PHPerのためのよくわかるCPU脆弱性解説 / What's Spectra for PHPers #phpconfuk

by HASEGAWA Tomoki

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௕୩઒ஐر 1)1FSͷͨΊͷΑ͘Θ͔Δ $16੬ऑੑղઆ

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௕୩઒ஐر !UPN[PI

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ϥΠϑϫʔΫ ςοΫΧϯϑΝϨϯεӡӦࢀՃ 8FCJ04ΞϓϦ։ൃ Ϗʔϧ ిࢠ޻࡞ αοΧʔ؍ઓ Ϩϯλ ϧΧʔτϨʔε ʜ σδλϧαʔΧεגࣜձࣾ ෭ஂ௕$50 !UPN[PI

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8FC%FWFMPQNFOUXJUI 8&"3&)*3*/( IUUQXXXEHDJSDVTDPN 0NPUFTBOEP 5PLZP

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ࠓ೔ͷςʔϚ

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$16ͷ੬ऑੑ4QFDUSF ε ϖ Ϋ λ ʔ

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೥݄೔

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IUUQTHPPHMFQSPKFDU[FSPCMPHTQPUKQSFBEJOHQSJWJMFHFENFNPSZXJUITJEFIUNM

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XJUIBTJEFDIBOOFM ࣙॻӳࣙ࿠POUIF8 QSJWJMFHFE 3FBEJOH NFNPSZ

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XJUIBTJEFDIBOOFM ࣙॻӳࣙ࿠POUIF8 3FBEJOH NFNPSZ QSJWJMFHFE

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XJUIBTJEFDIBOOFM ࣙॻӳࣙ࿠POUIF8 3FBEJOH NFNPSZ QSJWJMFHFE QSJWJMFHFE ʲ໊ʳʬUIFʙʭಛݖ֊ڃʦ૚ʧ ʲܗʳಛݖΛ࣋ͭɺಛݖͷ͋Δ QSÍWɾJɾMFHFE

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ಛݖྖҬͷϝϞϦΛ  αΠυνϟωϧ੬ऑੑΛ࢖ͬͯಡΈࠐΉ

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ͭ·Γ

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ಡΊͯ͸͍͚ͳ͍ϝϞϦྖҬΛ ಡΊͯ͠·͏

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ͱͯ΋େ͖ͳ࿩୊ʹͳͬͨ

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ͳͥେ͖ͳ࿩୊ʹͳ͔ͬͨ

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ᶃର৅ʢͱࢥΘΕΔʣ$16͕͘͢͝ଟ͍

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7BSJBOUTPGUIJTJTTVFBSFLOPXOUPBGGFDU NBOZNPEFSOQSPDFTTPST JODMVEJOHDFSUBJO QSPDFTTPSTCZ*OUFM ".%BOE"3. ᶃର৅ʢͱࢥΘΕΔʣ$16͕͘͢͝ଟ͍

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7BSJBOUTPGUIJTJTTVFBSFLOPXOUPBGGFDU NBOZNPEFSOQSPDFTTPST JODMVEJOHDFSUBJO QSPDFTTPSTCZ*OUFM ".%BOE"3. .BD 8JOEPXTϚγϯ 8FCαʔόͳͲ֤छαʔό ᶃର৅ʢͱࢥΘΕΔʣ$16͕͘͢͝ଟ͍

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7BSJBOUTPGUIJTJTTVFBSFLOPXOUPBGGFDU NBOZNPEFSOQSPDFTTPST JODMVEJOHDFSUBJO QSPDFTTPSTCZ*OUFM ".%BOE"3. .BD 8JOEPXTϚγϯ 8FCαʔόͳͲ֤छαʔό J1IPOF "OESPJE ϧʔλ *P5ػث ᶃର৅ʢͱࢥΘΕΔʣ$16͕͘͢͝ଟ͍

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ᶄରࡦ͕औΓͮΒ͍

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ᶄରࡦ͕औΓͮΒ͍ ৄࡉ͸ޙड़

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ͲΜͳ੬ऑੑ͔

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ͷલʹ$16جૅ஌ࣝ

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جૅ஌ࣝΩϟογϡ

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Ωϟογϡ

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Ωϟογϡ $16ʹ಺ଂ͞Εͨߴ଎ͳϝϞϦ

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Ωϟογϡ Ұ౓ಡΜͩσʔλ͸Ωϟογϡʹஔ͘ $16ʹ಺ଂ͞Εͨߴ଎ͳϝϞϦ

