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Ruby Systems Programming Andy delcambre Monday, March 11, 13

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@adelcambre sounds like welcome Andy Delcambre Monday, March 11, 13

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Monday, March 11, 13

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gist Monday, March 11, 13

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Monday, March 11, 13

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diploma goes here Monday, March 11, 13

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Delcambre Software Monday, March 11, 13

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CS 333 Operating systems CS 494 Networking Monday, March 11, 13

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Monday, March 11, 13

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Ruby Systems Programming Monday, March 11, 13

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“operate and control the computer hardware and to provide a platform for running application software” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_software Monday, March 11, 13

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User Mode Kernel Mode Monday, March 11, 13

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User Mode Monday, March 11, 13

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User Mode Math Monday, March 11, 13

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User Mode Math Access Memory* Monday, March 11, 13

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Kernel Mode Monday, March 11, 13

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Kernel Mode Anything Monday, March 11, 13

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Kernel Mode Anything Everything Monday, March 11, 13

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User Mode Kernel Mode Monday, March 11, 13

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User Mode Kernel Mode Your Program System Calls Monday, March 11, 13

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Obligatory Jessica Monday, March 11, 13

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$ strace -p Monday, March 11, 13

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Monday, March 11, 13

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120,602 Calls One Request Monday, March 11, 13

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linux$ wc -l syscall_table.S 326 Monday, March 11, 13

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mov!eax, 5 mov!ebx, path mov!ecx, flags int!80h open(path, flags) Monday, March 11, 13

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linux$ cat syscall_table.S | grep -c sys_ni_syscal 65 Monday, March 11, 13

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linux$ cat syscall_table.S | grep -c sys_ni_syscal 65 “Not Implemented” Monday, March 11, 13

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Monday, March 11, 13

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1980 1970 1960 1990 Multics Unix (Unics) BSD BSD 4.2 TCP/IP Monday, March 11, 13

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BSD Sockets Monday, March 11, 13

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•socket() •bind() •listen() •accept() •send() and recv() •close() Monday, March 11, 13

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TCP Client Server SYN SYN/ACK Data ACK Data/ACK FIN ACK FIN ACK ACK Monday, March 11, 13

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TCP Client Server SYN SYN/ACK Data ACK Data/ACK FIN ACK FIN ACK ACK Monday, March 11, 13

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TCP Client Server SYN SYN/ACK Data ACK Data/ACK FIN ACK FIN ACK ACK Monday, March 11, 13

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TCP Client Server SYN SYN/ACK Data ACK Data/ACK FIN ACK FIN ACK ACK Monday, March 11, 13

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$ lsof -p 34866 -a -i COMMAND PID TYPE NODE NAME ruby 34866 IPv4 TCP 127.0.0.1:80 (LISTEN) ruby 34866 IPv4 TCP 127.0.0.1:80->127.0.0.1:61898 (ESTABLISHED) Monday, March 11, 13

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HTTP Request GET /index.html HTTP/1.1 User-Agent: curl/7.24.0 Host: www.google.com Accept: */* Monday, March 11, 13

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HTTP Response HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Tue, 05 Mar 2013 23:03:52 GMT Cache-Control: private, max-age=0 Content-Type: text/html Server: gws Transfer-Encoding: chunked Monday, March 11, 13

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There Will be Code Monday, March 11, 13

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require 'socket' NOT_FOUND = "HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\nContent-Length: 9\n\nNot Found" OK = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n" socket = Socket.new(:INET, :STREAM) sockaddr = Socket.sockaddr_in(11080, '127.0.0.1') socket.bind(sockaddr) socket.listen(5) while client_socket = socket.accept[0] path = client_socket.recv(1024).split[1] filename = File.expand_path("../#{path}", __FILE__) if File.file?(filename) contents = File.read(filename) client_socket.send(OK, 0) client_socket.send("Content-Length: #{contents.size}\n\n", 0) client_socket.send("#{contents}", 0) else client_socket.send(NOT_FOUND, 0) end client_socket.close end Monday, March 11, 13

