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CA.apk #3 Google I/O 2017 ใࠂձ @CyberAgent Masaki Ogata ArchitectureComponents Lifecycle library :)

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ࣗݾ঺հ Masaki Ogata CyberAgent, Inc. / AbemaTV, Inc. ogaclejapan @ogaclejapan New

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͍ͭʹ… ॳ౰બ͠·ͨ͠

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ॳI/O ŝŦŝŦŝŦŝŦᴸᴸᴸ ƅ㱼ƅ㲇 ƅ㱼ƅ㲇ƅ㱼ƅ)㲇ƅ㱼ƅ)ᴸᴸᴸᴸ!!

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Google Keynote

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Google Keynote

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What’s new for Android TV

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Single Codebase, Two Apps with Flutter and Firebase

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Google Play Awards

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Google Play Awards

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allprojects { repositories { jcenter() maven { url 'https://maven.google.com' } } } dependencies { compile "android.arch.lifecycle:runtime:1.0.0-alpha1" compile "android.arch.lifecycle:extensions:1.0.0-alpha1" annotationProcessor "android.arch.lifecycle:compiler: 1.0.0-alpha1" } 1. Add the Google Maven repository 2. Add Architecture Components - Lifecycle

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Handling Lifecycles

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ϥΠϑαΠΫϧΛ΋ͭ͜ͱΛࣔ͢ΠϯλϑΣʔε • LifecycleOwner public interface LifecycleOwner { Lifecycle getLifecycle(); } • LifecycleRegistryOwner (※Temporary) public interface LifecycleRegistryOwner extends LifecycleOwner { @Override LifecycleRegistry getLifecycle(); }

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ݱঢ়Ͱ͸LifecycleActivity, LifecycleFragment, LifecycleServiceΫϥε͕ϥΠϒϥϦ಺ʹ༻ҙ͞Ε͍ͯΔ public class LifecycleActivity extends FragmentActivity implements LifecycleRegistryOwner { private final LifecycleRegistry mRegistry = new LifecycleRegistry(this); @Override public LifecycleRegistry getLifecycle() { return mRegistry; } } ※Alpha൛ͩͱAppCompatActivity൛͸࣮૷͍ͯ͠ͳ͍

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AppCompatActivityͰLifecycleΛࢼ͍ͨ͠ਓ͸ࣗલͰ public class LifecycleCompatActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements LifecycleRegistryOwner { private final LifecycleRegistry mRegistry = new LifecycleRegistry(this); @Override public LifecycleRegistry getLifecycle() { return mRegistry; } } Ϋϥε಺ͷ࣮૷ίʔυ͸LifecycleActivityͱશ͘ಉ͡ɻ
 ͜Ε͚ͩͰࣗಈతʹϥΠϑαΠΫϧʹԠͯͪ͡ΌΜͱಈ͘

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ϥΠϑαΠΫϧΛ؍ଌ͢ΔͨΊͷΠϯλϑΣʔε • LifecycleObserver public interface LifecycleObserver { }

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ϥΠϑαΠΫϧΛ؍ଌ͢ΔͨΊͷΠϯλϑΣʔε • LifecycleObserver public interface LifecycleObserver { } public class FooObserver implements LifecycleObserver { @OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_START) void start() { /* Start something. */ } @OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_STOP) void stop() { /* Stop something. */ } }

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͋ͱ͸LifecycleOwnerͷLifecycleΫϥεʹadd͢Δ͚ͩ public class FooActivity extends LifecycleActivity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); ... getLifecycle().addObserver(new FooObserver()); } }

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͋ͱ͸LifecycleOwnerͷLifecycleΫϥεʹadd͢Δ͚ͩ public class FooActivity extends LifecycleActivity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); ... getLifecycle().addObserver(new FooObserver()); } } FooActivity: ⇠ onStart [0ms] FooObserver: Start something. FooActivity: ⇢ onResume() ... FooActivity: ⇠ onPause [0ms] FooObserver: Stop something. FooActivity: ⇢ onStop() ActivityͷϥΠϑαΠΫϧʹϩά Λ࢓ࠐΜͰ࣮ߦͯ͠ΈΔͱ…

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“Lifecycle-aware components” public class FooObserver implements LifecycleObserver { public FooObserver(Lifecycle lifecycle) { ... this.lifecycle.addObserver(this); } @OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_START) void start() { /* Start something. */ } @OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_STOP) void stop() { /* "Stop something." */ } @OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_DESTROY) void cleanup() { lifecycle.removeObserver(this); } }

