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Perl's Syntactic Legacy Using the future to improve the past

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#eatfirst

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$785.00!!!!

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#dammitcancer

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Perl's Syntactic Legacy Using the future to improve the past

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Legacy /ˈlɛɡəsɪ/ ! adjective ! of or relating to old or outdated computer hardware, software, or data that, while still functional, does not work well with up-to-date systems.

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/ˈlɛɡəsɪ/ ! noun ! something handed down or received from an ancestor or predecessor Legacy

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/ˈlɛɡəsɪ/ ! noun ! something handed down or received from an ancestor or predecessor Legacy descendant or successor

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This talk is about

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This talk is about ‣ the evolution of a design

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This talk is about ‣ the evolution of a design ‣ the slow breakdown of my own stubbornness

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Learning

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Learning The act of present $you realizing how stupid past $you was being

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meta(data)

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STEVAN [email protected] stevan @stevanlittle cpan: email: github: twitter:

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1998

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2002

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2004

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2005

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2006

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2011

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mop?

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Classes, Methods, Attributes & Instances

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... an abstraction of a system of abstractions that is used to build abstractions.

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... an abstraction of a system of abstractions that is used to build abstractions.

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... an abstraction of a system of abstractions that is used to build abstractions.

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... an abstraction of a system of abstractions that is used to build abstractions.

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*{$pkg . '::foo'} = \&bar;

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p5-mop

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Goals

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Goals 1. class attributes (slots)

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Goals 1. class attributes (slots) 2. class/method vs. package/sub

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Goals 1. class attributes (slots) 2. class/method vs. package/sub 3. role composition

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Goals 1. class attributes (slots) 2. class/method vs. package/sub 3. role composition 4. introspection API

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Goals 1. class attributes (slots) 2. class/method vs. package/sub 3. role composition 4. introspection API 5. improve OO syntax

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package Point; ! sub new { my $class = shift; bless { x => 0, y => 0 }, $class; } ! sub clear { my $self = shift; $self->{x} = 0; $self->{y} = 0; }

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class Point { ! has $x = 0; has $y = 0; ! method clear { ($x, $y) = (0, 0); } }

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package Point; ! sub new { my $class = shift; bless { x => 0, y => 0 }, $class; } ! sub clear { my $self = shift; $self->{x} = 0; $self->{y} = 0; }

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class Point { ! has $x = 0; has $y = 0; ! method clear { ($x, $y) = (0, 0); } }

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package Point; ! sub new { my $class = shift; bless { x => 0, y => 0 }, $class; } ! sub clear { my $self = shift; $self->{x} = 0; $self->{y} = 0; }

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package Point; ! sub new :method { my $class = shift; bless { x => 0, y => 0 }, $class; } ! sub clear :method { my $self = shift; $self->{x} = 0; $self->{y} = 0; }

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class Point { ! has $x = 0; has $y = 0; ! method clear { ($x, $y) = (0, 0); } }

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package Point; ! sub new { my $class = shift; bless { x => 0, y => 0 }, $class; } ! sub clear { my $self = shift; $self->{x} = 0; $self->{y} = 0; }

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package Point; ! sub new { my $class = shift; bless { x => 0, y => 0 }, $class; } ! sub clear { my $self = shift; $self->{x} = 0; $self->{y} = 0; }

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class Point { ! has $x = 0; has $y = 0; ! method clear { ($x, $y) = (0, 0); } }

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class Point { ! has $x = 0; has $y = 0; ! method clear { ($x, $y) = (0, 0); } }

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package Point; ! sub new { my $class = shift; bless { x => 0, y => 0 }, $class; } ! sub clear { my $self = shift; $self->{x} = 0; $self->{y} = 0; }

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class Point { ! has $x = 0; has $y = 0; ! method clear { ($x, $y) = (0, 0); } }

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Moose

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Perl 5 Core Class::MOP Moose

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Perl 5 Core Class::MOP Moose

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p5-mop

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Perl 5 Core mop.pm

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Perl 5 Core mop.pm

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Throw the first one away!

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PadWalker.pm

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PadWalker.pm

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Who is going to maintain this?!!!?!?!