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require 'socket' NOT_FOUND = "HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\nContent-Length: 9\n\nNot Found" OK = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n" socket = Socket.new(:INET, :STREAM) sockaddr = Socket.sockaddr_in(11080, '127.0.0.1') socket.bind(sockaddr) socket.listen(5) while client_socket = socket.accept[0] path = client_socket.recv(1024).split[1] filename = File.expand_path("../#{path}", __FILE__) if File.file?(filename) contents = File.read(filename) client_socket.send(OK, 0) client_socket.send("Content-Length: #{contents.size}\n\n", 0) client_socket.send("#{contents}", 0) else client_socket.send(NOT_FOUND, 0) end client_socket.close end Require the socket lib Monday, March 11, 13

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require 'socket' NOT_FOUND = "HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\nContent-Length: 9\n\nNot Found" OK = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n" socket = Socket.new(:INET, :STREAM) sockaddr = Socket.sockaddr_in(11080, '127.0.0.1') socket.bind(sockaddr) socket.listen(5) while client_socket = socket.accept[0] path = client_socket.recv(1024).split[1] filename = File.expand_path("../#{path}", __FILE__) if File.file?(filename) contents = File.read(filename) client_socket.send(OK, 0) client_socket.send("Content-Length: #{contents.size}\n\n", 0) client_socket.send("#{contents}", 0) else client_socket.send(NOT_FOUND, 0) end client_socket.close end Some constants for later Monday, March 11, 13

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require 'socket' NOT_FOUND = "HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\nContent-Length: 9\n\nNot Found" OK = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n" socket = Socket.new(:INET, :STREAM) sockaddr = Socket.sockaddr_in(11080, '127.0.0.1') socket.bind(sockaddr) socket.listen(5) while client_socket = socket.accept[0] path = client_socket.recv(1024).split[1] filename = File.expand_path("../#{path}", __FILE__) if File.file?(filename) contents = File.read(filename) client_socket.send(OK, 0) client_socket.send("Content-Length: #{contents.size}\n\n", 0) client_socket.send("#{contents}", 0) else client_socket.send(NOT_FOUND, 0) end client_socket.close end socket = Socket.new(:INET, :STREAM) Monday, March 11, 13

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require 'socket' NOT_FOUND = "HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\nContent-Length: 9\n\nNot Found" OK = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n" socket = Socket.new(:INET, :STREAM) sockaddr = Socket.sockaddr_in(11080, '127.0.0.1') socket.bind(sockaddr) socket.listen(5) while client_socket = socket.accept[0] path = client_socket.recv(1024).split[1] filename = File.expand_path("../#{path}", __FILE__) if File.file?(filename) contents = File.read(filename) client_socket.send(OK, 0) client_socket.send("Content-Length: #{contents.size}\n\n", 0) client_socket.send("#{contents}", 0) else client_socket.send(NOT_FOUND, 0) end client_socket.close end sockaddr = Socket.sockaddr_in(11080, '127.0.0.1') socket.bind(sockaddr) Monday, March 11, 13

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require 'socket' NOT_FOUND = "HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\nContent-Length: 9\n\nNot Found" OK = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n" socket = Socket.new(:INET, :STREAM) sockaddr = Socket.sockaddr_in(11080, '127.0.0.1') socket.bind(sockaddr) socket.listen(5) while client_socket = socket.accept[0] path = client_socket.recv(1024).split[1] filename = File.expand_path("../#{path}", __FILE__) if File.file?(filename) contents = File.read(filename) client_socket.send(OK, 0) client_socket.send("Content-Length: #{contents.size}\n\n", 0) client_socket.send("#{contents}", 0) else client_socket.send(NOT_FOUND, 0) end client_socket.close end socket.listen(5) Monday, March 11, 13