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LifecycleΫϥε public abstract class Lifecycle { public abstract void addObserver(LifecycleObserver observer); public abstract void removeObserver(LifecycleObserver observer); public abstract State getCurrentState(); public enum Event { ON_CREATE, ON_START, ...ON_ANY } public enum State { DESTROYED, INITIALIZED, CREATED, STARTED, RESUMED; public boolean isAtLeast(State state) { return compareTo(state) >= 0; } } }

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LifecycleΫϥε public abstract class Lifecycle { public abstract void addObserver(LifecycleObserver observer); public abstract void removeObserver(LifecycleObserver observer); public abstract State getCurrentState(); public enum Event { ON_CREATE, ON_START, ...ON_ANY } public enum State { DESTROYED, INITIALIZED, CREATED, STARTED, RESUMED; public boolean isAtLeast(State state) { return compareTo(state) >= 0; } } }

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https://developer.android.com/topic/libraries/architecture/lifecycle.html class MyLocationListener implements LifecycleObserver { public void enable() { enabled = true; if (lifecycle.getState().isAtLeast(STARTED)) { // connect if not connected } }

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Deep dive into Lifecycles

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1. LifecycleObserverͷ಺෦࣮૷͸ʁ

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AnnotationProcessorʹΑΓࣗಈੜ੒͞ΕͨFooObserver public class FooObserver_LifecycleAdapter implements GenericLifecycleObserver { final FooObserver mReceiver; ... @Override public void onStateChanged(LifecycleOwner owner, Lifecycle.Event event) { if (event == Lifecycle.Event.ON_START) { mReceiver.start(); } if (event == Lifecycle.Event.ON_STOP) { mReceiver.stop(); } } } ※GenericLifecycleObserver͸@hideͳΫϥε

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LifecycleRegistryΫϥε public class LifecycleRegistry extends Lifecycle { @Override public void addObserver(LifecycleObserver observer) { ObserverWithState observerWithState = new ObserverWithState(observer); mObserverSet.putIfAbsent(observer, observerWithState); observerWithState.sync(); } ... class ObserverWithState { private State mObserverCurrentState = INITIALIZED; private GenericLifecycleObserver mCallback; ObserverWithState(LifecycleObserver observer) { mCallback = Lifecycling.getCallback(observer); } }

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LifecycleRegistryΫϥε public class LifecycleRegistry extends Lifecycle { @Override public void addObserver(LifecycleObserver observer) { ObserverWithState observerWithState = new ObserverWithState(observer); mObserverSet.putIfAbsent(observer, observerWithState); observerWithState.sync(); } ... class ObserverWithState { private State mObserverCurrentState = INITIALIZED; private GenericLifecycleObserver mCallback; ObserverWithState(LifecycleObserver observer) { mCallback = Lifecycling.getCallback(observer); } }

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LifecyclingΫϥε class Lifecycling { static GenericLifecycleObserver getCallback(Object object) { ... final Class> klass = object.getClass(); ... cachedConstructor = getGeneratedAdapterConstructor(klass); ... return new ReflectiveGenericLifecycleObserver(object); ... static String getAdapterName(String className) { return className.replace(".", "_") + "_LifecycleAdapter"; }

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2. Lifecycle.Eventͷൃ৴͸ҰମͲ͔͜Βʁ

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AndroidManifest (packaged)ʹո͛͠ͳprovider͕… ... (*´ŋωŋ`)̾̌˓( ͤΊͯެࣜυΩϡϝϯτʹॻ͍ͯ͘ΕΑ͒͒ɻɻɻ)

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LifecycleRuntimeTrojanProviderΫϥε public class LifecycleRuntimeTrojanProvider extends ContentProvider { @Override public boolean onCreate() { LifecycleDispatcher.init(getContext()); ProcessLifecycleOwner.init(getContext()); return true; } ... Firebase͕ར༻͍ͯ͠ΔContentProviderΛར༻ͨ͠ॳظԽHack ʢ҉໧తʹApplicationͷonCreateΑΓ΋ઌʹॳظԽΛ࣮ߦͰ͖Δʣ ʮHow does Firebase initialize on Android?ʯ https://firebase.googleblog.com/2016/12/how-does-firebase-initialize-on-android.html