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Ωϟογϡ ߴ଎ʹಈ࡞ͤ͞ΔͨΊʢϝϞϦ͸஗͍ʣ Ұ౓ಡΜͩσʔλ͸Ωϟογϡʹஔ͘ $16ʹ಺ଂ͞Εͨߴ଎ͳϝϞϦ

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Ωϟογϡ ݱ୅ͷ$16͸ΩϟογϡΛଟ༻͢Δ ߴ଎ʹಈ࡞ͤ͞ΔͨΊʢϝϞϦ͸஗͍ʣ Ұ౓ಡΜͩσʔλ͸Ωϟογϡʹஔ͘ $16ʹ಺ଂ͞Εͨߴ଎ͳϝϞϦ

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جૅ஌ࣝ౤ػత࣮ߦ

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զʑ͸1)1FSͳͷͰ 1)1Ά͍ݴޠͰղઆ

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ΞυϨε ಺༰ FDIP)FMMP BSBOE JG B \HPUP^ FDIP1$ FYJU FDIPl8PSME

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ΞυϨε ಺༰ FDIP)FMMP BSBOE JG B \HPUP^ FDIP1$ FYJU FDIPl8PSME ʣ͜͜Β΁ΜΛ࣮ߦ͍ͯ͠Δ࣌ʹʜ

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ΞυϨε ಺༰ FDIP)FMMP BSBOE JG B \HPUP^ FDIP1$ FYJU FDIPl8PSME ʣ͜͜Β΁ΜΛ࣮ߦ͍ͯ͠Δ࣌ʹʜ ʣઌߦͯ͜͜͠Β΁Μ΋࣮ߦ͢Δ

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ΞυϨε ಺༰ FDIP)FMMP BSBOE JG B \HPUP^ FDIP1$ FYJU FDIPl8PSME ʣ͜͜Β΁ΜΛ࣮ߦ͍ͯ͠Δ࣌ʹʜ ʣઌߦͯ͜͜͠Β΁Μ΋࣮ߦ͢Δ ʣͷJGͷ݁ՌʹΑͬͯ͸ ແବʹͳΔ͚Ͳ౤ػతʹ࣮ߦ͢Δ

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جૅ஌ࣝྫ֎

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$16 ΞυϨεۭؒ(# ΞυϨεόεCJU G G G G G G G G GGGGGGGG (#

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$16 ΞυϨεۭؒ(# ΞυϨεόεCJU G G G G G G G G GGGGGGGG (# 04

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$16 ΞυϨεۭؒ(# ΞυϨεόεCJU G G G G G G G G GGGGGGGG (# 04 ϢʔβϓϩάϥϜ ϢʔβϓϩάϥϜ

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$16 ΞυϨεۭؒ(# ΞυϨεόεCJU G G G G G G G G GGGGGGGG (# 04 ϢʔβϓϩάϥϜ ϢʔβϓϩάϥϜ͕  $16͕ڐՄ͠ͳ͍  ྖҬͷϝϞϦʹ  ΞΫηε͢Δͱྫ֎  ϢʔβϓϩάϥϜ

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IUUQMBCPSBUPSZTVCKQDIUNM

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جૅ஌ࣝ౤ػత࣮ߦ جૅ஌ࣝΩϟογϡ جૅ஌ࣝྫ֎

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جૅ஌ࣝ౤ػత࣮ߦ جૅ஌ࣝΩϟογϡ جૅ஌ࣝྫ֎ Ұ౓ϝϞϦ͔ΒಡΜͩσʔλΛߴ଎ͳϝϞϦʹஔ͍͓ͯ͘

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جૅ஌ࣝ౤ػత࣮ߦ جૅ஌ࣝΩϟογϡ جૅ஌ࣝྫ֎ Ұ౓ϝϞϦ͔ΒಡΜͩσʔλΛߴ଎ͳϝϞϦʹஔ͍͓ͯ͘ ઌͷํΛ࣮ߦ͓ͯ͘͠

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جૅ஌ࣝ౤ػత࣮ߦ جૅ஌ࣝΩϟογϡ جૅ஌ࣝྫ֎ Ұ౓ϝϞϦ͔ΒಡΜͩσʔλΛߴ଎ͳϝϞϦʹஔ͍͓ͯ͘ ઌͷํΛ࣮ߦ͓ͯ͘͠ $16͕ڐՄ͠ͳ͍ϝϞϦʹΞΫηε͢ΔͱΤϥʔ

