༻ͱ ͸ݴΘͣʹʮ஌ࣝͷసҠʯʮֶशͷసҠʯͱ͍͏

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ϓϩϙʔβϧͷͭ͘Γํ ߴ౓ͳཧղͱ͸ɺ͍͍ͨͯ஌͕ࣝ۩ମతʹͲ͜ ʹ͋Δ͔Λ஌͍ͬͯΔͱ͍͏ͷͱಉٛͰ͋Δ w ૑ൃͷ͖͔͚ͬ͑͋͞Ε͹ɺແ஌Λ֮ࣗͯ͠֎ք ΍ίϛϡχςΟ΁ͱ஌ࣝͷϨʔϧΛԆ৳Ͱ͖Δ w ਂ͘஌͍ͬͯΔ͔Ͳ͏͔͸͋ͱͰ͍͍ɺ࠾୒͞Ε ͨΓඞཁʹͳͬͨΒֶͿ஗ԆධՁ ͢΂ͯͷ஌ࣝΛΞʔΧΠϒ͢Δඞཁ͸ͳ͍ εςΟʔϒϯɾεϩʔϚϯɺϑΟϦοϓɾϑΝʔϯόοΫʰ஌ͬͯΔͭ΋Γʕແ஌ͷՊֶʱ౔ํಸඒ༁ɺ٦ྰղઆɺૣ઒ॻ๪ɺ ೥

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ϓϩϙʔβϧͷͭ͘Γํ ֎քͷ׆༻ ຊਤॻؗ Ξϯέʔτ ΠϯλϏϡʔ

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ݱࡏͷؔ৺ ϓϩϙʔβϧͷͭ͘Γํ ྫ3VCZ,BJHJ 3BDUPS1SPQFSUZCBTFEUFTUJOH ϓϩϙʔβϧߟ͑Δ͔

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ݱࡏͷؔ৺ ϓϩϙʔβϧͷͭ͘Γํ ྫ3VCZ,BJHJ 3BDUPS1SPQFSUZCBTFEUFTUJOH 3VCZͰ͸ ./εέδϡʔϥʔ͕೤͍ ಥવͷ֎ք͔Βͷܹࢗ ϓϩϙʔβϧߟ͑Δ͔

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ݱࡏͷؔ৺ ϓϩϙʔβϧͷͭ͘Γํ ྫ3VCZ,BJHJ 3BDUPS1SPQFSUZCBTFEUFTUJOH ύϑΥʔϚϯε 5ISFBE ΋ͱ΋ͱ ܨ͕ͬͯͨ஌ࣝ 3VCZͰ͸ ./εέδϡʔϥʔ͕೤͍ ಥવͷ֎ք͔Βͷܹࢗ ϓϩϙʔβϧߟ͑Δ͔

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աڈͷ஌ࣝ ݕࡧ ݱࡏͷؔ৺ ϓϩϙʔβϧͷͭ͘Γํ ྫ3VCZ,BJHJ 3BDUPS1SPQFSUZCBTFEUFTUJOH ύϑΥʔϚϯε 5ISFBE ΋ͱ΋ͱ ܨ͕ͬͯͨ஌ࣝ 3VCZͰ͸ ./εέδϡʔϥʔ͕೤͍ ಥવͷ֎ք͔Βͷܹࢗ ϓϩϙʔβϧߟ͑Δ͔

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աڈͷ஌ࣝ ݕࡧ ݱࡏͷؔ৺ ϓϩϙʔβϧͷͭ͘Γํ ྫ3VCZ,BJHJ 3BDUPS1SPQFSUZCBTFEUFTUJOH ඼࣭ ςετ ύϑΥʔϚϯε 5ISFBE ΋ͱ΋ͱ ܨ͕ͬͯͨ஌ࣝ ੑೳͬͯςετ Ͱ΋େࣄͩΑͳ ૑ൃ 3VCZͰ͸ ./εέδϡʔϥʔ͕೤͍ ಥવͷ֎ք͔Βͷܹࢗ ϓϩϙʔβϧߟ͑Δ͔ ΋ͱ΋ͱ ܨ͕ͬͯͨ஌ࣝ