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require 'socket' NOT_FOUND = "HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\nContent-Length: 9\n\nNot Found" OK = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n" socket = Socket.new(:INET, :STREAM) sockaddr = Socket.sockaddr_in(11080, '127.0.0.1') socket.bind(sockaddr) socket.listen(5) while client_socket = socket.accept[0] path = client_socket.recv(1024).split[1] filename = File.expand_path("../#{path}", __FILE__) if File.file?(filename) contents = File.read(filename) client_socket.send(OK, 0) client_socket.send("Content-Length: #{contents.size}\n\n", 0) client_socket.send("#{contents}", 0) else client_socket.send(NOT_FOUND, 0) end client_socket.close end while client_socket = socket.accept[0] Monday, March 11, 13

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require 'socket' NOT_FOUND = "HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\nContent-Length: 9\n\nNot Found" OK = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n" socket = Socket.new(:INET, :STREAM) sockaddr = Socket.sockaddr_in(11080, '127.0.0.1') socket.bind(sockaddr) socket.listen(5) while client_socket = socket.accept[0] path = client_socket.recv(1024).split[1] filename = File.expand_path("../#{path}", __FILE__) if File.file?(filename) contents = File.read(filename) client_socket.send(OK, 0) client_socket.send("Content-Length: #{contents.size}\n\n", 0) client_socket.send("#{contents}", 0) else client_socket.send(NOT_FOUND, 0) end client_socket.close end path = client_socket.recv(1024).split[1] Monday, March 11, 13

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require 'socket' NOT_FOUND = "HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\nContent-Length: 9\n\nNot Found" OK = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n" socket = Socket.new(:INET, :STREAM) sockaddr = Socket.sockaddr_in(11080, '127.0.0.1') socket.bind(sockaddr) socket.listen(5) while client_socket = socket.accept[0] path = client_socket.recv(1024).split[1] filename = File.expand_path("../#{path}", __FILE__) if File.file?(filename) contents = File.read(filename) client_socket.send(OK, 0) client_socket.send("Content-Length: #{contents.size}\n\n", 0) client_socket.send("#{contents}", 0) else client_socket.send(NOT_FOUND, 0) end client_socket.close end path = client_socket.recv(1024).split[1] GET /index.html HTTP/1.1 Monday, March 11, 13

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require 'socket' NOT_FOUND = "HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\nContent-Length: 9\n\nNot Found" OK = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n" socket = Socket.new(:INET, :STREAM) sockaddr = Socket.sockaddr_in(11080, '127.0.0.1') socket.bind(sockaddr) socket.listen(5) while client_socket = socket.accept[0] path = client_socket.recv(1024).split[1] filename = File.expand_path("../#{path}", __FILE__) if File.file?(filename) contents = File.read(filename) client_socket.send(OK, 0) client_socket.send("Content-Length: #{contents.size}\n\n", 0) client_socket.send("#{contents}", 0) else client_socket.send(NOT_FOUND, 0) end client_socket.close end filename = File.expand_path("../#{path}", __FILE__) Monday, March 11, 13

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require 'socket' NOT_FOUND = "HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\nContent-Length: 9\n\nNot Found" OK = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n" socket = Socket.new(:INET, :STREAM) sockaddr = Socket.sockaddr_in(11080, '127.0.0.1') socket.bind(sockaddr) socket.listen(5) while client_socket = socket.accept[0] path = client_socket.recv(1024).split[1] filename = File.expand_path("../#{path}", __FILE__) if File.file?(filename) contents = File.read(filename) client_socket.send(OK, 0) client_socket.send("Content-Length: #{contents.size}\n\n", 0) client_socket.send("#{contents}", 0) else client_socket.send(NOT_FOUND, 0) end client_socket.close end if File.file?(filename) Monday, March 11, 13