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$16ͷ੬ऑੑ4QFDUSF ε ϖ Ϋ λ ʔ

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͜ΜͳϝϞϦϚοϓΛ૝ఆ

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''' ϢʔβϓϩάϥϜ ϢʔβϓϩάϥϜ ผͷϓϩάϥϜ

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͜ΜͳϓϩάϥϜ͕͋ͬͨͱ͢Δ

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ΞυϨε ಺༰ FDIP)FMMP BSBOE JG B \HPUP^ CSFBE DSFBE C ʢΞΫηεݖͷͳ͍ΞυϨεʣ

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ΞυϨε ಺༰ FDIP)FMMP BSBOE JG B \HPUP^ CSFBE DSFBE C ʢΞΫηεݖͷͳ͍ΞυϨεʣ ʣ͜͜Β΁ΜΛ࣮ߦ͍ͯ͠Δ࣌ʹʜ

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ΞυϨε ಺༰ FDIP)FMMP BSBOE JG B \HPUP^ CSFBE DSFBE C ʢΞΫηεݖͷͳ͍ΞυϨεʣ ʣ͜͜Β΁ΜΛ࣮ߦ͍ͯ͠Δ࣌ʹʜ ʣઌߦͯ͜͜͠Β΁Μ͕࣮ߦ͞ΕΔ

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ΞυϨε ಺༰ FDIP)FMMP BSBOE JG B \HPUP^ CSFBE DSFBE C ʢΞΫηεݖͷͳ͍ΞυϨεʣ ʣ͜͜Β΁ΜΛ࣮ߦ͍ͯ͠Δ࣌ʹʜ ʣઌߦͯ͜͜͠Β΁Μ͕࣮ߦ͞ΕΔ ʣͷ஋ΛCʹ֨ೲɻ

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ΞυϨε ಺༰ FDIP)FMMP BSBOE JG B \HPUP^ CSFBE DSFBE C ʢΞΫηεݖͷͳ͍ΞυϨεʣ ʣ͜͜Β΁ΜΛ࣮ߦ͍ͯ͠Δ࣌ʹʜ ʣઌߦͯ͜͜͠Β΁Μ͕࣮ߦ͞ΕΔ ʣͷ஋ΛCʹ֨ೲɻ ຊདྷ͸ྫ֎͕ൃੜ͢ΔΞΫηε ౤ػ࣮ߦத͸ྫ֎ൃੜ͠ͳ͍ ʢൃੜͨ͠ΒࠔΔʣ

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ΞυϨε ಺༰ FDIP)FMMP BSBOE JG B \HPUP^ CSFBE DSFBE C ʢΞΫηεݖͷͳ͍ΞυϨεʣ ʣ͜͜Β΁ΜΛ࣮ߦ͍ͯ͠Δ࣌ʹʜ ʣઌߦͯ͜͜͠Β΁Μ͕࣮ߦ͞ΕΔ ʣͷ஋ΛCʹ֨ೲɻ ʣ C ͷ஋Λ  Dʹ֨ೲɻ

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ΞυϨε ಺༰ FDIP)FMMP BSBOE JG B \HPUP^ CSFBE DSFBE C ʢΞΫηεݖͷͳ͍ΞυϨεʣ ʣ͜͜Β΁ΜΛ࣮ߦ͍ͯ͠Δ࣌ʹʜ ʣઌߦͯ͜͜͠Β΁Μ͕࣮ߦ͞ΕΔ ʣͷ஋ΛCʹ֨ೲɻ ʣ C ͷ஋Λ  Dʹ֨ೲɻ w ʙGGͷൣғ w ϢʔβϓϩάϥϜ͔ΒΞΫηεͰ͖ΔྖҬ w ͜ͷΞΫηεͰʙGGͷ  Ͳ͔͜ͷόΠτ͕Ωϟογϡʹ৐Δ

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ΞυϨε ಺༰ YY YY YY YY YY YY YY GG YY ΞυϨε ಺༰ GPS JJJ \ TUBSUUJNF ESFBE J FOEUJNF JG FOETUBSU \ FDIPͷ஋͸JͰͨ͠ʂʂ ^ ^ SFUVSO

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ΞυϨε ಺༰ YY YY YY YY YY YY YY GG YY ΞυϨε ಺༰ GPS JJJ \ TUBSUUJNF ESFBE J FOEUJNF JG FOETUBSU \ FDIPͷ஋͸JͰͨ͠ʂʂ ^ ^ SFUVSO ॱ൪ʹಡΈࠐΈ͔͔ͯͬͨ࣌ؒ͠Λଌఆ

