Introduction to Containers and Kubernetes

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‹#› @tpryan Terry Ryan Developer Advocate Introduction to Containers and Kubernetes

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‹#› @tpryan Who are you?

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‹#› @tpryan 01 Introduction Why Containers?

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‹#› @tpryan Matrix from Hell Dev 1 Laptop Dev 2 Laptop QA Stage Production OS ? ? ? ? ? Frontend ? ? ? ? ? Services ? ? ? ? ? Database ? ? ? ? ? Logs ? ? ? ? ?

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‹#› @tpryan Matrix from Hell Dev 1 Laptop Dev 2 Laptop QA Stage Production OS OS X Windows Debian Debian Debian Frontend nginx (homebrew) nginx (download) nginx (apt-get) nginx (apt-get) nginx (apt-get) Services php (homebrew) php (download) php (apt-get) php (apt-get) php (apt-get) Database mysql (download) mysql (download) mysql (apt-get) mysql (apt-get) mysql (apt-get) Logs /usr/local/etc/nginx/logs/ C:\nginx-1.9.5\logs /var/log/nginx/ /var/log/nginx/ /var/log/nginx/

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‹#› @tpryan It worked fine in dev It worked fine in dev Ops Problem now Ops Problem now

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‹#› @tpryan

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‹#› @tpryan Hypervisor Virtual Machine OS OS OS

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‹#› @tpryan Container Host Containers OS

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‹#› @tpryan Dockerfile FROM gcr.io/php-mvm-a/php-nginx:latest ENV DOCUMENT_ROOT /app/web COPY default /app/web RUN chmod -R 755 /app/web/*

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‹#› @tpryan Matrix from Hell Dev 1 Laptop Dev 2 Laptop QA Stage Production OS Frontend Services Database Logs

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‹#› @tpryan 02 Introduction Why Kubernetes?

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‹#› @tpryan What problem are   we trying to solve?

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‹#› @tpryan # FRONTEND AND SERVICES FROM nginx-php-fpm COPY nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf ADD www /var/www/

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‹#› @tpryan # BACKEND FROM ubuntu:12.04 ADD ./mysql-setup.sh /tmp/mysql-setup.sh RUN /bin/sh /tmp/mysql-setup.sh EXPOSE 3306 CMD ["/usr/sbin/mysqld"]

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‹#› @tpryan

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‹#› @tpryan # FRONTEND AND SERVICES FROM nginx-php-fpm COPY nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf ADD www /var/www/ # JUST SERVICES FROM nginx-php-fpm COPY nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf ADD www /var/www/

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‹#› @tpryan # FRONTEND AND SERVICES FROM nginx-php-fpm COPY nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf ADD www /var/www/ # FRONTEND FROM nginx COPY nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf ADD www /var/www/

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‹#› @tpryan

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‹#› @tpryan # BACKEND FROM ubuntu:12.04 ADD ./mysql-setup.sh /tmp/mysql-setup.sh RUN /bin/sh /tmp/mysql-setup.sh EXPOSE 3306 CMD ["/usr/sbin/mysqld"] # BACKEND FROM ubuntu:12.04 ADD ./mysql-setup.sh /tmp/mysql-setup.sh RUN /bin/sh /tmp/mysql-setup.sh EXPOSE 3306 VOLUME ["/etc/mysql", "/var/lib/mysql"] CMD ["/usr/sbin/mysqld"]

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‹#› @tpryan

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‹#› @tpryan

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‹#› @tpryan

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‹#› @tpryan

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‹#› @tpryan

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‹#› @tpryan That’s a lot to manage.

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‹#› @tpryan 4 3 2

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‹#› @tpryan Kubernetes • Container Orchestration System • Open Source • Started by Google • Contributed to by others

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‹#› @tpryan 03 App in Kubernetes

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‹#› @tpryan DB API UI LAMP

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‹#› @tpryan Dockerfiles FROM mysql/mysql-server:5.6 ADD sql/load.sql /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/load.sql EXPOSE 3306 DB FROM httpd:2.4 COPY ui /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/ui COPY static /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/static UI FROM php:7.0-apache RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y php5-mysqlnd RUN docker-php-ext-install mysqli RUN a2enmod rewrite && a2enmod headers && service apache2 restart COPY app/ /var/www/html/ API

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‹#› @tpryan Running containers Pod Pod Pod Pod Replica Set Deployment

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‹#› @tpryan Deployment apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: frontend-deployment spec: replicas: 4 strategy: type: RollingUpdate template: metadata: labels: layer: ui spec: containers: - name: "frontend" image: "gcr.io/lamp-in-containers/locations-frontend" ports: - name: "http" containerPort: 80 protocol: TCP Pod Replica Set Deployment

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‹#› @tpryan Create a Deployment # Create deployment kubectl create -f deployment.yaml

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‹#› @tpryan Containers as Pets Pod Stateful Set Persistent Volume Claim

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‹#› @tpryan Stateful Set apiVersion: apps/v1beta1 kind: StatefulSet metadata: name: db-set spec: serviceName: "mysql" replicas: 1 template: metadata: labels: layer: db spec: terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 0 containers: - name: db image: "gcr.io/lamp-in-containers/locations-db" ports: - containerPort: 3306 name: mysql volumeMounts: - name: mysql-pvc mountPath: /var/lib/mysql volumeClaimTemplates: - metadata: name: mysql-pvc annotations: volume.alpha.kubernetes.io/storage-class: anything spec: accessModes: [ "ReadWriteOnce" ] resources: requests: storage: 1Gi Pod Persistent Volume Claim Stateful Set

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‹#› @tpryan Exposing containers Pod Pod Pod Pod Service

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‹#› @tpryan Service apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: labels: name: frontend name: frontend spec: type: LoadBalancer ports: - port: 80 targetPort: 80 protocol: TCP selector: layer: ui Selector

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‹#› @tpryan ui Pod ui deployment ui Pod ui Pod ui Pod ui service (public) api Pod api deployment api service (public) api Pod api Pod db statefulset db service (private) db Pod

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‹#› @tpryan Demo: Kubernetes in Action

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‹#› @tpryan 05 Conclusions Bring it home

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‹#› @tpryan Kubernetes is Open Source We want your help! • http://kubernetes.io • https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes • irc.freenode.net #google-containers • @kubernetesio

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‹#› @tpryan

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‹#› @tpryan Roadmap Kubernetes 1.6 Released: March 2017 • Scale enhancement - 5000 nodes, 150,000 pods • Advanced Scheduling • Storage Enhancements for   AWS, Azure, GCP, OpenStack and VMware vSphere • Interesting alpha: • Nvidia GPU support http://blog.kubernetes.io/2017/03/kubernetes-1.6-multi-user-multi-workloads-at-scale.html

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‹#› @tpryan Roadmap Kubernetes 1.7 Target: June 2017 https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/milestones/

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Google has been developing and using containers to manage our applications for over 10 years.

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‹#› @tpryan Everything at Google runs on Containers: • Gmail, Web Search, Maps, ... • MapReduce, batch, ... • GFS, Colossus, ... • Even Google’s Cloud Platform: VMs run in containers! We launch 2 Billion Containers a week

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‹#› @tpryan We think containers are the way to manage scale.

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‹#› @tpryan You should carefully consider whether running everything on containers is right for you.

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‹#› @tpryan You should run everything on containers.

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‹#› @tpryan You should carefully consider whether running everything on containers is right for you.

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‹#› @tpryan

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‹#› @tpryan Thank You terrenceryan.com @tpryan This preso: http://bit.ly/tpryan-intro-k8s