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DYNAMIC TERRAIN VISUALIZATION KONSTANTIN KÄFER

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DEM Data source: USGS NED

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DEM Data source: USGS NED

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1 1 2 2 1 1 dX Data source: USGS NED

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1 2 1 1 2 1 dY Data source: USGS NED

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2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 dX + dY Data source: USGS NED

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SLOPE Data source: USGS NED

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ASPECT Data source: USGS NED

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HILL SHADING • s: slope • a: aspect • z: zenith • m: azimuth Data source: USGS NED

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AZIMUTH Data source: USGS NED

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ACTUAL SHADING Data source: USGS NED

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IS IT FAST?

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IS IT FAST? • Per fragment, we need to look at 8 surrounding pixels • Too slow for many mobile devices

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PREPROCESS!

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dX + dY Data source: USGS NED

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Data source: USGS NED

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Data source: USGS NED

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Data source: USGS NED

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OPENNESS

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OPENNESS

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OPENNESS

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OPENNESS

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OPENNESS

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IS IT FAST?

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IS IT FAST? • Per fragment, we need to look at 256+ pixels
 (8 directions, 32 pixel radius) • Pre-processing on the CPU is very slow
 (250+ ms per tile)

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PREPROCESS!

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PREPROCESS! • Independent of lighting direction • Well-suited to GPU, but also slow
 due to lots of texture lookups

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Data source: USGS NED

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dX + dYData source: USGS NED

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OPENNESS Data source: USGS NED

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R: dX G: dY B: OPENNESS Data source: USGS NED

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TILES

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Data source: USGS NED

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Data source: USGS NED

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MIP MAPPING

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Data source: USGS NED

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Data source: USGS NED

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Data source: USGS NED

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Data source: USGS NED

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Data source: USGS NED

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Data source: USGS NED

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Data source: USGS NED

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Data source: USGS NED

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Data source: USGS NED

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Data source: USGS NED

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Data source: USGS NED

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1 2 4 8 16 32 64 1px

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1px 45° 1m

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1px 2m ~63.5° Δ ~18.5°

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8px ~8° 1m

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8px ~14° 2m Δ 6°

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Data source: USGS NED

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Data source: USGS NED

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Data source: USGS NED