The Cloud-Native Solution of
Integrate Satellite Ground Station System and
Telecommunication Network System
National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University
Arete Honors Program Students
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The Design of Traditional Satellite Ground Station
RF
equipment
Baseband
equipment
Signal
Processing
equipment
K band
Antenna
RF
equipment
Baseband
equipment
Signal
Processing
equipment
C band
Antenna
Connect to
MOCC
Connect to
MOCC
Customize each ground station system
for each different frequency band
Proprietary
waveform
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Communication
Antenna
Communication
Antenna
CoTS USRP
Including component:
• Converter
• Modem (A/D, D/A)
• Digitalizer
Signal
processing
Equipment
Ethernet
Tracking
Antenna
Tracking
Antenna
In communication
Nearby satellites
IP
Currently is Impossible to Smoothly Interface
with Ground Telecom Networks
(Still Need a Network Devices “Gateway”)
Wi-Fi Router
Wi-Fi Router
5G Base Station
5G Base Station
Gateway
Cannot Smoothly Interface with Ground Telecom Networks
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Solutions of Reduce Satellite Ground Station Development
Because the development cost of customizing each ground station system for
each different Satellite band is too high.
Therefore, various ground station solutions have been designed one after
another.
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Hardware-based satellite ground operations architecture
Source: A Software-Defined Baseband for Satellite Ground Operations
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SDR-based satellite ground operations architecture
Source: A Software-Defined Baseband for Satellite Ground Operations
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Source: A Software-Defined Baseband for Satellite Ground Operations
The signal processing part of the SDR-based Ground operations architecture
can use a more powerful GPP or a VM/Private cloud of GPPs to realize a full
software-defined TT&C ground station.
SDR-based Satellite Ground Operations Architecture
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Source: A Software-Defined Baseband for Satellite Ground Operations
The most advanced solution for the “Signal Processing Component” part of
SDR-based satellite ground stations currently uses VNF.
SDR-based Satellite Ground Operations Architecture
Signal Processing Component
However, Cloud-Native Architecture has become a Future Trend.
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O-RAN NF is Moving from Physical to Virtual
And Moving Toward Cloud-Native!
O-RAN High Level Architecture
Ground Telecom Network (O-RAN)
also Moving Toward to Cloud-Native
In the red box is NF; Network Function
Source: O-RAN.WG6.O2-GA&P-R003-v04.00
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Cloud Stack (Containers/VMs, OS, Mgmt.)
O-DU
RIC O-CU
AAL AAL
O-Cloud
O-Cloud Physical Infra Node
FPGA
x86 ASIC GPU
O-RAN O-Cloud
Support Deployment with Container NF
O-Cloud provides NFs basic management services
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Ground Station
(SDR Platform)
5G Base Station
(Open RAN)
API
Physical NF -> Container NF
“OAM Cost” & “Space Occupied”
Cloud-Native Reduce
Smooth Connection via Open API
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Cloud
Platform
Reimagining Ground Station
with Cloud-Native
Ground Station & 5G Station As a Service
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ETE/ Service Orchestration System (ONAP)
Reimagining the Use of Cloud-Native to
Integrate Ground station System and Telecom Networks
Cloud Infrastructure Cloud Infrastructure
CNF CNF CNF
CNF
Private Cloud (O-RAN)
CNF CNF CNF
CNF
Private Cloud(SDR) for signal processing
Transport
Network
K8s API
K8s API K8s API
K8s API
K8s operator K8s operator
Nephio Automation Layer