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LifecycleDispatcherΫϥεͰ΍͍ͬͯΔ͜ͱʢͬ͘͟Γʣ • initॲཧͰActivityLifecycleCallbacks΁ίʔϧόοΫొ࿥ • onActivityCreatedͰ”ReportFragment”ͷ௥Ճͱ FragmentLifecycleCallbacks΁ίʔϧόοΫొ࿥ • onFragmentCreatedͰFragment͕ LifecycleRegistryOwnerΛ࣮૷͍ͯ͠Ε ͹”DestructionReportFragment”Λ௥Ճ • ֤LifecycleCallbacks಺ͰLifecycleRegistryOwnerΛ࣮૷ ͍ͯ͠Ε͹LifecycleRegistryʹରͯ͠”markState()” ͱ”handleLifecycleEvent()”ͷߋ৽ΛҰ෦୲͏

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LifecycleDispatcherΫϥεͰ΍͍ͬͯΔ͜ͱʢͬ͘͟Γʣ • initॲཧͰActivityLifecycleCallbacks΁ίʔϧόοΫొ࿥ • onActivityCreatedͰ”ReportFragment”ͷ௥Ճͱ FragmentLifecycleCallbacks΁ίʔϧόοΫొ࿥ • onFragmentCreatedͰFragment͕ LifecycleRegistryOwnerΛ࣮૷͍ͯ͠Ε ͹”DestructionReportFragment”Λ௥Ճ • ֤LifecycleCallbacks಺ͰLifecycleRegistryOwnerΛ࣮૷ ͍ͯ͠Ε͹LifecycleRegistryʹରͯ͠”markState()” ͱ”handleLifecycleEvent()”ͷߋ৽ΛҰ෦୲͏

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LifecycleDispatcherΫϥεͰ΍͍ͬͯΔ͜ͱʢͬ͘͟Γʣ • initॲཧͰActivityLifecycleCallbacks΁ίʔϧόοΫొ࿥ • onActivityCreatedͰ”ReportFragment”ͷ௥Ճͱ FragmentLifecycleCallbacks΁ίʔϧόοΫొ࿥ • onFragmentCreatedͰFragment͕ LifecycleRegistryOwnerΛ࣮૷͍ͯ͠Ε ͹”DestructionReportFragment”Λ௥Ճ • ֤LifecycleCallbacks಺ͰLifecycleRegistryOwnerΛ࣮૷ ͍ͯ͠Ε͹LifecycleRegistryʹରͯ͠”markState()” ͱ”handleLifecycleEvent()”ͷߋ৽ΛҰ෦୲͏

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LifecycleDispatcherΫϥεͰ΍͍ͬͯΔ͜ͱʢͬ͘͟Γʣ • initॲཧͰActivityLifecycleCallbacks΁ίʔϧόοΫొ࿥ • onActivityCreatedͰ”ReportFragment”ͷ௥Ճͱ FragmentLifecycleCallbacks΁ίʔϧόοΫొ࿥ • onFragmentCreatedͰFragment͕ LifecycleRegistryOwnerΛ࣮૷͍ͯ͠Ε ͹”DestructionReportFragment”Λ௥Ճ • ֤LifecycleCallbacks಺ͰLifecycleRegistryOwnerΛ࣮૷ ͍ͯ͠Ε͹LifecycleRegistryʹରͯ͠”markState()” ͱ”handleLifecycleEvent()”ͷߋ৽ΛҰ෦୲͏

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ReportFragmentΫϥε public class ReportFragment extends Fragment { public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) { ... dispatch(Lifecycle.Event.ON_CREATE); } ... private void dispatch(Lifecycle.Event event) { if (getActivity() instanceof LifecycleRegistryOwner) { ((LifecycleRegistryOwner) getActivity()).getLifecycle().handleLifecycleEvent(event); } } LifecycleRegistryOwnerΛ࣮૷ͨ͠Activity΁ͷϥΠϑαΠΫϧมߋ Πϕϯτ͸͢΂ͯReportFragment಺Ͱݺ͹Ε͍ͯΔ

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͏ʔΜɺ૝૾Ҏ্ʹཪͰ৭ʑ΍ͬͯͨɻɻ

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LiveData

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LiveDataΫϥε • ஋ͷߋ৽Λ҆શʹObserver΁௨஌Մೳ
 -> LifecycleOwnerͷState͕STARTED or RESUMED࣌ͷΈ௨஌ • Lifecycle-aware components. 
 -> LifecycleOwnerͷState͕DESTROYED࣌͸observerΛࣗಈղআ public abstract class LiveData { @MainThread public void observe(LifecycleOwner owner, Observer observer) { ... } protected void postValue(T value) { ... } @MainThread protected void setValue(T value) { ... } public T getValue() { ... } ... }