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ະ஌ͷ͜ͱ աڈͷ஌ࣝ ݕࡧ ݱࡏͷؔ৺ ϓϩϙʔβϧͷͭ͘Γํ ྫ3VCZ,BJHJ 3BDUPS1SPQFSUZCBTFEUFTUJOH ඼࣭ ςετ 1SPQFSUZCBTFEUFTUJOH ύϑΥʔϚϯε 5ISFBE ΋ͱ΋ͱ ܨ͕ͬͯͨ஌ࣝ ੑೳͬͯςετ Ͱ΋େࣄͩΑͳ ૑ൃ ͦ͏͍͑͹ؾʹͳͬͯͨ ςετख๏͕͋Δͳ ੑೳ͕஗͍Β͍͕͠ ૑ൃ 3VCZͰ͸ ./εέδϡʔϥʔ͕೤͍ ಥવͷ֎ք͔Βͷܹࢗ ϓϩϙʔβϧߟ͑Δ͔ ΋ͱ΋ͱ ܨ͕ͬͯͨ஌ࣝ

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ະ஌ͷ͜ͱ աڈͷ஌ࣝ ݕࡧ ݱࡏͷؔ৺ ϓϩϙʔβϧͷͭ͘Γํ ྫ3VCZ,BJHJ 3BDUPS1SPQFSUZCBTFEUFTUJOH ඼࣭ ςετ 1SPQFSUZCBTFEUFTUJOH ύϑΥʔϚϯε 5ISFBE &MJYJS ΋ͱ΋ͱ ܨ͕ͬͯͨ஌ࣝ ੑೳͬͯςετ Ͱ΋େࣄͩΑͳ ૑ൃ ͦ͏͍͑͹ؾʹͳͬͯͨ ςετख๏͕͋Δͳ ੑೳ͕஗͍Β͍͕͠ ૑ൃ 3VCZͰ͸ ./εέδϡʔϥʔ͕೤͍ ಥવͷ֎ք͔Βͷܹࢗ 3VCZͷฒߦฒྻॲཧػߏͰੑೳվળ͍͚Δ͔ సҠ ϓϩϙʔβϧߟ͑Δ͔ ΋ͱ΋ͱ ܨ͕ͬͯͨ஌ࣝ 3BDUPS 1SPQFSUZCBTFEUFTUJOHͷ͜ͱৄ͘͠஌Γ͍͕ͨ&MJYJSͷຊ͔͠ͳ͍ ࢓ํͳ͍͔Β&MJYJSίʔυݟͳ͕Β3VCZʹҠ২ͯ͠ΈΔ͔ʙ

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·ͱΊ ࿩ͨ͜͠ͱ ✍ ϓϩϙʔβϧͷͭ͘Γํ͸ΞΠσΞͷͭ͘Γํʹࣅ͍ͯΔ ৽͍͠ΞΠσΞ͸طଘͷΞΠσΞͷ૊Έ߹Θͤ 💡 ଟ͘ͷ஌ࣝΛ࢓ೖΕɺաڈͷ஌ࣝͱݱࡏͷؔ৺Λܨ͛ΔΑ͏ʹ͓ͯ͘͠ ඞཁʹԠͯ͡ͻΒΊ͖͕૑ൃ͞ΕΔΑ͏ͳ؀ڥΛࣗΒ࡞Δ 📚 Ғେͳൃݟ͸Ͱ͖ͳ͘ͱ΋ɺϓϩϙʔβϧΛॻ͙͘Β͍ͳΒ ࠽ೳͰͳ͘ຌ༱ͳܦݧͱ஌ࣝͰΞΠσΞΛͭ͘ΕΔ ͱ৴͡Δ