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ΞυϨε ಺༰ YY YY YY YY YY YY YY GG YY ΞυϨε ಺༰ GPS JJJ \ TUBSUUJNF ESFBE J FOEUJNF JG FOETUBSU \ FDIPͷ஋͸JͰͨ͠ʂʂ ^ ^ SFUVSO ॱ൪ʹಡΈࠐΈ͔͔ͯͬͨ࣌ؒ͠Λଌఆ ͚ͩ͘͢͝ಡΈࠐΈ͕଎͔ͬͨ  ‎͕Ωϟογϡʹ৐͍ͬͯͨ ‎ຊདྷಡΊͳ͍ͷ಺༰͸ͩͬͨ

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ΞυϨε ಺༰ YY YY YY YY YY YY YY GG YY ΞυϨε ಺༰ GPS JJJ \ TUBSUUJNF ESFBE J FOEUJNF JG FOETUBSU \ FDIPͷ஋͸JͰͨ͠ʂʂ ^ ^ SFUVSO ॱ൪ʹಡΈࠐΈ͔͔ͯͬͨ࣌ؒ͠Λଌఆ ΞυϨε ಺༰ FDIP)FMMP BSBOE JG B \HPUP^ CSFBE DSFBE C ʢΞΫηεݖͷͳ͍஋ʣ ͚ͩ͘͢͝ಡΈࠐΈ͕଎͔ͬͨ  ‎͕Ωϟογϡʹ৐͍ͬͯͨ ‎ຊདྷಡΊͳ͍ͷ಺༰͸ͩͬͨ

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$16ͷ੬ऑੑ4QFDUSF ε ϖ Ϋ λ ʔ ʢݫີʹ͸4QFDUSFͱ.FMUEPXOͷ૊߹ͤʣ

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͜Μͳ͓࿩Ͱͨ͠

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͓΋͠Ζ͍Ͱ͢Ͷʂ

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ͱ͜ΖͰʜ

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ᶄରࡦ͕औΓͮΒ͍

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ᶄରࡦ͕औΓͮΒ͍ wۙ୅ͷ$16͸ɺ໋ྩΛ୯७Խͯ͠$16಺ͷσό ΠεͰ෼ۀͯ͠ॲཧ͢Δ͜ͱͰߴ଎Խ͍ͯ͠Δɻ w$16ͷ֎ͷ஗͍σόΠεΛͨͩ଴ͪͨ͘ͳ͍ɻ  $16಺ʹख͕ۭ͘σόΠεΛ࡞Γͨ͘ͳ͍ɻ w౤ػత࣮ߦͦ͜ߴ଎ԽͷΩϞɻ

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͓͠·͍ !UPN[PI w "TLUIF4QFBLFS w ࠙਌ձ w 5XJUUFS w #MPH

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ສ͕Ұ͕࣌ؒ༨ͬͨͱ͖ͷͨΊͷ ͓·͚

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%ʙ% "ʙ" *OUFM1FOUJVN

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%ʙ% "ʙ" *OUFM1FOUJVN ΞυϨεόεϏοτ ʙGGGGGGGGͷ(# "ʙ"͸ݻఆ όΠτʢϏοτʣ୯ҐͷΞΫηε

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Ͳ͏΍ͬͯରࡦ͍ͯ͠Δ͔

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$16 ΞυϨεۭؒ(# ΞυϨεόεCJU G G G G G G G G GGGGGGGG (# 04 ϢʔβϓϩάϥϜ

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෼ذ༧ଌόοϑΝ

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෼ذ༧ଌόοϑΝ w෼ذΛ༧ଌͰ͖Δͱ౤ػ࣮ߦ͕ແବʹͳΓʹ͍͘ɻخ͍͠ɻ wաڈͷ෼ذΛهԱ͓͍ͯͯ͠ɺ֬཰తͳφχͰ༧ଌ͢Δɻ  ʢ෼ذ༧ଌόοϑΝʣ wϐϯϙΠϯτʹʮ͜ͷ෼ذ໋ྩʯͱ͍͏όοϑΝͱɺ৔ॴʹ ݶΒͣʮ͜͜෼ذʯͱ͍͏࣌ؒతͳൣғͰఆΊͨόοϑΝ ΋͋Δɻ