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require 'socket' NOT_FOUND = "HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\nContent-Length: 9\n\nNot Found" OK = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n" socket = Socket.new(:INET, :STREAM) sockaddr = Socket.sockaddr_in(11080, '127.0.0.1') socket.bind(sockaddr) socket.listen(5) while client_socket = socket.accept[0] path = client_socket.recv(1024).split[1] filename = File.expand_path("../#{path}", __FILE__) if File.file?(filename) contents = File.read(filename) client_socket.send(OK, 0) client_socket.send("Content-Length: #{contents.size}\n\n", 0) client_socket.send("#{contents}", 0) else client_socket.send(NOT_FOUND, 0) end client_socket.close end contents = File.read(filename) client_socket.send(OK, 0) client_socket.send("Content-Length: #{contents.size}\n\n", 0) client_socket.send("#{contents}", 0) Monday, March 11, 13

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require 'socket' NOT_FOUND = "HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\nContent-Length: 9\n\nNot Found" OK = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n" socket = Socket.new(:INET, :STREAM) sockaddr = Socket.sockaddr_in(11080, '127.0.0.1') socket.bind(sockaddr) socket.listen(5) while client_socket = socket.accept[0] path = client_socket.recv(1024).split[1] filename = File.expand_path("../#{path}", __FILE__) if File.file?(filename) contents = File.read(filename) client_socket.send(OK, 0) client_socket.send("Content-Length: #{contents.size}\n\n", 0) client_socket.send("#{contents}", 0) else client_socket.send(NOT_FOUND, 0) end client_socket.close end contents = File.read(filename) client_socket.send(OK, 0) client_socket.send("Content-Length: #{contents.size}\n\n", 0) client_socket.send("#{contents}", 0) OK = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n" Monday, March 11, 13

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require 'socket' NOT_FOUND = "HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\nContent-Length: 9\n\nNot Found" OK = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n" socket = Socket.new(:INET, :STREAM) sockaddr = Socket.sockaddr_in(11080, '127.0.0.1') socket.bind(sockaddr) socket.listen(5) while client_socket = socket.accept[0] path = client_socket.recv(1024).split[1] filename = File.expand_path("../#{path}", __FILE__) if File.file?(filename) contents = File.read(filename) client_socket.send(OK, 0) client_socket.send("Content-Length: #{contents.size}\n\n", 0) client_socket.send("#{contents}", 0) else client_socket.send(NOT_FOUND, 0) end client_socket.close end client_socket.send(NOT_FOUND, 0) Monday, March 11, 13

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require 'socket' NOT_FOUND = "HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\nContent-Length: 9\n\nNot Found" OK = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n" socket = Socket.new(:INET, :STREAM) sockaddr = Socket.sockaddr_in(11080, '127.0.0.1') socket.bind(sockaddr) socket.listen(5) while client_socket = socket.accept[0] path = client_socket.recv(1024).split[1] filename = File.expand_path("../#{path}", __FILE__) if File.file?(filename) contents = File.read(filename) client_socket.send(OK, 0) client_socket.send("Content-Length: #{contents.size}\n\n", 0) client_socket.send("#{contents}", 0) else client_socket.send(NOT_FOUND, 0) end client_socket.close end client_socket.send(NOT_FOUND, 0) NOT_FOUND = "HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\nContent-Length: 9\n\nNot Found" Monday, March 11, 13

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require 'socket' NOT_FOUND = "HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\nContent-Length: 9\n\nNot Found" OK = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n" socket = Socket.new(:INET, :STREAM) sockaddr = Socket.sockaddr_in(11080, '127.0.0.1') socket.bind(sockaddr) socket.listen(5) while client_socket = socket.accept[0] path = client_socket.recv(1024).split[1] filename = File.expand_path("../#{path}", __FILE__) if File.file?(filename) contents = File.read(filename) client_socket.send(OK, 0) client_socket.send("Content-Length: #{contents.size}\n\n", 0) client_socket.send("#{contents}", 0) else client_socket.send(NOT_FOUND, 0) end client_socket.close end client_socket.close Monday, March 11, 13

