Digital Privacy & Security

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About me • Privacy & Security Engineer

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😢 Sorry: It’s a little complicated

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😺 But you CAN set up some good protections in a few minutes

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ftc.gov/yourprivacy

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ssd.eff.org

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Security is a process, not a purchase …

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“Threat-model” • What do you want to protect? • From whom do you want to protect it? • How likely is it that you need to protect it? • How bad are the consequences of failure? • How much trouble are you willing to go thru to prevent those?

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What’s your threat model?

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https://www.wired.com/2017/12/digital-security-guide/

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When you think about your online data, who are you most worried about gaining unauthorized access? https://qsurvey.mozilla.com/r/28049_5bca403f6bbd32.31628179

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https://qsurvey.mozilla.com/r/28049_5bca403f6bbd32.31628179

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https://qsurvey.mozilla.com/r/28049_5bca403f6bbd32.31628179

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https://qsurvey.mozilla.com/r/28049_5bca403f6bbd32.31628179

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Average Consumer Proﬁle • You want to protect Consumer PII: Bank Accounts, Passwords, Browsing History, Health Data, Search History, Location, etc. • You want to protect it from: hackers, bad websites, data brokers, and social networks • You are NOT a special target for any attackers • Total Identity Theft is your worst- case consequence • Risk Proﬁle ~= Average Consumer

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📰 Good News! A few simple tools and techniques can go a long way.

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http://www.consumerreports.org/privacy/the-consumer-reports-10-minute-digital-privacy-tuneup/

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🍰 Let’s go from easiest to hardest

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1. Turn on Automatic Updates and install them!

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Automatic Updates protection • Bad websites or Hackers • Stealing any kinds of data: passwords, bank accounts, health, etc.

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Malicious Software https://archive.org/details/protect-your-devices-from-hackers

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How devices are infected • Email attachments • Malicious web link • USB drives or DVDs/CDs

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Email Attachments https://archive.org/details/protect-your-devices-from-hackers

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https://archive.org/details/protect-your-devices-from-hackers

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https://archive.org/details/protect-your-devices-from-hackers Don’t visit suspicious links

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Don’t use unknown drives

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1. Turn on Automatic Updates and install them!

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2. Learn to identify Phishing/Scamming

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Phishing tries to get your username & password

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https://ai.google/research/pubs/pub46437

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https://www.ic3.gov/Media/PDF/AnnualReport/2021_IC3Report.pdf

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https://docs.apwg.org/reports/apwg_trends_report_q3_2019.pdf

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Your email account … • Does it use the same password as other accounts? • Can it reset your password at other accounts? • Paypal? • Your bank?

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https://medium.com/coinmonks/the-most-expensive-lesson-of-my-life-details-of-sim-port-hack-35de11517124

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https://phishingquiz.withgoogle.com/

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https://www.cbsnews.com/news/the-phishing-email-that-hacked-the-account-of-john-podesta/

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A password manager can help prevent phishing (more on PW managers later)

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2-Factor Authentication can help prevent phishing (more on 2FA later)

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3. Use Screen Locks on every device

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Screen Locks protection • Hackers • Stealing any kinds of data: bank, personal, health, etc.

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Can your device … ? • Do your online banking? (Personal & work) • See & use all your email? (Personal & work) • Use email to reset passwords? • Show all your photos & videos? • Show your home address and map searches? • Show all your contacts? • Do 2-Factor Authentication?

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4. Always use HTTPS

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HTTPS protection • Hackers • Stealing any kinds of data: bank, personal, health, etc.

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5. Make backups!

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• Ransomware • Malware recovery

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6. Use Tracking Protection

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Tracking Protection • Hackers, bad websites, online data brokers, social networks • Watching browsing history • Other data too

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Private Browsing

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Tracking Protection

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More Tracking Protection uBlock Origin

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Mobile Tracking Protection iOS Android

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Mobile Tracking Protection iOS Android

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7. Mind your permissions

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Permissions • Websites, online data brokers, social networks • All kinds of data: browsing, searching, location, etc.

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8. Check your Data-Breach Status

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monitor.ﬁrefox.com

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Change your breached password immediately

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Update other logins using the same password

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8a. Use Strong & Unique Passwords

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https://www.eff.org/dice

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8b. Start using a Password Manager

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8c. Use 2-Factor Authentication (2FA)

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Is SMS/text-based 2-factor auth secure?