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෼ذ༧ଌόοϑΝ w෼ذΛ༧ଌͰ͖Δͱ౤ػ࣮ߦ͕ແବʹͳΓʹ͍͘ɻخ͍͠ɻ wաڈͷ෼ذΛهԱ͓͍ͯͯ͠ɺ֬཰తͳφχͰ༧ଌ͢Δɻ  ʢ෼ذ༧ଌόοϑΝʣ wϐϯϙΠϯτʹʮ͜ͷ෼ذ໋ྩʯͱ͍͏όοϑΝͱɺ৔ॴʹ ݶΒͣʮ͜͜෼ذʯͱ͍͏࣌ؒతͳൣғͰఆΊͨόοϑΝ ΋͋Δɻ ‎$16͕ϓϩάϥϚͷบΛಡΜͰ͍Δ  ʢͱ΋ݴ͑ΔͷͰ͸ͳ͍ͩΖ͏͔ʣ

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()[ ճTFDԯճTFD ʢʢ5#TFDˠ5#TFDˠ(#TFDʣˠ(#TFDˠ(#TFDʣˠ.#TFD FUIFS ˠ.#TFD JOUFSFOU $16ͷΩϟογϡͱϝϞϦ $16 -.# (#TFD ίΞ -,#  5#TFD -,# 5#TFD ॲཧ૷ஔ ϝΠϯϝϞϦ (#(#TFD 44% 5#(#TFD

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()[ ճTFDԯճTFD ʢʢ5#TFDˠ5#TFDˠ(#TFDʣˠ(#TFDˠ(#TFDʣˠ.#TFD FUIFS ˠ.#TFD JOUFSFOU $16ͷΩϟογϡͱϝϞϦ $16 -.# (#TFD ίΞ -,#  5#TFD -,# 5#TFD ॲཧ૷ஔ ϝΠϯϝϞϦ (#(#TFD 44% 5#(#TFD ഒ

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()[ ճTFDԯճTFD ʢʢ5#TFDˠ5#TFDˠ(#TFDʣˠ(#TFDˠ(#TFDʣˠ.#TFD FUIFS ˠ.#TFD JOUFSFOU $16ͷΩϟογϡͱϝϞϦ $16 -.# (#TFD ίΞ -,#  5#TFD -,# 5#TFD ॲཧ૷ஔ ϝΠϯϝϞϦ (#(#TFD 44% 5#(#TFD ഒ ഒ

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()[ ճTFDԯճTFD ʢʢ5#TFDˠ5#TFDˠ(#TFDʣˠ(#TFDˠ(#TFDʣˠ.#TFD FUIFS ˠ.#TFD JOUFSFOU $16ͷΩϟογϡͱϝϞϦ $16 -.# (#TFD ίΞ -,#  5#TFD -,# 5#TFD ॲཧ૷ஔ ϝΠϯϝϞϦ (#(#TFD 44% 5#(#TFD ഒ ഒ ഒ

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()[ ճTFDԯճTFD ʢʢ5#TFDˠ5#TFDˠ(#TFDʣˠ(#TFDˠ(#TFDʣˠ.#TFD FUIFS ˠ.#TFD JOUFSFOU $16ͷΩϟογϡͱϝϞϦ $16 -.# (#TFD ίΞ -,#  5#TFD -,# 5#TFD ॲཧ૷ஔ ϝΠϯϝϞϦ (#(#TFD 44% 5#(#TFD ഒ ഒ ഒ ഒ

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σʔλͷہॴੑ wϓϩάϥϜ͕σʔλΛΞΫηε͢Δ৔߹ɺ ͍ۙྖҬʹ࿈ଓͯ͠ΞΫηε͢Δ͜ͱ͕ ଟ͍ɻ w͍ۭۙؒతPS࣌ؒత

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QIQ GPS JJJ \ FDIP)FMMP8PSME ^ L2 #0 EXT_STMT L2 #1 ASSIGN $i 0 L2 #2 JMP J7 L3 #3 EXT_STMT L3 #4 ECHO "Hello World." L2 #5 POST_INC $i ~1 L2 #6 FREE ~1 L2 #7 IS_SMALLER $i 10 ~2 L2 #8 EXT_STMT L2 #9 JMPNZ ~2 J3 L6 #10 RETURN 1

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ࠂ஌

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ʢۚʣʙʢ೔ʣ 1)1FS,BJHJ

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ʢ໦ʣʙʢ೔ʣ τʔΫืूத

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YYYYʙYYYY CVJMEFSTDPOUPLZP /PXPO$G1

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͓͠·͍ !UPN[PI w "TLUIF4QFBLFS w ࠙਌ձ w 5XJUUFS w #MPH