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moe

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-Ofun

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ಠ_ಠ

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My Moe Wishlist • A more consistent syntax and sane grammar • with a real AST • and better tooling support • A less insane runtime • proper MOP (everything is an object) • slimmer core • easy (non-XS) extension mechanism • On a modern VM platform • JVM / CLR / LLVM / V8 • cross language sharing

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CPAN

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p5-mop-redux

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Perl 5 Core mop.pm

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Perl 5 Core mop.pm

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package Foo; use strict; use warnings; ! use Variable::Magic qw[ wizard cast ]; use Hash::Util::FieldHash qw[ fieldhash ]; ! fieldhash my %foo; ! my $wiz = wizard( data => sub { $_[1] }, set => sub { $_[1]->[0]->{ $_[1]->[1] } = $_[0] }, ); ! sub foo { my $self = shift; my $foo = $foo{$self}; cast $foo, $wiz, [ \%foo, $self ]; ! $foo = shift if @_; $foo; }

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package Foo; use strict; use warnings; ! use Variable::Magic qw[ wizard cast ]; use Hash::Util::FieldHash qw[ fieldhash ]; ! fieldhash my %foo; ! my $wiz = wizard( data => sub { $_[1] }, set => sub { $_[1]->[0]->{ $_[1]->[1] } = $_[0] }, ); ! sub foo { my $self = shift; my $foo = $foo{$self}; cast $foo, $wiz, [ \%foo, $self ]; ! $foo = shift if @_; $foo; }

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package Foo; use strict; use warnings; ! use Variable::Magic qw[ wizard cast ]; use Hash::Util::FieldHash qw[ fieldhash ]; ! fieldhash my %foo; ! my $wiz = wizard( data => sub { $_[1] }, set => sub { $_[1]->[0]->{ $_[1]->[1] } = $_[0] }, ); ! sub foo { my $self = shift; my $foo = $foo{$self}; cast $foo, $wiz, [ \%foo, $self ]; ! $foo = shift if @_; $foo; }

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package Foo; use strict; use warnings; ! use Variable::Magic qw[ wizard cast ]; use Hash::Util::FieldHash qw[ fieldhash ]; ! fieldhash my %foo; ! my $wiz = wizard( data => sub { $_[1] }, set => sub { $_[1]->[0]->{ $_[1]->[1] } = $_[0] }, ); ! sub foo { my $self = shift; my $foo = $foo{$self}; cast $foo, $wiz, [ \%foo, $self ]; ! $foo = shift if @_; $foo; }

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package Foo; use strict; use warnings; ! use Variable::Magic qw[ wizard cast ]; use Hash::Util::FieldHash qw[ fieldhash ]; ! fieldhash my %foo; ! my $wiz = wizard( data => sub { $_[1] }, set => sub { $_[1]->[0]->{ $_[1]->[1] } = $_[0] }, ); ! sub foo { my $self = shift; my $foo = $foo{$self}; cast $foo, $wiz, [ \%foo, $self ]; ! $foo = shift if @_; $foo; }

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package Foo; use strict; use warnings; ! use Variable::Magic qw[ wizard cast ]; use Hash::Util::FieldHash qw[ fieldhash ]; ! fieldhash my %foo; ! my $wiz = wizard( data => sub { $_[1] }, set => sub { $_[1]->[0]->{ $_[1]->[1] } = $_[0] }, ); ! sub foo { my $self = shift; my $foo = $foo{$self}; cast $foo, $wiz, [ \%foo, $self ]; ! $foo = shift if @_; $foo; }

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package Foo; use strict; use warnings; ! has ‘foo’; ! method foo { $foo = shift if @_; $foo; }

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Devel::(every day i’m segfaultin)::Declare

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Everything should be as simple as it can be, but not simpler. – Albert Einstein

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It can scarcely be denied that the supreme goal of all theory is to make the irreducible basic elements as simple and as few as possible without having to surrender the adequate representation of a single datum of experience.