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require 'socket' NOT_FOUND = "HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\nContent-Length: 9\n\nNot Found" OK = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n" socket = Socket.new(:INET, :STREAM) sockaddr = Socket.sockaddr_in(11080, '127.0.0.1') socket.bind(sockaddr) socket.listen(5) while client_socket = socket.accept[0] path = client_socket.recv(1024).split[1] filename = File.expand_path("../#{path}", __FILE__) if File.file?(filename) contents = File.read(filename) client_socket.send(OK, 0) client_socket.send("Content-Length: #{contents.size}\n\n", 0) client_socket.send("#{contents}", 0) else client_socket.send(NOT_FOUND, 0) end client_socket.close end Monday, March 11, 13

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def new_ipv6_server(addr, port, opt) opt.key?(:ipv6only) or return Kgio::TCPServer.new(addr, port) defined?(IPV6_V6ONLY) or abort "Socket::IPV6_V6ONLY not defined, upgrade Ruby and/or your OS" sock = Socket.new(AF_INET6, SOCK_STREAM, 0) sock.setsockopt(IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_V6ONLY, opt[:ipv6only] ? 1 : 0) sock.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1) sock.bind(Socket.pack_sockaddr_in(port, addr)) IO_PURGATORY << sock Kgio::TCPServer.for_fd(sock.fileno) end ret = IO.select(l, nil, SELF_PIPE, @timeout) and ready = ret[0] Unicorn Monday, March 11, 13

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def new_ipv6_server(addr, port, opt) opt.key?(:ipv6only) or return Kgio::TCPServer.new(addr, port) defined?(IPV6_V6ONLY) or abort "Socket::IPV6_V6ONLY not defined, upgrade Ruby and/or your OS" sock = Socket.new(AF_INET6, SOCK_STREAM, 0) sock.setsockopt(IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_V6ONLY, opt[:ipv6only] ? 1 : 0) sock.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1) sock.bind(Socket.pack_sockaddr_in(port, addr)) IO_PURGATORY << sock Kgio::TCPServer.for_fd(sock.fileno) end ret = IO.select(l, nil, SELF_PIPE, @timeout) and ready = ret[0] Unicorn sock = Socket.new(AF_INET6, SOCK_STREAM, 0) Monday, March 11, 13

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def new_ipv6_server(addr, port, opt) opt.key?(:ipv6only) or return Kgio::TCPServer.new(addr, port) defined?(IPV6_V6ONLY) or abort "Socket::IPV6_V6ONLY not defined, upgrade Ruby and/or your OS" sock = Socket.new(AF_INET6, SOCK_STREAM, 0) sock.setsockopt(IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_V6ONLY, opt[:ipv6only] ? 1 : 0) sock.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1) sock.bind(Socket.pack_sockaddr_in(port, addr)) IO_PURGATORY << sock Kgio::TCPServer.for_fd(sock.fileno) end ret = IO.select(l, nil, SELF_PIPE, @timeout) and ready = ret[0] Unicorn sock.bind( Socket.pack_sockaddr_in(port, addr)) Monday, March 11, 13

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def new_ipv6_server(addr, port, opt) opt.key?(:ipv6only) or return Kgio::TCPServer.new(addr, port) defined?(IPV6_V6ONLY) or abort "Socket::IPV6_V6ONLY not defined, upgrade Ruby and/or your OS" sock = Socket.new(AF_INET6, SOCK_STREAM, 0) sock.setsockopt(IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_V6ONLY, opt[:ipv6only] ? 1 : 0) sock.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1) sock.bind(Socket.pack_sockaddr_in(port, addr)) IO_PURGATORY << sock Kgio::TCPServer.for_fd(sock.fileno) end ret = IO.select(l, nil, SELF_PIPE, @timeout) and ready = ret[0] Unicorn IO.select(l, nil, SELF_PIPE, @timeout) Monday, March 11, 13

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Thanks! @adelcambre Monday, March 11, 13