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LiveDataͷ࢓૊Έ State: STARTED or RESUMED State: CREATED Observer LiveData setValue(“Foo”) : version = 0 observe() onChange(“Foo”) setValue(“Bar”) : version = 1 pending onChange(“Bar”) lastVersion = 0 lastVersion = 1 setValue(“CA”) : version = 2 lastVersion = -1 initial : version = -1 setValue(“apk”) : version = 3 onChange(“apk”) lastVersion = 3 pending ※version͕ಉ͡ͳͷͰ௨஌͠ͳ͍

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MutableLiveDataΫϥε public class MutableLiveData extends LiveData { @Override public void postValue(T value) { super.postValue(value); } @Override public void setValue(T value) { super.setValue(value); } } • postValue() / setValue()Λpublicείʔϓ΁มߋ
 -> ObservableField΍BehaviorSubjectΈ͍ͨͳ஋ͷมߋݕ஌͕Ͱ ͖ΔϓϩύςΟͱͯ͠࢖͑ͦ͏

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TimerLiveDataΫϥε (Custom) public class TimerLiveData extends LiveData { private final Runnable TimeUpdater = new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { setValue(elapsedTime += 1000L); handler.postDelayed(TimeUpdater, 1000L); } }; private final Handler handler = new Handler(); private long elapsedTime = 0L; @Override protected void onActive() { handler.postDelayed(TimeUpdater, 1000L); } @Override protected void onInactive() { handler.removeCallbacks(TimeUpdater); } }

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TimerLiveDataΫϥε (Custom) public class TimerLiveData extends LiveData { private final Runnable TimeUpdater = new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { setValue(elapsedTime += 1000L); handler.postDelayed(TimeUpdater, 1000L); } }; private final Handler handler = new Handler(); private long elapsedTime = 0L; @Override protected void onActive() { handler.postDelayed(TimeUpdater, 1000L); } @Override protected void onInactive() { handler.removeCallbacks(TimeUpdater); } }

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LiveData userName = Transformations.map(userLiveData, user -> { user.name + " " + user.lastName }); Transformations MediatorLiveData https://developer.android.com/reference/android/arch/lifecycle/MediatorLiveData.html https://developer.android.com/reference/android/arch/lifecycle/Transformations.html -> ಠࣗͳTransformationsΛ৽ͨʹఆٛ͢Δͱ͖ʹ࢖͑Δ -> LiveDataͷ஋ΛՃ޻͢Δ (ݱঢ়͸map, switchMapͷΈ)

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ViewModel

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ViewModelΫϥε public abstract class ViewModel { protected void onCleared() { } } ViewModelProviders.of(activity) .get(FooViewModel.class) ViewModelStores.of(activity) HolderFragmentੜ੒
 -> setRetainInstance(true)

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https://speakerdeck.com/ogaclejapan/how-to-keep-data-between-orientation-changes

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ViewModelΫϥεར༻࣌ͷ஫ҙ఺ • Activity࠶ੜ੒Λލ͍Ͱσʔλ͕อ࣋͞ΕΔͷͰɺActivity΍ ViewɺResourceͳͲΛอ࣋͢ΔͱϝϞϦϦʔΫ͢Δ :( Ͳ͏ͯ͠΋ViewModel಺ͰContextΛ࢖͍͍ͨͱ͖ʹ͸Application ΫϥεΛอ࣋͢ΔAndroidViewModelΛ࢖͍·͠ΐ͏ public class AndroidViewModel extends ViewModel { private Application mApplication; public AndroidViewModel(Application application) { mApplication = application; } public T getApplication() { return (T) mApplication; } }

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Architecture componentsͰਪ঑͞ΕΔΞʔΩςΫνϟ https://developer.android.com/topic/libraries/architecture/guide.html#the_final_architecture

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ࢀߟࢿྉ

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• ެࣜΨΠυ https://developer.android.com/topic/libraries/architecture/index.html • ެࣜαϯϓϧ https://github.com/googlesamples/android-architecture-components Architecture Components ࢀߟϦϯΫ • I/O ηογϣϯಈը Architecture Components - Introduction
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FrteWKKVyzI Architecture Components - Solving the Lifecycle Problem
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bEKNi1JOrNs

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ࠓޙʹظ଴ʂʂ