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• Plack

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• Plack • HTTP::Headers::ActionPack

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• Plack • HTTP::Headers::ActionPack • Promises

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• Plack • HTTP::Headers::ActionPack • Promises • Bread::Board

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• Plack • HTTP::Headers::ActionPack • Promises • Bread::Board • Reply

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• Plack • HTTP::Headers::ActionPack • Promises • Bread::Board • Reply • Forward::Routes

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• Plack • HTTP::Headers::ActionPack • Promises • Bread::Board • Reply • Forward::Routes • Action::Retry

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• Plack • HTTP::Headers::ActionPack • Promises • Bread::Board • Reply • Forward::Routes • Action::Retry • Hashids

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• Plack • HTTP::Headers::ActionPack • Promises • Bread::Board • Reply • Forward::Routes • Action::Retry • Hashids • Net::IPAddress::Util

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200 OK

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Perl 5 Core mop.pm

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Perl 5 Core mop.pm

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Perl 5 Core mop.pm

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Perl 5 Core mop.pm

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Perl 5 Core mop.pm XS

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p5-mop-XS

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Perl 5 Core

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mop.xs Perl 5 Core

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p5-mop-again-seriously-wtf

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sub foo; # required method

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$ perl -MDevel::Peek -e 'sub foo; Dump \&foo;' SV = IV(0x7fa3b3003428) at 0x7fa3b3003438 REFCNT = 1 FLAGS = (TEMP,ROK) RV = 0x7fa3b3028978 SV = PVCV(0x7fa3b30271b8) at 0x7fa3b3028978 REFCNT = 2 FLAGS = () COMP_STASH = 0x7fa3b30032b8 "main" ROOT = 0x0 GVGV::GV = 0x7fa3b3028960 "main" :: "foo" FILE = "-e" DEPTH = 0 FLAGS = 0x0 OUTSIDE_SEQ = 0 PADLIST = 0x0 OUTSIDE = 0x0 (null)

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# marking sub as method sub foo :method { … }

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perl -MDevel::Peek -e 'sub foo :method { 1 } Dump \&foo;' SV = IV(0x7fec82003428) at 0x7fec82003438 REFCNT = 1 FLAGS = (TEMP,ROK) RV = 0x7fec82029318 SV = PVCV(0x7fec82027bb8) at 0x7fec82029318 REFCNT = 2 FLAGS = (METHOD) COMP_STASH = 0x7fec820032b8 "main" START = 0x7fec81c0dae8 ===> 1 ROOT = 0x7fec81c0da60 GVGV::GV = 0x7fec82029348 "main" :: "foo" FILE = "-e" DEPTH = 0 FLAGS = 0x1 OUTSIDE_SEQ = 95 PADLIST = 0x7fec81c0cac0 PADNAME = 0x7fec82029378(0x7fec81c0cf90) PAD = 0x7fec820293c0(0x7fec81c051e0) OUTSIDE = 0x7fec82003648 (MAIN)

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# signatures sub foo ($self) { … }

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+ use v5.20; + use experimental ‘signatures’ + - SV* - parse_signature (code, …) - # A WHOLE LOAD OF CRAZY XS - # PARSING CODE THAT MADE YOUR - # EYES BLEED AND YOUR HEART - # SINK IN DEEP DESPAIR - # *sigh*

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sub foo; ! sub bar :method { … } ! sub baz ($gorch) { … }

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package Foo; use v5.20; use warnings; ! our @DOES = (‘BarRole’); ! 1;

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package Foo; use v5.20; use warnings; ! our %HAS = ( bar => sub { “BAR” }, baz => sub { “BAZ” }, ); ! 1;

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our @DOES = (‘BarRole’); ! our %HAS = ( bar => sub { “BAR” }, baz => sub { “BAZ” }, );

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#include “mop.h”

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p5-mop

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Conclusion

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Respect the Legacy!

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Legacy is the remnants of solved problems.

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Many of the OO conventions that we take for granted are largely inherited from Java, ! … which barely existed when Larry designed the OO features of Perl 5.

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Object Orientation in Ada is a Design Pattern

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What makes a good “Perl” programmer? • Laziness • Impatience • Hubris

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What makes a good “perl” programmer? • Do the hard work • Patience • Humility

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The End (or is it…)