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SMS/Text 2FA Attacks • SIM porting • Stingray/femtocell interception

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https://medium.com/coinmonks/the-most-expensive-lesson-of-my-life-details-of-sim-port-hack-35de11517124

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https://medium.com/coinmonks/the-most-expensive-lesson-of-my-life-details-of-sim-port-hack-35de11517124

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https://www.digitaltrends.com/mobile/femtocell-verizon-hack/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Femtocell

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Average Consumer Protections • Install your updates • Train to beware of phishing • Lock your screens • Use HTTPS • Use Tracking Protection • Mind permissions • Use strong passwords (Password Manager) • Use 2-factor auth

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Public Figure Profile • You need extra protection: Browsing & Search History, Online & Offline activity, location, etc. • You ARE a special target for some adversaries • Online harassment is a real risk for you, maybe offline “real-life” harassment or even detainment

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Use a passcode (Not Fingerprint or Face Recognition) to unlock device

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http://time.com/3558936/ﬁngerprint-password-ﬁfth-amendment/

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Use a privacy screen

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Cover Your Cameras

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Cimkiz WB01 Webcam Cover Slider

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Encrypt everything

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Encrypt & Back up Your Drives (Hard Drive & USB)

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Mac Windows BitLocker™ (Pro & Enterprise) FileVault www.veracrypt.fr

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Use End-to-End Encryption (E2EE) for messaging

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http://money.cnn.com/2013/07/15/technology/security/femtocell-phone-hack/index.html

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Signal

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https://www.signal.org/

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Use Protonmail or Tutanota for email

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https://www.privacytools.io/#email

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Don’t use public WiFi networks

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http://insights.dice.com/2014/02/18/home-routers-pose-biggest-consumer-cyberthreat/

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http://www.tulsalibrary.org/wiﬁ.htm

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Don’t use your real email address

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Temporary email addresses 10minutemail.com

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Public inboxes mailinator.com

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Burner addresses burnermail.io

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Public Figure Proﬁle • Privacy Screen • Cover webcams • Passcodes, not biometrics • Encrypt Disks • End-to-end Encrypted Messaging • Encrypted Email • Be careful on WiFi • Don’t use your real email address

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“Spy” Proﬁle • Maximum Protection • You are engaged in cybersecurity work

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Book

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Podcast

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Don’t use your real phone number

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Use burner credit cards

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Use Tor

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https://www.eff.org/pages/tor-and-https

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IP, DNS, & HTTP threats • Hackers-in-the-middle • ISPs snooping on customers’ online activity • Governments censoring sites • Corporations scanning web logs for their competitors’ IP addresses • Criminal sites scanning web logs for law enforcement IP address

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https://www.eff.org/pages/tor-and-https Location = IP Address

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protects the user/pw & data from the intermediaries

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https://www.eff.org/pages/tor-and-https

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How do we protect location + destination from intermediaries?

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is a browser patched with The Onion Router

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The Onion What?

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https://www.torproject.org/about/overview.html.en

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https://www.torproject.org/about/overview.html.en

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Tor protection from DNS + HTTP internet threats • Hackers-in-the-middle • ISPs snooping on customers’ online activity • Governments censoring sites • Corporations scanning web logs for their competitors’ IP addresses • Criminal sites scanning web logs for law enforcement IP address

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Download Tor !

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Demo

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More • Use a VPN • Hide your Personally-Identiﬁable Information • “Threat-modeling”

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http://www.consumerreports.org/privacy/66-ways-to-protect-your-privacy-right-now/

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• What do you want to protect? • Emails? Messages? Files? • From whom do you want to protect it? • Boss? Government? Hackers? • How likely is it that you need to protect it? • E.g., unlikely: mobile phone carrier publishing your data online • How bad are the consequences of failure? • Risk ~= how likely * how bad Threat-modeling: Your Risk Proﬁle

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Changes in Risk Proﬁles • Graduating? • New job? (e.g., Journalist, Police Ofﬁcer, Lawyer) • Moving to a new country? • Changes in company policies or laws?

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• https://ssd.eff.org • https://www.consumerreports.org/privacy/the- consumer-reports-10-minute-digital-privacy- tuneup/ • https://www.wired.com/2017/12/digital-security- guide/